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The importance of food contaminants in the link between diet and cancer has been widely demonstrated. Therefore, different physical and chemical strategies for the control of human exposure to such dietary carcinogens has been explored; however, most of these strategies are complex, costly, and have low efficiency which limited their applications. Hence, microbiological methods have been receiving more attention. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast may act as dietary carcinogen-binding agents. This review describes the promising protective role of strains belonging mainly to the Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Saccharomyces genera by acting as dietary carcinogen-binding agents. This property suggests that these microorganisms may have a protective role by reducing the bioaccessibility of dietary carcinogens, thereby decreasing their toxic effects. The mechanisms by which the binding process takes place have not been completely elucidated; thus, the possible underlying mechanisms and factors influencing carcinogens-binding will be addressed.
Assuntos
Lactobacillales , Neoplasias , Carcinógenos/toxicidade , Fermentação , Humanos , Lactobacillus , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , LevedurasRESUMO
In Mexico, close to 200 fermented products have been described, of which, approximately 20 are beverages. They were obtained through rustic and ancestral fermentation methods by different indigenous Mexican communities; most of them were used in ceremonies, agricultural work, and other occasions. For their elaboration, different substrates obtained from plants are used, where uncontrolled and low-scale spontaneous anaerobic fermentation occurs. In Mexico, some of these products are considered as nutritional sources and functional beverages; the study of those products has revealed the presence of multiple compounds of biological importance. Additionally, elder generations attribute healing properties against diverse illnesses to these beverages. The aim of this review is to highlight the available information on twelve traditional Mexican fermented beverages, their traditional uses, and their fermentation processes along with toxicological, chemical, nutritional, and functional studies as seen from different areas of investigation. In the literature, pulque, cocoa, and pozol were the beverages with the greatest amount of described health properties; sendechó and guarapo were less characterized. Polyphenols, gallic and ferulic acid, anthocyanins and saponins were the most abundant molecules in all beverages. Finally, it is important to continue this research in order to determine the microorganisms that are involved in the fermentation process, as well as the organoleptic and beneficial properties they lend to the traditional Mexican fermented beverages.
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Antocianinas , Alimentos Fermentados , Bebidas , Fermentação , MéxicoRESUMO
In this work, the synthesis of SrB4O7 through solid state reaction and its beta particle excited thermoluminescence (TL) are reported. The glow curves show maxima around 200 and 300 -considered suitable for TL dosimetry-, and a remarkable reproducibility in successive irradiation - TL readout cycles. The integrated TL exhibits a linear dependence upon the irradiation dose in the tested dose range (from 1.0 up to 8.0 Gy). The lower detection limit and the sensitivity relative to the TLD-100 dosimeter are 88 mGy and 0.49, respectively. From the results here presented, we conclude that SrB4O7 synthesized through solid state reaction can be considered a phosphor material interesting to develop TL dosimeters.
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Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto que tiene el uso de catéteres de hemodiálisis en la permeabilidad de fístulas arteriovenosas. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional, analítico, tipo cohorte retrospectiva. Se calculó un tamaño muestral de 195 pacientes, seleccionados aleatoriamente a partir del total de pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) terminal, a quienes se les realizó su primera fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) entre enero de 2014 y diciembre de 2018. Como variables resultado se consideraron la trombosis de FAV y el tiempo de permeabilidad. Para el análisis inferencial se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi cuadrado; RR (IC 95%); curvas Kaplan-Meier; regresión de Cox; considerando un valor de p significativo < 0,05. Resultados: El 52,3% utilizó catéter de hemodiálisis, de los cuales el 49,5% presentó trombosis de su FAV versus el 17,7% del grupo sin este antecedente (p < 0,001); estimándose en el análisis univariado un riesgo de trombosis 2,7 veces mayor en pacientes con catéter previo a la confección de su FAV (IC 95% 1,7 a 4,4). En el análisis multivariado, se identificó como único factor significativo el antecedente de catéter de hemodiálisis, estimándose que los pacientes usuarios de catéter previo a la confección de su FAV tienen 2,8 veces más riesgo de trombosis en el tiempo que quienes no utilizaron catéter (IC 95% 1,6 a 4,9), quienes además presentaron un tiempo de permeabilidad significativamente menor (p < 0,001) en comparación con pacientes sin antecedente de catéter (28,1 vs 43,9 meses). Conclusión: Identificamos el uso del catéter de hemodiálisis como un factor de riesgo de trombosis de fístulas arteriovenosas, afectando significativamente su permeabilidad en el tiempo.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of hemodialysis catheter on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) permeability. Materials and Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including 195 patients randomly selected from all patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure, who had their first arteriovenous fistula between January 2014 and December 2018. The outcomes were arteriovenous fistula thrombosis and permeability. For data analysis we used Chi-square test; Relative-Risk (CI 95%); Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression; p value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Results: The 52.3% of the patients used hemodialysis catheter, from this group, the 49.5% had AVF thrombosis versus the 17.7% of the group without history of hemodialysis catheter (p < 0.001), estimating in the univariate analysis a risk of thrombosis 2.7 times higher in patients with catheter before the creation of their AVF (CI 95% 1.7 a 4.4), as well as, in the multivariate analysis the risk of AVF thrombosis was 2.8 times higher in this group of patients, being identified the history of hemodialysis catheter as the only significative risk factor for thrombosis. Additionally, the AVF permeability time in this group was significantly less (p < 0.001) than patients without history of hemodialysis catheter (28.1 vs 43.9 months). Conclusion: We identified the hemodialysis catheter as a risk factor of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis, decreasing significantly its permeability time.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Derivação Arteriovenosa Cirúrgica/efeitos adversos , Fístula Arteriovenosa/etiologia , Catéteres/efeitos adversos , Trombose/etiologia , Fístula Arteriovenosa/diagnóstico , Período PerioperatórioRESUMO
In this work, the synthesis through solid state reaction and the thermoluminescence (TL) characterization of pellet shaped CaZrO3 samples is reported. X-ray diffraction confirms that orthorhombic CaZrO3 was obtained. The glow curve has two maxima located at 149 and 216 °C as well as a less intense maximum around 350 °C when a 5.0 °C/s heating rate is used after 64 Gy of beta particle exposure. A remarkably reproducibility of the TL response is observed in repeated irradiation - TL readouts cycles. The TL as a function of the dose displays linear dependence in the dose range from 0.5 to 256 Gy. The intensity of the maximum located around 216 °C remains 61% 14 days after irradiation, and then remains closely constant for longer times. The synthesized CaZrO3 exhibits TL properties potentially of interest for use in radiation detection and dosimetry.
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The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of the intracellular content obtained from potential probiotic bacteria against acrylamide-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. First, the antioxidant properties of 12 potential probiotic strains was evaluated. Two commercial probiotic bacteria were included as reference strains, namely, Lactobacillus casei Shirota and Lactobacillus paracasei 431. Data showed that the intracellular content from four strains, i.e., Lactobacillus fermentum J10, Lactobacillus pentosus J24 and J26, and Lactobacillus pentosus J27, showed higher (P < 0.05) antioxidant capacity in most methods used. Thereafter, the intracellular content of such pre-selected strains was able to prevent the disturbance of the antioxidant system of human erythrocytes exposed to acrylamide, thereby reducing cell disruption and eryptosis development (P < 0.05). Additionally, the degree of oxidative stress in erythrocytes exposed to acrylamide was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced to levels similar to the basal conditions when the intracellular content of Lact. fermentum J10, Lact. pentosus J27, and Lact. paracasei 431 were employed. Hence, our findings suggest that the intracellular contents of specific Lactobacillus strains represent a potential source of metabolites with antioxidant properties that may help reduce the oxidative stress induced by acrylamide in human erythrocytes.
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Acrilamida/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Misturas Complexas/farmacologia , Lacticaseibacillus casei/química , Lacticaseibacillus paracasei/química , Lactobacillus pentosus/química , Limosilactobacillus fermentum/química , Acrilamida/antagonistas & inibidores , Antioxidantes/química , Catalase/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Cromanos/farmacologia , Misturas Complexas/química , Eritrócitos/citologia , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Limosilactobacillus fermentum/metabolismo , Lacticaseibacillus paracasei/metabolismo , Lactobacillus pentosus/metabolismo , Malondialdeído/antagonistas & inibidores , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Estresse Oxidativo , Probióticos/química , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
In this study, a global metabolite profile using Raman spectroscopy analysis was obtained in order to predict, by an in silico prediction of activity spectra for substance approach, the bioactivities of the intracellular content (IC) and cell wall (CW) fractions obtained from Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 and Bacillus coagulans GBI-30 strains. Additionally, multifunctional in vitro bioactivity of IC and CW fractions was also assessed. The metabolite profile revealed a variety of compounds (fatty acids, amino acids, coenzyme, protein, amino sugars), with significant probable activities (Pa > 0.7) as immune-stimulant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiproliferative, immunomodulator, and antineoplastic, among others. Moreover, in vitro assays exhibited that both IC and CW fractions presented angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory (> 90%), chelating (> 79%), and antioxidant (ca. 22-57 cellular antioxidant activity units) activities. Our findings based on in silico and in vitro analyses suggest that L. casei CRL 431 and B. coagulans GBI-30 strains appear to be promising sources of postbiotics and may impart health benefits by their multifunctional properties.
Assuntos
Bacillus coagulans/metabolismo , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Metaboloma , Probióticos/química , Biologia ComputacionalRESUMO
The effect of three Streptomyces strains (N7, RL8 and V4) and a mixture of Bacillus (BMix) on the growth (Weight, Size) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in hatchery-reared juvenile oysters Crassostrea corteziensis and Crassostrea sikamea was investigated to determine their probiotic potential. Microorganisms were added to culture water at 1×106 CFU/ml once a day during 30 days and all oysters fed daily a microalgae mix. Juveniles of C. sikamea treated with strains N7, RL8 and V4 had a significant weight gain compared to the control group. C. corteziensis juveniles treated with strains RL8 and BMix showed a significantly higher weight gain than the control group. No significant size increase was observed in any treated group for both oyster species. SOD activity significantly increased in C. sikamea treated with RL8 and with RL8, N7 and BMix in C. corteziensis. Streptomyces strains RL8 and N7 emerge as promising probiotic agents to cultivate C. sikamea and C. corteziensis and may also be useful to other molluscs and marine invertebrates .(AU)
O efeito de três culturas Streptomyces (N7, RL8 e V4) e uma mistura de Bacillus (BMix) sobre o cresimento (Peso, Tamanho) e atividade superóxido dismutase (SOD) em ostras jovens Crassostrea corteziensis e Crassostrea sikamea cultivadas artificalmente foi investigado para determinar seu potencial probiótico. Microorganismos foram adicionados à água de cultura a 1×10 6 CFU/ml uma vez por dia durante 30 dias e todas as ostras foram alimentadas diariamente com uma mistura de microalgas. Jovens C. sikamea tratados com culturas N7, RL8 e V4 tiveram ganho de peso significativo quando comparado ao grupo de controle. Jovens C. corteziensis tratados com culturas RL8 e BMix demonstraram peso significativamente mais algo que o grupo de controle. Nenhum aumento em tamanho foi observado em grupos tratados em ambas espécies. A atividade SOD foi significamente aumentada em C. sikamea treatado com RL8 e com RL8, N7 e BMix em C. corteziensis. Culturas Streptomyces RL8 e N7 surgem como agentes probióticos promissores para o cultivo de C. sikamea e C. corteziensis e podem ser úteis para outros moluscos animais marinhos invertebrados.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Streptomyces , Superóxido Dismutase/análise , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Crassostrea/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The effect of three Streptomyces strains (N7, RL8 and V4) and a mixture of Bacillus (BMix) on the growth (Weight, Size) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in hatchery-reared juvenile oysters Crassostrea corteziensis and Crassostrea sikamea was investigated to determine their probiotic potential. Microorganisms were added to culture water at 1×106 CFU/ml once a day during 30 days and all oysters fed daily a microalgae mix. Juveniles of C. sikamea treated with strains N7, RL8 and V4 had a significant weight gain compared to the control group. C. corteziensis juveniles treated with strains RL8 and BMix showed a significantly higher weight gain than the control group. No significant size increase was observed in any treated group for both oyster species. SOD activity significantly increased in C. sikamea treated with RL8 and with RL8, N7 and BMix in C. corteziensis. Streptomyces strains RL8 and N7 emerge as promising probiotic agents to cultivate C. sikamea and C. corteziensis and may also be useful to other molluscs and marine invertebrates .(AU)
O efeito de três culturas Streptomyces (N7, RL8 e V4) e uma mistura de Bacillus (BMix) sobre o cresimento (Peso, Tamanho) e atividade superóxido dismutase (SOD) em ostras jovens Crassostrea corteziensis e Crassostrea sikamea cultivadas artificalmente foi investigado para determinar seu potencial probiótico. Microorganismos foram adicionados à água de cultura a 1×10 6 CFU/ml uma vez por dia durante 30 dias e todas as ostras foram alimentadas diariamente com uma mistura de microalgas. Jovens C. sikamea tratados com culturas N7, RL8 e V4 tiveram ganho de peso significativo quando comparado ao grupo de controle. Jovens C. corteziensis tratados com culturas RL8 e BMix demonstraram peso significativamente mais algo que o grupo de controle. Nenhum aumento em tamanho foi observado em grupos tratados em ambas espécies. A atividade SOD foi significamente aumentada em C. sikamea treatado com RL8 e com RL8, N7 e BMix em C. corteziensis. Culturas Streptomyces RL8 e N7 surgem como agentes probióticos promissores para o cultivo de C. sikamea e C. corteziensis e podem ser úteis para outros moluscos animais marinhos invertebrados.