RESUMO
The subgenus Scaptia (Lepmia) Fairchild, known only from mountainous areas of Southeast of Brazil, is redescribed and illustrated. It is contrasted with similar species of Scaptia (Pseudoscione). It is more similar to the Australian Myioscaptia and Plinthina than to the other New World Scaptia subgenera.
Assuntos
Dípteros/anatomia & histologia , Dípteros/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
The subgenus Scaptia (Lepmia) Fairchild, known only from mountanous areas of Southeast of Brazil, is redescribed and illustrated. It is contrasted with similar species of Scaptia (Pseudoscione). It is more similar to the Australian Myioscaptia and Plinthina than to the other New World Scaptia subgenera
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Dípteros , BrasilRESUMO
Araucnephia Wygodzinsky & Coscarón is a Neotropical black fly genus in which only one species from Central Chile is known. Another species has now been found in Corrientes province on the eastern side of the Iberá tropical swamps of Argentina, on the western border of the mountainous region of southern Brazil. This new species, A. iberaensis, is herein described and illustrated and information on its bionomics is recorded. It is an interesting species because previous to its discovery no black fly genus or subgenus from Central Chile region has been found in tropical areas, because these two regions are separated by the Monte and Pampas realms. Similarly, no Brazilian genus or subgenus has crossed the Andes mountains to Chile. A comparison with other Neotropical, Nearctic, Ethiopian (Afrotropical) and Australian Prosimuliini (sensu Crosskey & Howard) showed Araucnephia to be a valid taxon most closely related to Araucnephioides (sympatric in Chile). Araucnephia also shows great affinities with Lutzsimulium from Southeast Brazil and Argentina and Paracnephia from South Africa.
Assuntos
Simuliidae/classificação , Animais , Argentina , Feminino , Masculino , Simuliidae/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Araucnephia Wygodzinsky & Coscarón is a Neotropical black fly genus in which only one species from Central Chile is known. Another species has now been found in Corrientes province on the eastern side of the Iberá tropical swamps of Argentina, on the western border of the mountainous region of southern Brazil. This new species, A. iberaensis, is herein described and illustrated and information on its bionomics is recorded. It is an interesting species because previous to its discovery no black fly genus or subgenus from Central Chile region has been found in tropical areas, because these two regions are separated by the Monte and Pampas realms. Similarly, no Brazilian genus or subgenus has crossed the Andes mountains to Chile. A comparison with other Neotropical, Nearctic, Ethiopian (Afrotropical) and Australian Prosimuliini (sensu Crosskey & Howard) showed Araucnephia to be a valid taxon most closely related to Araucnephioides (sympatric in Chile). Araucnephia also shows great affinities with Lutzsimulium from Southeast Brazil and Argentina and Paracnephia from South Africa
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Simuliidae , Argentina , SimuliidaeRESUMO
Mansonella ozzardi, a relatively nonpathogenic filarial parasite of man in Latin America, is transmitted by either ceratopogonid midges or simuliid blackflies. In the only known focus of the disease in north-western Argentina the vectors have never been incriminated. This study investigated the potential vectors of M. ozzardi in this area. The only anthropophilic species of these Diptera families biting man at the time of the investigation were Simulium exiguum, S. dinellii, Culicoides lahillei and C. paraensis. Using experimentally infected flies S. exiguum and both species of Culicoides allowed full development of microfilariae to the infective stage, with C. lahillei being a more competent host than S. exiguum. Based on these data, biting rates and natural infectivity rates it is probable that at the begininning of the wet season C. lahillei is the main vector of M. ozzardi and both C. paraensis and S. exiguum secondary vectors. Additionally, it was found that a single dose of ivermectin was ineffectual in eradicating M. ozzardi from infected individuals in this area.
Assuntos
Ceratopogonidae/parasitologia , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Mansonella/isolamento & purificação , Mansonelose/parasitologia , Simuliidae/parasitologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Argentina , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Mansonelose/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Mansonella ozzardi, a relatively non pathogenic filarial parasite of man in Latin America, is transmitted by either ceratopogonid midges or simuliid blackflies. In the only known focus of the disease in north-western Argentina the vectors have never been incriminated. This study investigated the potential vectors of M. ozzardi in this area. The only anthropophilic species of these Diptera families biting man at the time of the investigation were Simulium exiguum, S. dinellii, Culicoides lahillei and C. paraensis. Using experimentally infected flies S. exiguum and both species of Culicoides allowed full development of microfilariae to the infective stage, with C. lahillei being a more competent host than S. exiguum. Based on these data, biting rates and natural infectivity rates it is probable that at the begininning of the wet season C. lahillei is the main vector of M. ozzardi and both C. paraensis and S. exiguum secondary vectors. Additionally, it was found that a single dose of ivermectin was ineffectual in eradicating M. ozzardi from infected individuals in this area
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ceratopogonidae/parasitologia , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Mansonella/isolamento & purificação , Mansonelose/parasitologia , Simuliidae/parasitologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Argentina , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Mansonelose/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Two blackfly species Simulium (Cerqueirellum) oyapockense Floch & Abonnenc and S. (Hemicnetha) seriatum Knab are recorded from Argentina, representing the most southern register for both species. S. oyapockense is a species epidemiologically very important, as a vector of onchocerciasis in the Amazonian focus. Both species are described and illustrated and their distribution are reported, in similarity to others like S. roraimense Nunes de Mello and S. ganalesense Vargas et al. in reference to S. oyapockense and S. mexicanum Bellardi similar to S. seriatum are discussed.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Adolescente , Simuliidae , Argentina , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , SimuliidaeRESUMO
Two blackfly species Simulium (Cerqueirellum) oyapockense Floch & Abonnenc and S. (Hemicnetha) seriatum Knab are recorded from Argentina, representing the most southern register for both species. S. oyapockense is a species epidemiologically very important, as a vector of onchocerciasis in the Amazonian focus. Both species are described and illustrated and their distribution are reported, in similarity to others like S. roraimense Nunes de Mello and S. ganalesense Vargas et al. in reference to S. oyapockense and S. mexicanum Bellardi similar to S. seriatum are discussed.
