RESUMO
BACKGROUND: South America has a higher incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease than North America or Europe, but whether this impacts chemotherapy outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes among women with high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) treated at trophoblastic disease centers in developing South American countries. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients with high-risk GTN treated in three trophoblastic disease centers in South America (Botucatu and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Buenos Aires, Argentina) from January 1990 to December 2014. Data evaluated included demographics, clinical presentation, FIGO stage, WHO prognostic risk score, and treatment-related information. The primary treatment outcome was complete sustained remission by 18 months following completion of therapy or death. RESULTS: Among 1264 patients with GTN, 191 (15.1%) patients had high-risk GTN and 147 were eligible for the study. Complete sustained remission was ultimately achieved in 87.1% of cases overall, including 68.4% of ultra high-risk GTN (score ≥12). Early death (within 4 weeks of initiating therapy) was significantly associated with ultra high-risk GTN, occurring in 13.8% of these patients (p=0.003). By Cox's proportional hazards regression, factors most strongly related to death were non-molar antecedent pregnancy (RR 4.35, 95% CI 1.71 to 11.05), presence of liver, brain, or kidney metastases (RR 4.99, 95% CI 1.96 to 12.71), FIGO stage (RR 3.14, 95% CI 1.52 to 6.53), and an ultra-high-risk prognostic risk score (RR 7.86, 95% CI 2.99 to 20.71). Median follow-up after completion of chemotherapy was 4 years. Among patients followed to that timepoint, the probability of survival was 90% for patients with high-risk GTN (score 7-11) and 60% for patients with ultra-high-risk GTN (score ≥12). CONCLUSION: Trophoblastic disease centers in developing South American countries have achieved high remission rates in high-risk GTN, but early deaths remain an important problem, particularly in ultra-high-risk GTN.
Assuntos
Doença Trofoblástica Gestacional/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , América do Sul , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la cobertura del examen clínico y mamografía de tamización para cáncer de mama en un grupo de mujeres del régimen subsidiado en el municipio de Manizales. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional de tipo transversal. Se efectuó una encuesta telefónica a 352 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre 50 y 69 años, residentes en el área urbana y rural del municipio de Manizales durante el cuarto trimestre de 2010. La cobertura de tamización se valoró como la proporción de mujeres con antecedente de mamografía y examen clínico de la mama, fueron excluidas las mujeres con antecedente personal de cáncer de mama. Se estimó frecuencia de vida, frecuencia en los últimos dos años y en el último año. Se analizaron factores asociados a la práctica de tamización mediante el cálculo de OR ajustados. Resultados: La frecuencia de vida de uso de examen clínico fue de 56% y de mamografía 42,3%, de los cuales el 3 y el 7% fueron diagnósticos respectivamente (mujeres sintomáticas), el resto lo hizo con fines de cribado. Por tamización 53,1% tenían examen clínico en el último año y 24,7% mamografías en los últimos dos años. No se halló relación de las diferentes variables con la no realización de la mamografía. Conclusiones: Existe una baja cobertura de la mamografía y el examen clínico de mama por tamización en las mujeres del régimen subsidiado, a pesar de las recomendaciones generadas por el Ministerio de la Protección Social y el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología.
Objective: To determine the scope of breast clinical exam and screening for cancer mammogram in a group of women under the subsidized health regime in the municipality of Manizales. Materials and Methods: Observational, transversal type study. Telephone interviews were carried out with 352 women in ages between 50 and 69 years old, resident in the urban and rural areas of the municipality of Manizales during the fourth trimester in 2010. The scope of screening was assessed as the proportion of women with mammogram and clinical breast exam history and women with personal record of breast cancer were excluded. Life frequency, frequency in the last two years and in the previous year was estimated. Factors associated with the screening practice were analyzed using the adjusted OR calculation. Results: Frequency of useful life of the clinical exam was 56% and mammogram was 42.3% from which 3 and 7% were diagnoses respectively (asymptomatic women); the rest were done for screening purposes. Through screening, 53.1% had had clinical exam during the previous year and 24.7% had had mammograms during the last two years. Relationship of the different variables with the carrying out of mammograms was not found. Conclusions: There is low coverage of mammogram and clinical breast exam through screening in women under the subsidized health regime in spite of the recommendations generated by Social Protection Ministry and the National Study of Cancer Institute.
Objetivo: Determinar a cobertura do exame clínico e mamografia de tamisação para câncer de mama num grupo de mulheres do regime subsidiado no município de Manizales. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional de tipo transversal. Efeito se uma enquete telefônica a 352 mulheres com idades compreendidas entre 50 e 69 anos, residentes na aérea urbana e rural do município de Manizales durante o quarto trimestre de 2010. A cobertura de tamisação se valorou como a proporção de mulheres com antecedente de mamografia e exame clínico da mama, foram excluídas as mulheres com antecedente pessoal de câncer de mama. Estimou se frequência nos últimos dois anos e no ultimo ano. Analisaram se fatores associados a pratica de tamisação mediante o calculo de OR ajustados. Resultados: A frequência de vida de uso de exame clinica foi de 56% e de mamografia 42,3%, dos quais o 3 e o 7% foram diagnósticos respectivamente (mulheres sintomáticas), o resto o fez com fins de crivado. Por tamisação 53,1% tinham exame clinico no ultimo ano e 24,7% mamografias nos últimos dois anos. Não se encontrou relação das diferentes variáveis com a não realização da mamografia. Conclusões: Existe uma baixa cobertura da mamografia e o exame clínico de mama por tamisação nas mulheres do regime subsidiado, a pesar das recomendações geradas pelo Ministério da Proteção Social e o Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia.