RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recurrent ischemic events are mediated by atherosclerotic plaque instability, whereas death after an ischemic event results from gravity of insult and ability of the organism to adapt. The distinct nature of those types of events may respond for different prediction properties of clinical and anatomical information regarding type of outcome. OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic properties of clinical and anatomical data in respect of fatal and non-fatal outcomes of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: Patients consecutively admitted with ACS who underwent coronary angiography were recruited. The SYNTAX score was utilized as an anatomic model and the GRACE score as a clinical model. The predictive capacity of those scores was separately evaluated for prediction of non-fatal ischemic outcomes (infarction and refractory angina) and cardiovascular death during hospitalization. It was considered as significant a p-value <0,05. RESULTS: EAmong 365 people, cardiovascular death was observed in 4,4% and incidence of non-fatal ischemic outcomes in 11%. For cardiovascular death, SYNTAX and GRACE score presented similar C-statistic of 0,80 (95% IC: 0,70 - 0,92) and 0,89 (95% IC 0,81 - 0,96), respectively - p = 0,19. As for non-fatal ischemic outcomes, the SYNTAX score presented a moderate predictive value (C-statistic = 0,64; 95%IC 0,55 - 0,73), whereas the GRACE score did not presented association with this type of outcome (C-statistic = 0,50; 95%IC 0,40-0,61) - p = 0,027. CONCLUSION: Clinical and anatomic models similarly predict cardiovascular death in ACS. However, recurrence of coronary instability is better predicted by anatomic variables than clinical data. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).
FUNDAMENTO: Eventos isquêmicos recorrentes decorrem de instabilidade de placa aterosclerótica, enquanto morte após um evento isquêmico decorre da gravidade do insulto. A natureza diversa desses tipos de eventos pode fazer com que dados clínicos e anatômicos tenham diferentes capacidades prognósticas a depender do tipo de desfecho. OBJETIVO: Identificar as predileções prognósticas de dados clínicos e dados anatômicos em relação a desfechos coronários fatais e não fatais durante hospitalização de pacientes com síndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA). MÉTODOS: Pacientes consecutivamente admitidos por SCA que realizaram coronariografia foram recrutados. O escore SYNTAX foi utilizado como modelo anatômico e o escore GRACE como modelo clínico. A capacidade preditora desses escores foi comparada quando à predição de desfechos isquêmicos não fatais (infarto ou angina refratária) e de morte cardiovascular durante hospitalização. Significância estatística foi definida por p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Entre 365 indivíduos, 4,4% foi a incidência de óbito hospitalar e 11% de desfechos isquêmicos não fatais. Para morte cardiovascular, ambos os escores SYNTAX e GRACE apresentaram capacidade discriminatória, com estatísticas-C similares: 0,80 (95%IC: 0,700,92) e 0,89 (95%IC 0,810,96), respectivamente p=0,19. Quantos aos desfechos isquêmicos não fatais, o escore SYNTAX apresentou valor preditor (estatística-C = 0,64; 95%IC 0,550,73), porém o escore GRACE não mostrou associação com esse tipo de desfecho (estatística-C = 0,50; 95%IC: 0,400,61) p=0,027. CONCLUSÃO: Os modelos clínico e anatômico predizem satisfatoriamente morte cardiovascular em SCA, enquanto a recorrência de instabilidade coronária é melhor prevista por características anatômicas do que por dados clínicos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):219-225).
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico por imagem , Angiografia Coronária , Humanos , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Resumo Fundamento Eventos isquêmicos recorrentes decorrem de instabilidade de placa aterosclerótica, enquanto morte após um evento isquêmico decorre da gravidade do insulto. A natureza diversa desses tipos de eventos pode fazer com que dados clínicos e anatômicos tenham diferentes capacidades prognósticas a depender do tipo de desfecho. Objetivo Identificar as predileções prognósticas de dados clínicos e dados anatômicos em relação a desfechos coronários fatais e não fatais durante hospitalização de pacientes com síndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA). Métodos Pacientes consecutivamente admitidos por SCA que realizaram coronariografia foram recrutados. O escore SYNTAX foi utilizado como modelo anatômico e o escore GRACE como modelo clínico. A capacidade preditora desses escores foi comparada quando à predição de desfechos isquêmicos não fatais (infarto ou angina refratária) e de morte cardiovascular durante hospitalização. Significância estatística foi definida por p < 0,05. Resultados Entre 365 indivíduos, 4,4% foi a incidência de óbito hospitalar e 11% de desfechos isquêmicos não fatais. Para morte cardiovascular, ambos os escores — SYNTAX e GRACE — apresentaram capacidade discriminatória, com estatísticas-C similares: 0,80 (95%IC: 0,70-0,92) e 0,89 (95%IC 0,81-0,96), respectivamente — p=0,19. Quantos aos desfechos isquêmicos não fatais, o escore SYNTAX apresentou valor preditor (estatística-C = 0,64; 95%IC 0,55-0,73), porém o escore GRACE não mostrou associação com esse tipo de desfecho (estatística-C = 0,50; 95%IC: 0,40-0,61) — p=0,027. Conclusão Os modelos clínico e anatômico predizem satisfatoriamente morte cardiovascular em SCA, enquanto a recorrência de instabilidade coronária é melhor prevista por características anatômicas do que por dados clínicos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):219-225)
Abstract Background Recurrent ischemic events are mediated by atherosclerotic plaque instability, whereas death after an ischemic event results from gravity of insult and ability of the organism to adapt. The distinct nature of those types of events may respond for different prediction properties of clinical and anatomical information regarding type of outcome. Objective To identify prognostic properties of clinical and anatomical data in respect of fatal and non-fatal outcomes of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods Patients consecutively admitted with ACS who underwent coronary angiography were recruited. The SYNTAX score was utilized as an anatomic model and the GRACE score as a clinical model. The predictive capacity of those scores was separately evaluated for prediction of non-fatal ischemic outcomes (infarction and refractory angina) and cardiovascular death during hospitalization. It was considered as significant a p-value <0,05. Results EAmong 365 people, cardiovascular death was observed in 4,4% and incidence of non-fatal ischemic outcomes in 11%. For cardiovascular death, SYNTAX and GRACE score presented similar C-statistic of 0,80 (95% IC: 0,70 - 0,92) and 0,89 (95% IC 0,81 - 0,96), respectively - p = 0,19. As for non-fatal ischemic outcomes, the SYNTAX score presented a moderate predictive value (C-statistic = 0,64; 95%IC 0,55 - 0,73), whereas the GRACE score did not presented association with this type of outcome (C-statistic = 0,50; 95%IC 0,40-0,61) - p = 0,027. Conclusion Clinical and anatomic models similarly predict cardiovascular death in ACS. However, recurrence of coronary instability is better predicted by anatomic variables than clinical data. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico por imagem , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Angiografia Coronária , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
Abstract Background: Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptides have better diagnostic accuracy compared to clinical-radiologic judgment for acute heart failure. In acute coronary syndromes (ACS), the prognostic value of acute heart failure is incorporated into predictive models through Killip classification. It is not established whether NT-proBNP could increment prognostic prediction. Objective: To evaluate whether NT-proBNP, as a measure of left ventricular dysfunction, improves the in-hospital prognostic value of the GRACE score in ACS. Methods: Patients admitted due to acute chest pain, with electrocardiogram and/or troponin criteria for ACS were included in the study. The plasma level of NT-proBNP was measured at hospital admission and the primary endpoint was defined as cardiovascular death during hospitalization. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Among 352 patients studied, cardiovascular mortality was 4.8%. The predictive value of NT-proBNP for cardiovascular death was shown by a C-statistic of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.65-0.90). After adjustment for the GRACE model subtracted by Killip variable, NT-proBNP remained independently associated with cardiovascular death (p = 0.015). However, discrimination by the GRACE-BNP logistic model (C-statistics = 0.83; 95%CI = 0.69-0.97) was not superior to the traditional GRACE Score with Killip (C-statistic = 0.82; 95%CI = 0.68-0.97). The GRACE-BNP model did not provide improvement in the classification of patients to high risk by the GRACE Score (net reclassification index = - 0.15; p = 0.14). Conclusion: Despite the statistical association with cardiovascular death, there was no evidence that NT-proBNP increments the prognostic value of GRACE score in ACS.
Resumo Fundamento: Os níveis plasmáticos de peptídeos natriuréticos cerebrais têm melhor precisão diagnóstica em comparação com a avaliação clínico-radiológica para insuficiência cardíaca aguda. Nas síndromes coronárias agudas (SCA), o valor prognóstico da insuficiência cardíaca aguda é incorporado nos modelos preditivos através da classificação de Killip. Não está estabelecido se o NT-proBNP poderia aumentar a previsão prognóstica. Objetivo: Avaliar se o NT-proBNP, como medida da disfunção ventricular esquerda, melhora o valor prognóstico intra-hospitalar do escore GRACE na SCA. Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo pacientes admitidos por dor torácica aguda, com eletrocardiograma e/ou critérios de troponina para SCA. O nível plasmático de NT-proBNP foi medido no momento da admissão hospitalar e o desfecho primário foi definido como morte cardiovascular durante a hospitalização. Foi considerado significativo o valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: A mortalidade cardiovascular entre os 352 pacientes estudados foi de 4,8%. O valor preditivo do NT-proBNP para morte cardiovascular foi mostrado por uma estatística C de 0,78 (IC 95% = 0,65-0,90). Após o ajuste para o modelo GRACE subtraído pela variável Killip, o NT-proBNP permaneceu independentemente associado à morte cardiovascular (p = 0,015). No entanto, a discriminação pelo modelo logístico GRACE-BNP (estatística C = 0,83; IC 95% = 0,69-0,97) não foi superior ao escore GRACE tradicional com Killip (estatística C = 0,82; IC 95% = 0,68-0,97). O modelo GRACE-BNP não proporcionou melhora na classificação dos pacientes de alto risco pelo Escore GRACE (índice líquido de reclassificação = - 0,15; p = 0,14). Conclusão: Apesar da associação estatística com a morte cardiovascular, não houve evidências de que o NT-proBNP aumente o valor prognóstico do escore GRACE na SCA.
Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Fragmentos de Peptídeos , Prognóstico , Biomarcadores , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Medição de Risco , Peptídeo Natriurético EncefálicoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptides have better diagnostic accuracy compared to clinical-radiologic judgment for acute heart failure. In acute coronary syndromes (ACS), the prognostic value of acute heart failure is incorporated into predictive models through Killip classification. It is not established whether NT-proBNP could increment prognostic prediction. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether NT-proBNP, as a measure of left ventricular dysfunction, improves the in-hospital prognostic value of the GRACE score in ACS. METHODS: Patients admitted due to acute chest pain, with electrocardiogram and/or troponin criteria for ACS were included in the study. The plasma level of NT-proBNP was measured at hospital admission and the primary endpoint was defined as cardiovascular death during hospitalization. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: Among 352 patients studied, cardiovascular mortality was 4.8%. The predictive value of NT-proBNP for cardiovascular death was shown by a C-statistic of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.65-0.90). After adjustment for the GRACE model subtracted by Killip variable, NT-proBNP remained independently associated with cardiovascular death (p = 0.015). However, discrimination by the GRACE-BNP logistic model (C-statistics = 0.83; 95%CI = 0.69-0.97) was not superior to the traditional GRACE Score with Killip (C-statistic = 0.82; 95%CI = 0.68-0.97). The GRACE-BNP model did not provide improvement in the classification of patients to high risk by the GRACE Score (net reclassification index = - 0.15; p = 0.14). CONCLUSION: Despite the statistical association with cardiovascular death, there was no evidence that NT-proBNP increments the prognostic value of GRACE score in ACS.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Biomarcadores , Humanos , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico , Fragmentos de Peptídeos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Medição de RiscoAssuntos
Dieta Mediterrânea , Azeite de Oliva , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Nozes , Óleos de Plantas , Prevenção Primária , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess review articles on pragmatic trials in order to describe how authors define the aim of this type of study, how comprehensive methodological topics are covered, and which topics are most valued by authors. METHODS: Review articles were selected from Medline Database, based on the expression "pragmatic trial" in the titles. Five trained medical students evaluated the articles, based on a list of 15 self-explanatory methodological topics. Each article was evaluated regarding topics covered. Baseline statements on the aim of pragmatic trials were derived. RESULTS: Among 22 articles identified, there was general agreement that the aim of a pragmatic trial is to evaluate if the intervention works under real-world conditions. The mean number of methodological topics addressed by each article was 7.6 ± 3.1. Only one article covered all 15 topics, three articles (14%) responded to at least 75% of topics and 13 articles (59%) mentioned at least 50% of the topics. The relative frequency each of the 15 topics was cited by articles had a mean of 50% ± 25%. No topic was addressed by all articles, only three (20%) were addressed by more than 75% of articles. CONCLUSIONS: There is agreement on the different aims of explanatory and pragmatic trials. But there is a large variation on methodological topics used to define a pragmatic trial, which led to inconsistency in defining the typical methodology of a pragmatic trial.
Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos Pragmáticos como Assunto , Literatura de Revisão como AssuntoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: (i) To describe how aligned the 'Choosing Wisely' concept is with the medical culture among Brazilian cardiologists and (ii) to identify predictors for physicians' preference for avoiding wasteful care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Brazilian Society of Cardiology. PARTICIPANTS: Cardiologists who agree to fill a web questionary. INTERVENTION: A task force of 12 Brazilian cardiologists prepared a list of 13 'do not do' recommendations, which were made available on the Brazilian Society of Cardiology website for affiliates to assign a supported score of 1 to 10 to each recommendation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Score average for supporting recommendations. RESULTS: Of 14 579 Brazilian cardiologists, 621 (4.3%) answered the questionnaire. The top recommendation was 'do not perform routine percutaneous coronary intervention in asymptomatic individuals' (mean score = 8.0 ± 2.9) while the one with the lowest support was 'do not use an intra-aortic balloon pump in infarction with cardiogenic shock' (5.8 ± 3.2). None of the 13 recommendations presented a mean grade >9 (strong support); 7 recommendations averaged 7-8 (moderate support) followed by 6 recommendations with an average of 5-7 (modest support). Multivariate analysis independently identified predictors of the score attributed to the top recommendation; being an interventionist and time since graduation were both negatively associated with support. CONCLUSIONS: (i) The support of Brazilian cardiologists for the 'Choosing Wisely' concept is modest to moderate, and (ii) older generations and enthusiasm towards the procedure one performs may be factors against the 'Choosing Wisely' philosophy.
Assuntos
Cardiologia/normas , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Procedimentos Desnecessários , Adulto , Brasil , Cardiologistas , Estudos Transversais , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Cardiovascular/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Mau Uso de Serviços de Saúde/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sociedades Médicas , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosAssuntos
Análise Custo-Benefício , Redução de Custos , Eficiência , Humanos , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Humanos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Resultado do Tratamento , Redução de Custos , EficiênciaAssuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Anticolesterolemiantes/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Ezetimiba/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Números Necessários para Tratar , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The ACUITY and CRUSADE scores are validated models for prediction of major bleeding events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the comparative performances of these scores are not known. To compare the accuracy of ACUITY and CRUSADE in predicting major bleeding events during ACS. This study included 519 patients consecutively admitted for unstable angina, non-ST-elevation or ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The scores were calculated based on admission data. We considered major bleeding events during hospitalization and not related to cardiac surgery, according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria (type 3 or 5: hemodynamic instability, need for transfusion, drop in hemoglobin ≥ 3 g, and intracranial, intraocular or fatal bleeding). Major bleeding was observed in 31 patients (23 caused by femoral puncture, 5 digestive, 3 in other sites), an incidence of 6%. While both scores were associated with bleeding, ACUITY demonstrated better C-statistics (0.73, 95% CI = 0.63 - 0.82) as compared with CRUSADE (0.62, 95% CI = 0.53 - 0.71; p = 0.04). The best performance of ACUITY was also reflected by a net reclassification improvement of + 0.19 (p = 0.02) over CRUSADE’s definition of low or high risk. Exploratory analysis suggested that the presence of the variables ‘age’ and ‘type of ACS’ in ACUITY was the main reason for its superiority. The ACUITY Score is a better predictor of major bleeding when compared with the CRUSADE Score in patients hospitalized for ACS.