Assuntos
Simuliidae/anatomia & histologia , Adolescente , Animais , Argentina , Humanos , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , Masculino , Simuliidae/fisiologiaRESUMO
In response to increasing pest populations of black flies, the government of Argentina initiated a pilot program to evaluate the effectiveness of larval control in the irrigation system of the Negro River Valley, an 18,240-km2 area in Patagonia. The extensive system of irrigation canals, drainage ditches, and natural waterways not only provides water for agriculture and general habitation but also affords habitat for immature black flies. Three species (Simulium bonaerense, Simulium wolffhuegeli, and Simulium nigristrigatum) are primary pests of humans and animals in this area. Trials were conducted using Vectobac AS in representative irrigation canals, a drainage ditch, and a medium-sized river. Most trials resulted in effective larval mortality and insecticide carry. Based on a comparison with 11 black fly suppression programs throughout the world, a suppression program for the Negro River Valley has a projected cost of approximately $1,623,360/year. This study represents the initial steps in development of the 1st areawide black fly suppression program in Argentina.
Assuntos
Bacillus thuringiensis , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Simuliidae , Animais , Argentina , Controle Biológico de Vetores/métodos , Simuliidae/classificaçãoRESUMO
Unknown male, larva and pupa of Stibasoma theotaenia from northern Argentina are described and illustrated. Larvae were collected from terrestrial Bromeliaceae of Aechnea sp. and maintained in the laboratory through development.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Dípteros/anatomia & histologia , Larva/anatomia & histologia , Pupa/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Unknown male, larva and pupa of Stibasoma theotaenia from northern Argentina are described and illustrated. Larvae were collected from terrestrial Bromeliaceae of Aechnea sp. and maintained in the laboratory through development.
Assuntos
Dípteros/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Larva/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Pupa/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
A larva with peculiar very long pubescence on the integument, the pupa of Cryptotylus unicolor, and the larva and pupa of Tabanus nebolosus ornativentris are described and illustrated.
Assuntos
Animais , Dípteros/embriologiaRESUMO
Simulium (Pternaspatha) diamantinum n. sp. is described from females, males, pupae and larvae, collected at Mendoza, San Juan and Neuquen. Some specimens of this species from Laguna del Diamante were included before by Wygodzinsky and Coscarón (1967) in S. strigidorsum Enderlein. The new species is compared with closely related species of the S. (Pternaspatha) "nigristrigatum group". The following synonym is stablished: Simulium (Pternaspatha) bachmanni Wygodzinsky & Coscarón = Simulium (Pternaspatha) nigristrigatum (Enderlein).
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Simuliidae/classificação , Dípteros/classificação , Larva , PupaRESUMO
Simulium (Pternaspatha) diamantinum n. sp. is described from females, males, pupae and larvae, collected at Mendoza, San Juan and Neuquén. Some specimens of this species from Laguna del Diamante were included before by Wygodzinsky and Coscarón (1967) in S. strigidorsum Enderlein. The new species is compared with closely related species of the S. (Pternaspatha) "nigristrigatum group". The following synonym is established: Simulium (Pternaspatha) bachmanni Wygodzinsky & Coscarón = Simulium (Pternaspatha) nigristrigatum (Enderlein).
Assuntos
Simuliidae/classificação , Animais , América do SulRESUMO
Larva and pupa of Myiotabanus barrettoi living between leaves of Pistia stratiotes in ponds of Formosa Province (Argentina) are described. As immature stages of Lepiselaga crassipes inhabit the same environment and have very a similar appearance, new information on ornamentation and morphology is added to differentiate both species. Larvae and pupae were maintained individually in moist vials at laboratory temperature until adults emerged.
Assuntos
Animais , Dípteros/fisiologia , Larva/fisiologiaRESUMO
Three new species are described and illustrated: Simulium (Hemicnetha) cristalinum from Roraima, Brazil, (female, male, pupa and larva) belonging to the brachycladum group; (Grenieriella) wygodzinskyorum from Junín, Perú (female, male, pupa and larva) belonging to the lahillei group and of the sumapazense from Cundinamarca, Colombia, the pupa, and part of the male are described.