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Streptomyces , Superóxido Dismutase/análise , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Crassostrea/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Hibiscus sabdariffa and Camellia sinensis are traditionally consumed as beverages and are good sources of health-promoting phenolic compounds. The objective of this work was to use response surface methodology to develop an optimized functional beverage with high total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and acceptable for potential consumers. Optimum infusion conditions were 4.9 g of hibiscus calyces or C. sinensis leaves/100 ml of water at 26 â for 291 min. These conditions yielded a total phenolic content of 14.80 ± 1.4 and 33.02 ± 0.34 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 ml for hibiscus and green tea, respectively. The optimized beverages were combined in a 7:3 (hibiscus:green tea, v/v) ratio; a consumer preference test showed that this combination had an acceptable taste according to untrained panelists. A chromatographic analysis showed that this formulation contained flavonoids, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins as its main components. Our data suggested that hibiscus and green tea phenolic compounds were efficiently extracted using near-ambient temperature water for prolonged times, contrary to routine methods (high temperature, short time). Our method also preserved antioxidant capacity, possibly by avoiding chemical changes/degradation due to high temperatures. This process can be used to produce organoleptically acceptable functional beverages that deliver a varied phenolic compound profile to the consumer.
Assuntos
Bebidas/análise , Camellia sinensis/química , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Hibiscus/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análise , Chá/química , Antocianinas/análise , Antioxidantes/análise , Flavonoides/análise , Flores/anatomia & histologia , Ácido Gálico/análise , Fenóis/análise , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta/química , PaladarRESUMO
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) stimulate immune responses in mammals but they have not been tested in species of relevance in aquaculture. In this study the immunostimulant and protective potential of orally administered AuNP against V. parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease, was determined in shrimp. Synthetized AuNP (18.57⯱â¯4.37â¯nm) were moderately dispersed with a negative ζ potential of -10.3⯱â¯0.208â¯mV (pHâ¯=â¯7). AuNP were administered (single dose) at 0.2, 2, and 20⯵g/g feed in shrimp. Hemolymph samples were withdrawn daily for 6 days. Hemolymph or hemocytes were used to determine total hemocyte counts, immune-related enzymatic activities, and expression of immune-relevant genes. Hepatopancreas was sampled for the analysis of AuNP biodistribution and histological examination. Survival was recorded daily. No mortality or toxicity signs in hepatopancreas were found. AuNP were detected in hepatopancreas. Early (24-48â¯h) immunostimulation was mainly related to immune gene up-regulation. Upon a challenge with V. parahaemolyticus, survival was higher (80%) and histopathological damages were lower in shrimp treated with the 2⯵g/g dose when compared to the control. Therefore orally administered AuNP are proposed as immunostimulants that protect shrimp against V. parahaemolyticus infection.
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Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Ouro/farmacologia , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Penaeidae/imunologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/efeitos dos fármacos , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Ouro/administração & dosagem , Nanopartículas Metálicas/administração & dosagem , Penaeidae/efeitos dos fármacos , Substâncias Protetoras/administração & dosagem , Distribuição Tecidual , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/fisiologiaRESUMO
It has been recognized that lactic acid bacteria exhibit antioxidant properties, which have been mainly endorsed to the intact viable bacteria. However, recent studies have shown that intracellular content (IC) may also be good sources of antioxidative metabolites, which may potentially contribute to oxidative homeostasis in vivo. Hence, the modulatory effect of the intracellular content of Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 (IC431) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress in rats was evaluated on the basis of its influence on hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant status-antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities; and on the oxidative stress index (OSi). Results demonstrated that CAT and GPx activities, and TAC, determined in plasma samples, were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in rats treated with AFB1 plus IC431 (3.98 µM/min/mg protein, 1.88 µM/min/mg protein, and 238.7 µM Trolox equivalent, respectively) than AFB1-treated rats (3.47 µM/min/mg protein, 1.46 µM/min/mg protein, and 179.7 µM Trolox equivalent, respectively). Furthermore, plasma and liver tissue samples from rats treated with AFB1 plus IC431 showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower LPO values (52 and 51%, respectively) and OSi (59 and 51%, respectively) than AFB1-treated rats. Hence, our results proved that the intracellular content of Lact. casei CRL 431 contains metabolites that are capable to modulate the antioxidant defense systems in living organism, which may help to ameliorate the damage associated to AFB1-induced oxidative stress.