Os escores ACUITY e CRUSADE são modelos validados para a predição de eventos de sangramento maior na síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). Os desempenhos comparativos desses escores, entretanto, são desconhecidos. Comparar a acurácia dos escores ACUITY e CRUSADE para a predição de eventos de sangramento maior nas SCA. Este estudo incluiu 519 pacientes admitidos consecutivamente por angina instável e infarto do miocárdio com e sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. Os escores foram calculados tendo por base dados da admissão. Definiu-se sangramento maior como sendo o tipo 3 ou tipo 5 do Consórcio de Pesquisa Acadêmica de Sangramento ( Observou-se sangramento maior em 31 pacientes (23 causados por punção femoral, 5 digestivos e 3 em outros locais), sendo a incidência de 6%. Embora os dois escores tenham se associado com sangramento, o ACUITY demonstrou melhor estatística C (0,73, IC 95% = 0,63 – 0,82) do que o CRUSADE (0,62, IC 95% = 0,53 -0,71; p = 0,04). O melhor desempenho do ACUITY foi também evidenciado pela reclassificação líquida de + 0,19 (p = 0,02) em relação à definição de baixo ou alto risco do CRUSADE. A análise exploratória sugeriu que a presença das variáveis ‘idade’ e ‘tipo de SCA’ no ACUITY foi a principal razão para sua superioridade. O escore ACUITY mostrou-se superior ao CRUSADE para a predição de sangramento maior em pacientes hospitalizados por SCA.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/complicações , Hemorragia/diagnóstico , Hemorragia/etiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores Etários , Angina Instável/complicações , Hospitalização , Hemorragia/classificação , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Prognóstico , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In some countries, the public health system has less availability when compared to the population covered by health insurance. In addition, inappropriate referrals for treadmill exercise stress test increase spending and lead to unnecessary interventions. We aim to determine the prevalence and characteristics of inappropriate referrals for treadmill exercise stress tests in the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD), considering public and private health systems scenarios. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to describe the frequency of inappropriate use of exercise testing in the diagnosis of CAD and to determine its predictors. We consecutively enrolled 191 patients from two outpatient facilities in Northeast Brazil. For inclusion, the exercise testing should be referred for the assessment of CAD. We performed logistic regression models to identify independent predictors of inappropriate use. RESULTS: Treadmill exercise stress tests were rated as inappropriate in 150 (78 %) patients. The majority of patients had low or very low pre-test probability of CAD. Presence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were more frequent in the appropriate than inappropriate indications (71 %, 19 % and 29 % versus 43 %, 8 % and 16 %, respectively). Tests performed both at the public and private system showed high prevalence of inappropriate examinations, higher in the latter (57 % versus 87 %, P < 0.001). The private health system was the major independent predictor of inappropriate referral, consistent in all regression models (when adjusting for clinical variables, OR = 4.3; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The vast majority of treadmill exercise stress test referrals in the assessment of CAD were inappropriate. The availability of the method and not the estimate probability of CAD appear to be the underlying condition for a treadmill test referral.
Assuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Teste de Esforço/estatística & dados numéricos , Encaminhamento e Consulta/normas , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Regionalização da SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The ACUITY and CRUSADE scores are validated models for prediction of major bleeding events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the comparative performances of these scores are not known. OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of ACUITY and CRUSADE in predicting major bleeding events during ACS. METHODS: This study included 519 patients consecutively admitted for unstable angina, non-ST-elevation or ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The scores were calculated based on admission data. We considered major bleeding events during hospitalization and not related to cardiac surgery, according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria (type 3 or 5: hemodynamic instability, need for transfusion, drop in hemoglobin ≥ 3 g, and intracranial, intraocular or fatal bleeding). RESULTS: Major bleeding was observed in 31 patients (23 caused by femoral puncture, 5 digestive, 3 in other sites), an incidence of 6%. While both scores were associated with bleeding, ACUITY demonstrated better C-statistics (0.73, 95% CI = 0.63 - 0.82) as compared with CRUSADE (0.62, 95% CI = 0.53 - 0.71; p = 0.04). The best performance of ACUITY was also reflected by a net reclassification improvement of + 0.19 (p = 0.02) over CRUSADE's definition of low or high risk. Exploratory analysis suggested that the presence of the variables 'age' and 'type of ACS' in ACUITY was the main reason for its superiority. CONCLUSION: The ACUITY Score is a better predictor of major bleeding when compared with the CRUSADE Score in patients hospitalized for ACS.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/complicações , Hemorragia/diagnóstico , Hemorragia/etiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angina Instável/complicações , Feminino , Hemorragia/classificação , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Prognóstico , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores SexuaisAssuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/normas , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/normas , Angiocardiografia/métodos , Angiocardiografia/normas , Brasil , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Sociedades Médicas , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
Background: The TIMI Score for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was created and validated specifically for this clinical scenario, while the GRACE score is generic to any type of acute coronary syndrome. Objective: Between TIMI and GRACE scores, identify the one of better prognostic performance in patients with STEMI. Methods: We included 152 individuals consecutively admitted for STEMI. The TIMI and GRACE scores were tested for their discriminatory ability (C-statistics) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow) in relation to hospital death. Results: The TIMI score showed equal distribution of patients in the ranges of low, intermediate and high risk (39 %, 27 % and 34 %, respectively), as opposed to the GRACE Score that showed predominant distribution at low risk (80 %, 13 % and 7%, respectively). Case-fatality was 11%. The C-statistics of the TIMI score was 0.87 (95%CI = 0.76 to 0.98), similar to GRACE (0.87, 95%CI = 0.75 to 0.99) - p = 0.71. The TIMI score showed satisfactory calibration represented by χ2 = 1.4 (p = 0.92), well above the calibration of the GRACE score, which showed χ2 = 14 (p = 0.08). This calibration is reflected in the expected incidence ranges for low, intermediate and high risk, according to the TIMI score (0 %, 4.9 % and 25 %, respectively), differently to GRACE (2.4%, 25% and 73%), which featured middle range incidence inappropriately. Conclusion: Although the scores show similar discriminatory capacity for hospital death, the TIMI score had better calibration than GRACE. These findings need to be validated populations of different risk profiles. .
Fundamento: O Escore TIMI para infarto com supradesnível do segmento ST (IAMcSST) foi criado e validado especificamente para este cenário clínico, enquanto o Escore GRACE é genérico para qualquer tipo de síndrome coronariana aguda. Objetivo: Identificar qual dos escores, TIMI ou GRACE, apresenta melhor desempenho prognóstico em pacientes com IAMcSST. Métodos: Foram incluídos 152 indivíduos consecutivamente internados por IAMcSST. Os escores TIMI e GRACE foram testados quanto a sua capacidade discriminatória (estatística-C) e calibração (teste Hosmer-Lemeshow), em relação ao desfecho óbito hospitalar. Resultados: O Escore TIMI apresentou distribuição equitativa de pacientes nas faixas de baixo, intermediário e alto risco (39%, 27% e 34%, respectivamente), diferente do Escore GRACE que apresentou distribuição predominante em baixo risco (80%, 13% e 7%, respectivamente). A letalidade da amostra foi de 11%. A estatística-C do Escore TIMI foi de 0,87 (95% IC = 0,76 - 0,98), semelhante ao GRACE (0,87; 95% IC = 0,75-0,99) - p = 0,71. O Escore TIMI apresentou calibração satisfatória, representada por χ2 de 1,4 (p = 0,92), nitidamente superior à calibração do Escore GRACE, que apresentou χ2 de 14 (p = 0,08). Esta calibração se reflete em incidências esperadas para as faixas de baixo, intermediário e alto risco de acordo com o Escore TIMI (0%, 4,9% e 25%, respectivamente), diferente do GRACE (2,4%, 25% e 73%) que caracterizou inadequadamente a faixa intermediária. Conclusão: Os escores TIMI e GRACE apresentam semelhante capacidade discriminatória em relação a óbito hospitalar, porém o Escore TIMI possui calibração superior ao GRACE. Para populações de risco diferente da nossa amostra, esta conclusão ...