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Leprosy, also known as Hansen's, is one of the listed neglected tropical diseases as a major health problem global. Treatment is one of the main alternatives, however, the scarcity of medication and its poor distribution are important factors that have driven the spread of the disease, leading to irreversible and multi-resistant complications. This paper uses a distribution methodology to optimize medication administration, taking into account the most relevant attributes for the epidemiological profile of patients and the deficit in treatment via Polychemotherapy. Multi-criteria Decision Methods were applied based on AHP-Electre model in a database with information from patients in the state of Para between 2015 and 2020. The results pointed out that 84% of individuals did not receive any treatment and, among these, the method obtained a gain in the distribution of 68% in patients with positive diagnosis for leprosy.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aims to correlate new experimental data relevant to the description of the combined evaporation/permeation process of a perfume applied onto the skin. METHODS: The vapour pressure data were measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA). The Antoine constants and the Clarke and Glew parameters were determined for the same set of fragrance molecules to describe its low vapour pressures at new temperature ranges. The permeability coefficient of a set of 14 fragrance molecules in ethanolic solution was determined by Franz diffusion cell experiments, using porcine skin. The samples were analysed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV visible detector (HPLC/UV). A QSAR model was proposed to correlate the experimental data. RESULTS: The Antoine constants were determined and presented low standard deviations. The Clarke and Glew physically significant parameters were obtained along with its statistical analysis. The fitting is good since the magnitude order is in accordance with the literature, associated with the low correlation between the estimated parameters and low standard deviations. The presented correlation, based on a mixture using only ethanol as solvent, showed better results than previous QSAR models with a standard relative deviation ( σ r ) of 0.190, a standard error (SE) of 0.397 and a determination coefficient (R2 ) of 0.7786. CONCLUSION: The dataset is still small compared to larger and more general QSAR models; however, it is much more specific as to the type of solvent and class of materials studied. This work represents an advance for the modelling of the perfume diffusion process since it specifies important properties that until then had been treated in a more general way.

OBJECTIF: Cette étude vise à corréler de nouvelles données expérimentales pertinentes à la description du processus combiné d'évaporation/perméation d'un parfum appliqué sur la peau. MÉTHODES: Les données de pression de vapeur ont été mesurées par analyse thermogravimétrique (TG-DTA). Les constantes d'Antoine et les paramètres de Clarke & Glew ont été déterminés pour le même ensemble de molécules de parfum afin de décrire ses faibles pressions de vapeur à de nouvelles plages de température. Le coefficient de perméabilité d'un ensemble de 14 molécules de parfum en solution éthanolique a été déterminé par des expériences de cellules de diffusion de Franz, en utilisant de la peau de porc. Les échantillons ont été analysés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse avec un détecteur à ionisation de flamme (GC / FID) et chromatographie liquide haute performance avec détecteur UV visible (HPLC / UV). Un modèle QSAR a été proposé pour corréler les données expérimentales. RÉSULTATS: Les constantes d'Antoine ont été déterminées et ont présenté de faibles écarts types. Les paramètres physiquement significatifs de Clarke & Glew ont été obtenus avec son analyse statistique. L'ajustement est bon car l'ordre de grandeur est conforme à la littérature, associé à la faible corrélation entre les paramètres estimés et les faibles écarts types. La corrélation présentée, basée sur un mélange utilisant uniquement de l'éthanol comme solvant, a montré de meilleurs résultats que les modèles QSAR précédents avec un écart relatif standard (σr) de 0,190, une erreur standard (SE) de 0,397 et un coefficient de détermination (R2) de 0,7786. CONCLUSION: L'ensemble de données est encore petit par rapport aux modèles QSAR plus grands et plus généraux ; cependant, il est beaucoup plus spécifique quant au type de solvant et à la classe de matériaux étudiés. Ce travail représente une avancée pour la modélisation du processus de diffusion des parfums car il précise des propriétés importantes jusque-là traitées de manière plus générale.

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Several microbiological indicators of soil quality present high sensitivity, but little is known about the influence of topographic factors on them. This work aimed to evaluate variability of biological indicators of soil quality across a hillslope under native forest and the influence of topographic factors on them. Four positions on a hillslope were evaluated. Activity of the enzymes ß-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis were determined, as well as basal and substrate-induced respiration, and density of microorganisms: total bacteria, total fungi, actinobacteria, phosphate solubilizers, ammonifiers, native rhizobia, free-living N2-fixing bacteria, spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and percentage of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Activity and density of microorganisms were correlated with topographic factors. The relation of these factors to the variations of the evaluated indicators was determined using the random forest algorithm. Microbiological indicators varied according to the hillslope positions. The indicators urease, basal respiration, spore density, mycorrhizal colonization, total bacteria and fungi, phosphate solubilizers, and free-living N2-fixing bacteria detected in JNFB and FAM culture medium did not vary with terrain attributes and were therefore more indicated in cases of topographic variations. This and future studies can help to select the best microbiological indicators for different conditions.

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Os avanços na sobrevivência de bebês cada vez mais prematuros aumentaram o número de casos de displasia bronco-pulmonar. Após cerca de 40 anos de sua descrição inicial, muitos conceitos foram modificados sobre a doença, evoluindo dos estágios clássicos descritos inicialmente para um agravo diretamente relacionado à inibição do desenvolvimento pulmonar. Esta revisão descreve as principais evidências relacionadas aos mecanismos fisiopatológicos e às intervenções disponíveis no acompanhamento dos pacientes com a doença instalada. Os fatores que contribuem para a patogênese da doença são conhecidos. Entretanto, recentes estudos têm demonstrado como esses fatores interferem no crescimento e no remodelamento pulmonar, além da existência de uma possível base genética, sinalizando a suscetibilidade individual no desenvolvimento de formas severas de doença. O manuseio da displasia broncopulmonar consiste em minimizar a agressão pulmonar, reduzir a inflamação e facilitar o crescimento pulmonar. Estratégias atuais e futuras para otimizar a evolução alongo prazo nesses bebês dependem da integração de pesquisasnos campos de melhor conhecimento dos mecanismos de resposta ao dano pulmonar e na redução da gravidade das sequelas cardiopulmonares.

The improved survival of extremely premature infants has contributed to an increase in the number of infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BDP). Nearly 40 years after its original description, BDP has evolved, from the classical stages initially described to a disease characterized largely by impaired lung development. This review describes the mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of BDP as well as current therapies for its treatment. The factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of BDP have been well described. However, recent studies have better defined how these factors modulate lung growth, as well as the possibility of a genetic basis, indicating that there is individual susceptibility to the more severe forms of the disease. Treatment of BDP is aimed at minimizing lung injury, reducing inflammation, and facilitating lung growth. Current and future strategies that improve long-term outcomes in infants with BDP will depend on successful integration ofbasic research on the fundamental mechanisms of lung development and response to injury. There is a need for studies ofnovel interventions to reduce the incidence and severity of the cardiopulmonary sequelae of BDP.

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