Assuntos
Aflatoxina B1/toxicidade , Lacticaseibacillus casei , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Catalase/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
In this work, we report for the very first time on the thermoluminescence (TL) and afterglow (AG) properties of Li2ZrO3. The ternary oxide Li2ZrO3 was synthesized by solid state reaction of a mixture of Li2CO3 and ZrO2 subjected to thermal annealing at 400°C for 2h and 1000°C during 24h in air. The characteristic glow curves of beta particle irradiated samples exhibit an intense TL emission located around 150°C. From the shape of the TL curve, a 0.4 form factor was determined, suggesting that first order kinetics processes are involved. The afterglow decay curves were recorded after exposure to beta particle irradiation in the dose range from 0.5 up to 2kGy. The AG integrated in the time interval from 510 to 600s after radiation exposure shows a linear dependence as a function of the irradiation dose from 0.5 up to 256Gy. A method is proposed to compute the lower detection limit and the AG sensitivity and applied to the studied phosphors. Structural and morphological characterization were carried out by X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy, respectively. From the results presented, it is concluded that the AG response of the synthesized Li2ZrO3 presents features suitable to develop radiation detectors and dosimeters.
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Constant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer disease has increased the number and prognosis of cancer survivors. However, the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on ovarian function have resulted in premature ovarian failure. Patients are, therefore, still expecting methods to be developed to preserve their fertility successfully. Several potential options are available to preserve fertility in patients who face premature ovarian failure, including immature or mature oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. However, for children or prepubertal women needing immediate chemotherapy, cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is the only alternative. The ultimate aim of this strategy is to implant ovarian tissue into the pelvic cavity (orthotopic site) or in a heterotopic site once oncological treatment is completed and the patient is disease free. Transplantation of ovarian tissue with sufficiently large numbers of follicles could potentially restore endocrine function and allow multiple cycles for conception. However, the success of ovarian tissue transplantation still has multiple challenges, such as the low number of follicles in the graft that may affect their longevity as well as the survival of the tissue during ex vivo processing and subsequent transplantation. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the achievements of ovary grafting and the potential techniques that have been developed to improve ovarian graft survival.
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Transplante de Órgãos/métodos , Ovário/fisiologia , Ovário/transplante , Animais , Criopreservação/métodos , Feminino , Preservação da Fertilidade/métodos , Humanos , Ovário/irrigação sanguínea , Ovário/citologia , Transplante Heterólogo/métodosRESUMO
Resumen ANTECEDENTES: la hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal corrigen algunos síntomas del paciente provocando cambios en el estilo de vida. Hay estudios que demuestran mejor calidad de vida con diálisis peritoneal comparada con hemodiálisis. La escala Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL SF 36) evalúa adecuadamente la calidad de vida. OBJETIVO: demostrar mayor puntaje en la escala de calidad de vida en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal por más de cuatro años comparados con pacientes en hemodiálisis. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo y multicéntrico, realizado del 1 de abril al 31 de mayo de 2016. Se utilizó la escala KDQOL SF 36 en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálisis en el Hospital Central Norte y Regional Poza Rica. Los resultados se compararon con t de Student y χ2. RESULTADOS: se observaron efectos mentales en 39.5% del grupo de diálisis peritoneal vs 47% en hemodiálisis, p 0.05; efectos físicos en 34% de diálisis peritoneal vs 35% en hemodiálisis, p 0.758; carga de la enfermedad renal en 27% en diálisis peritoneal vs 46% en hemodiálisis, p 0.03; efectos de la enfermedad renal en 61% en diálisis peritoneal vs 55% en hemodiálisis, p 0.391; síntomas en 71% en diálisis peritoneal vs 71% en hemodiálisis, p 0.893. CONCLUSIONES: en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal el puntaje es mejor que en pacientes en hemodiálisis en cuanto a efectos de la enfermedad renal. También se observó menor puntaje en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal vs hemodiálisis en carga de la enfermedad renal, área de efectos mentales, efectos físicos y área de síntomas, sin dife rencia estadística. Tampoco hubo diferencia significativa en diálisis a largo plazo (más de cuatro años) entre ambos grupos. Por tanto, el médico y el paciente deben encontrar la modalidad de diálisis que se ajuste mejor a sus necesidades y estilo de vida.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) cor rect some patient symptoms causing changes in the lifestyle. Studies show improved quality of life in PD compared with HD. The scale Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL SF 36) adequately assesses the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To show higher scores on the scale of quality of life of patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) for more than 4 years compared to patients on hemodialysis (HD). MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational, transversal, descriptive, multicenter study, performed from April 1st to May 31st, 2016. The KDQOL SF 36 scale was used in PD or HD patients in North Central Hospital and Poza Rica Regional Hospital, Mexico. The results were compared with t-Student and χ2. RESULTS: Mental effects in the group of PD 39.5% vs 47% in HD, p 0.05; physical effects on DP 34% vs 35% in HD, p 0.758; burden of kidney disease on PD 27% vs 46% in HD, p 0.03; effects of kidney disease in PD 61% vs 55% in HD, p 0.391; symptoms in PD 71% vs 71% in HD, p 0.893. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal dialysis has better score than hemodialysis on effects of kidney disease; PD with lower score that HD in burden of kidney disease, mental effects area; in physical effects, symptoms area with no statistical difference. No significant difference in long-term dialysis (>4 years) between both groups. Therefore, the physician and patient should find dialysis modality that best fits their needs and lifestyle adjustment.
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Milk-derived bioactive peptides with a single activity (e.g., antioxidant, immunomodulatory, or antimicrobial) have been previously well documented; however, few studies describe multifunctional bioactive peptides, which may be preferred over single-activity peptides, as they can simultaneously trigger, modulate, or inhibit multiple physiological pathways. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory, antihemolytic, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antimicrobial activities of crude extracts (CE) and peptide fractions (<3 and 3-10 kDa) obtained from fermented milks with specific Lactobacillus plantarum strains. Overall, CE showed higher activity than both peptide fractions (<3 and 3-10 kDa) in most of the activities assessed. Furthermore, activity of <3 kDa was generally higher, or at least equal, to the 3 to 10 kDa peptide fractions. In particular, L. plantarum 55 crude extract or their fractions showed the higher anti-inflammatory (723.68-1,759.43µg/mL of diclofenac sodium equivalents), antihemolytic (36.65-74.45% of inhibition), and antioxidant activity [282.8-362.3µmol of Trolox (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) equivalents]. These results provide valuable evidence of multifunctional role of peptides derived of fermented milk by the action of specific L. plantarum strains. Thus, they may be considered for the development of biotechnological products to be used to reduce the risk of disease or to enhance a certain physiological function.
