RESUMO
Remediation methods for environmental contamination problems based on physical or chemical processes frequently present low efficiency and/or high costs. On the other hand, biological treatment is being proved to be an accessible alternative for soil and water remediation. Bioventing is commonly used for petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) spills. This process provides better subsurface oxygenation, thus stimulating degradation by indigenous microorganisms. In Brazil, gasoline and ethanol are routinely mixed; some authors suggest that despite gasoline high degradability, its degradation in the aquifer is hindered by the presence of much rapidly degrading ethanol. The present study evaluates a bioventing treatment of a gasoline-ethanol contaminated undisturbed residual soil from Rio de Janeiro. Contamination and treatment effects were monitored by conventional microbiology methods, chemical analysis, and ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. Results of culturable bacterial population counts show the effect of contamination and bioventing on the microbiota of gasoline and gasoline-ethanol containing soils; however, GPR responses to these variations are not conclusive and still need to be assessed.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Poluição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Etanol/química , Gasolina/análise , Poluentes do Solo/análise , Biodegradação Ambiental , Misturas Complexas/química , Poluição Ambiental/análise , Etanol/análise , Tamanho da Partícula , Microbiologia do Solo , Ventilação/métodosRESUMO
Working with material collected from the nose and pharynx of fifty newborn babies (four days old), the authors isolated antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus pyogenes in 22 cases, 44% of the infants. All Staphylococci isolated were resistant to penicillin, and almost all were resistant to streptomycin, chlortetracycline, and oxytetracycline. The results showed that there were antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus pyogenes in the nursery of the Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto. The authors suggest that the nursery can be a possible source of Staphylococci infections in which penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline are not effective.
Os autores, colhendo material da nasofaringe de 50 recém-nascidos de 4 dias de idade, isolaram de 22 (44%), Staphylococcus pyogenes. A totalidade dos estafilococos mostrou-se resistente à penicilina e a maioria à estreptomicina, clorotetraciclina e oxitetraciclina. Diante desses resultados, concluem os autores que no Berçário do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto existem Staphylococcus pyogenes, antibiótico-resistentes, possível fonte de estafilococias para as quais, penicilina, estreptomicina, clorotetraciclina e oxitetraciclina não deveriam ser indicadas.
RESUMO
Working with material collected from the nose and pharynx of fifty newborn babies (four days old), the authors isolated antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus pyogenes in 22 cases, 44% of the infants. All Staphylococci isolated were resistant to penicillin, and almost all were resistant to streptomycin, chlortetracycline, and oxytetracycline. The results showed that there were antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus pyogenes in the nursery of the Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto. The authors suggest that the nursery can be a possible source of Staphylococci infections in which penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline are not effective.
Os autores, colhendo material da nasofaringe de 50 recém-nascidos de 4 dias de idade, isolaram de 22 (44%), Staphylococcus pyogenes. A totalidade dos estafilococos mostrou-se resistente à penicilina e a maioria à estreptomicina, clorotetraciclina e oxitetraciclina. Diante desses resultados, concluem os autores que no Berçário do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto existem Staphylococcus pyogenes, antibiótico-resistentes, possível fonte de estafilococias para as quais, penicilina, estreptomicina, clorotetraciclina e oxitetraciclina não deveriam ser indicadas.