RESUMO
Hot water treatment (HT) induces chilling injury (CI) tolerance in mango, but prolonged exposure to HT causes softening. In this sense, calcium salts stabilize the cell wall. Nevertheless, there is little information on the effect of HT combined with calcium salts (HT-Ca) on calcium absorption and cell wall stability during storage of mango at CI temperature. We evaluated the effect of quarantine HT in combination with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ), calcium citrate (CaCit), or calcium lactate (CaLac) on calcium absorption, CI tolerance, and cell wall stabilization. HT and HT-CaCl2 had the lowest CI development. HT increased firmness loss and electrolyte leakage, and HT-Ca counteracted this effect. Overall, HT-Ca treatments had a similar effect on the cell wall degrading enzymes. HT-CaCl2 was the best treatment and did not present alterations on the epicuticular wax as observed on HT. HT-CaCl2 is a useful technology to stabilize cell wall and preserve mango during chilling storage. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The addition of calcium salts in an established hot water quarantine procedure for mango exportation represents a viable alternative to counteract the negative effects of this thermal treatment upon cell microstructure, maintaining its positive effect of tolerance to chilling injury. In this sense, mango producers and packers can use a HT-CaCl2 treatment to reduce the presence of chilling injury and extent the fruit shelf life and improve its commercialization. Furthermore, technical and infrastructure changes are not necessary for the packaging chain.
Assuntos
Mangifera , Purificação da Água , Cálcio , Cloreto de Cálcio/análise , Cloreto de Cálcio/farmacologia , Citrato de Cálcio/análise , Citrato de Cálcio/farmacologia , Parede Celular , Temperatura Baixa , Frutas/química , Mangifera/química , Quarentena , Sais/análise , Sais/farmacologia , TemperaturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Texas/Chihuahua (US/Mexico) border is a medically underserved region with many reported barriers for health care access. Although Hispanic ethnicity is associated with health disparities for many different diseases, the population-based estimates of incidence and survival for patients with blood cancer along the border are unknown. The authors hypothesized that Hispanic ethnicity and border proximity is associated with poor blood cancer outcomes. METHODS: Data from the Texas Cancer Registry (1995-2016) were used to investigate the primary exposures of patient ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic) and geographic location (border vs non-border). Other confounders and covariates included sex, age, year of diagnosis, rurality, insurance status, poverty indicators, and comorbidities. The Mantel-Haenszel method and Cox regression analyses were used to determine adjusted effects of ethnicity and border proximity on the relative risk (RR) and survival of patients with different blood cancer types. RESULTS: Hispanic patients were diagnosed at a younger age than non-Hispanic patients and presented with increased comorbidities. Whereas non-Hispanics had a higher incidence of developing blood cancer compared with Hispanics overall, Hispanics demonstrated a higher incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.79-2.08; P < .001) with worse outcomes. Hispanics from the Texas/Chihuahua border demonstrated a higher incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.07-1.51; P = .02) and acute myeloid leukemia (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04-1.33; P = .0009) compared with Hispanics living elsewhere in Texas. CONCLUSIONS: Hispanic ethnicity and border proximity were associated with a poor presentation and an adverse prognosis despite the younger age of diagnosis. Future studies should explore differences in disease biology and treatment strategies that could drive these regional disparities.
Assuntos
Doenças Hematológicas/etnologia , Hispânico ou Latino , Área Carente de Assistência Médica , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Comorbidade , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Doenças Hematológicas/epidemiologia , Doenças Hematológicas/mortalidade , Humanos , Incidência , Cobertura do Seguro , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/epidemiologia , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/etnologia , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/mortalidade , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/epidemiologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/etnologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/epidemiologia , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/etnologia , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/epidemiologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/etnologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/mortalidade , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/etnologia , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/mortalidade , Pobreza , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/epidemiologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/etnologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/mortalidade , Sistema de Registros , Análise de Regressão , População Rural , Fatores Sexuais , Texas , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if the timing of appearance with respect to disease onset may influence the arthritis presentation pattern in antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD). METHODS: The patients were selected from a retrospective large international cohort of ASSD patients regularly followed-up in centres referring to AENEAS collaborative group. Patients were eligible if they had an antisynthetase antibody testing positive in at least two determinations along with arthritis occurring either at ASSD onset (Group 1) or during the course of the disease (Group 2). RESULTS: 445 (70%; 334 females, 110 males, 1 transsexual) out of the 636 ASSD we collected had arthritis, in the majority of cases (367, 83%) from disease onset (Group 1). Patients belonging to Group 1 with respect to Group 2 had an arthritis more commonly polyarticular and symmetrical (p=0.015), IgM-Rheumatoid factor positive (p=0.035), erosions at hands and feet plain x-rays (p=0.036) and more commonly satisfying the 1987 revised classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (p=0.004). Features such as Raynaud's phenomenon, mechanic's hands and fever (e.g. accompanying findings) were more frequently reported in Group 2 (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: In ASSD, the timing of appearance with respect to disease onset influences arthritis characteristics. In particular, RA features are more common when arthritis occurs from ASSD onset, suggesting an overlap between RA and ASSD in these patients. When arthritis appears during the follow-up, it is very close to a connective tissue disease-related arthritis. Also, the different prevalence of accompanying features between these two groups is in line with this possibility.