Assuntos
Produtos Fermentados do Leite/análise , Lactobacillus plantarum/fisiologia , Peptídeos/análise , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/análise , Anti-Inflamatórios/análise , Antimutagênicos/análise , Antioxidantes/análise , Fermentação , Lactobacillus plantarum/genética , Leite/química , Proteínas do Leite/análiseRESUMO
We studied the role of three glycosidases (α-mannosidase - α-ΜΑΝ, β-N-acetyloglucosaminidase -NAGASE and β-galactosidase - β-GAL) in follicularfluid (FF) and in fertilization medium (FM) of bovineoocytes. Oocytes were allocated into 3 groups accordingto the follicular size (controls - CF: 2-8 mm, smallfollicle group - SF: 2-5 mm, large follicle group - LF:>5-8 mm). Bovine embryos were produced in vitroeither in groups (experiment 1, n = 2099 oocytes) orindividually (experiment 2, n = 79 oocytes). In bothexperiments, the activity of all glycosidases in the FF oflarge follicles was significantly lower than in the FF ofsmall follicles group. In the FM of LF-group oocytes, α-MAN and NAGASE were significantly higher comparedto SF- and CF-group oocytes (experiment 1) and β-GALwas significantly higher in SF- compared to CF-groupoocytes (experiment 2). Cleavage rate was similar amongall groups in both experiments; however significantlyhigher blastocyst formation was noted in CF-groupcompared to LF- (days 7, 8, 9) and SF- (days 8, 9) groups(experiment 1). In follicular fluid of small follicle group,β-GAL was associated positively with degeneratingoocytes number and negatively with blastocyst rate atdays 7, 8 (P = 0.065) and 9 (experiment 1). In fertilizationmedium of control group, α-MAN related negatively tocleavage rate (P < 0.05) and β-GAL to blastocyst rate atday 8 (P = 0.089) or day 9 (P = 0.072) (experiment 1).During fertilization, in experiment 1 all oocytesconsumed β-GAL and only control or small follicleoocytes consumed α-MAN; in experiment 1, only largefollicle oocytes released NAGASE, whereas all oocytesreleased all three glycosidases in experiment 2. Inconclusion, glycosidases affect the developmentalcompetence of oocytes collected from different sizedfollicles during in vitro fertilization, performed either ingroups or individually; their role in follicular fluid isdifferent from that in fertilization medium.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Fertilização in vitro/veterinária , Técnicas de Maturação in Vitro de OócitosRESUMO
We studied the role of three glycosidases (α-mannosidase - α-ΜΑΝ, β-N-acetyloglucosaminidase -NAGASE and β-galactosidase - β-GAL) in follicularfluid (FF) and in fertilization medium (FM) of bovineoocytes. Oocytes were allocated into 3 groups accordingto the follicular size (controls - CF: 2-8 mm, smallfollicle group - SF: 2-5 mm, large follicle group - LF:>5-8 mm). Bovine embryos were produced in vitroeither in groups (experiment 1, n = 2099 oocytes) orindividually (experiment 2, n = 79 oocytes). In bothexperiments, the activity of all glycosidases in the FF oflarge follicles was significantly lower than in the FF ofsmall follicles group. In the FM of LF-group oocytes, α-MAN and NAGASE were significantly higher comparedto SF- and CF-group oocytes (experiment 1) and β-GALwas significantly higher in SF- compared to CF-groupoocytes (experiment 2). Cleavage rate was similar amongall groups in both experiments; however significantlyhigher blastocyst formation was noted in CF-groupcompared to LF- (days 7, 8, 9) and SF- (days 8, 9) groups(experiment 1). In follicular fluid of small follicle group,β-GAL was associated positively with degeneratingoocytes number and negatively with blastocyst rate atdays 7, 8 (P = 0.065) and 9 (experiment 1). In fertilizationmedium of control group, α-MAN related negatively tocleavage rate (P < 0.05) and β-GAL to blastocyst rate atday 8 (P = 0.089) or day 9 (P = 0.072) (experiment 1).During fertilization, in experiment 1 all oocytesconsumed β-GAL and only control or small follicleoocytes consumed α-MAN; in experiment 1, only largefollicle oocytes released NAGASE, whereas all oocytesreleased all three glycosidases in experiment 2. Inconclusion, glycosidases affect the developmentalcompetence of oocytes collected from different sizedfollicles during in vitro fertilization, performed either ingroups or individually; their role in follicular fluid isdifferent from that in fertilization medium.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Fertilização in vitro/veterinária , Técnicas de Maturação in Vitro de OócitosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of Lactobacillus reuteri NRRL 14171 and Lactobacillus casei Shirota to remove dietary acrylamide (AA) under simulated gastrointestinal conditions using a dynamic system. The effects of different AA levels or bacteria concentration on toxin removal by Lactobacillus strains were assessed. Thereafter, AA-removing capability of bacteria strains under either fasting or postprandial simulated gastrointestinal conditions was evaluated. Commercial potato chips were analyzed for their AA content, and then used as a food model. Average AA content (34,162µg/kg) in potato chips exceeded by ca. 34-fold the indicative values recommended by the EU. Toxin removal ability was dependent on AA content and bacterial cell concentration. A reduction on bacterial viability was observed in the food model and at the end of both digestive processes evaluated. However, bacteria survived in enough concentrations to remove part of the toxin (32-73%). Both bacterial strains were able to remove AA under different simulated gastrointestinal conditions, being L. casei Shirota the most effective (ca. 70% removal). These findings confirmed the risk of potato chips as dietary AA exposure for consumers, and that strains of the genus Lactobacillus could be employed to reduce the bioavailability of dietary AA.