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BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been historically associated with negative life outcomes among the general population. OBJECTIVE: With limited research among Latinx college students, this study assessed how specific constructs moderate the association between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Latinx participants recruited from a large U.S./Mexico border region university (Females: N = 283, Males: N = 168) completed an online survey which included: demographics, the Center for Youth Wellness Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (CYW ACE-Q) Teen Self-Report, Drug Use Frequency (DUF), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), Attitudinal Familism Scale (AFS), The Machismo Measure or The Marianismo Beliefs Scale (MBS), and The Bicultural Self-Efficacy Scale (BSE). METHODS: Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to test for main and interactive effects and to determine if the individual moderators (i.e., attachment style, self-efficacy, familism, traditional gender norms, bicultural self-efficacy) affect the relationship between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. RESULTS: Results indicated that among females, attachment style (ß = 0.04, p = .03), MBS (ß = -65.57, p = .01), and BSE (ß = 0.34, p = .04) moderate the relationship between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. No moderation analyses were statistically significant among males. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical implications include, for both substance use and trauma treatment among Latinx college students, the assessment of ACEs and attachment style to promote greater insight into the client's inner struggles and emotional processing in relation to marianismo beliefs and bicultural self-efficacy.
Assuntos
Experiências Adversas da Infância , Uso da Maconha , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Uso da Maconha/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Alcohol use is prevalent among undergraduates, however, limited research on drinking among Latinx college students exists. This study examined potential risk and protective factors of alcohol use and consequences. Participants (n = 382) completed multiple measures including alcohol use frequency and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI). Linear regression models identified predictors of monthly and yearly drinking days and RAPI. Findings indicated that alcohol use frequency was associated with increasing age, parental alcohol use disorder, greater anger, and lower self-efficacy. Alcohol-related consequences were positively associated with anxiety and adverse childhood experiences. Early alcohol prevention and intervention efforts appear warranted.
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Few studies using psychographic segmentation have been conducted; even fewer in minority samples. Study aims were to identify psychographic clusters and their relation to tobacco and alcohol use within a predominantly Hispanic (87%) young adult (ages 18-25) sample. Participants (N=754; 72.5% female; Mage=20.7 [2.2]) completed the following measures online: sociodemographics, tobacco use history, the Daily Drinking Questionnaire (Collins, Parks, & Marlatt, 1985), a social activities scale, a psychographic survey, a music preference item, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (Hoyle, Stephenson, Palmgreen, Lorch, & Donohew, 2002), and the Mini-International Personality Item Pool (Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, & Lucas, 2006). Two step cluster analysis identified two groups. 'Popular Extroverts' (49.3% of sample) reported higher: extroversion scores F(1, 652)=40.03, sensation seeking scores F(1, 652)=20.38, alcohol use (greater number of drinks per week [F(1, 652)=9.69]; and past month binge drinking [χ² (1)=12.80]), and lifetime tobacco use (χ² [1]=10.61) (all ps≤0.002). 'Mainstream/Conventionals' (50.7% of sample) reported greater intentions to smoke in the next month F(1, 284)=11.81, p=0.001. 'Popular Extroverts' may benefit from prevention/cessation messaging promoting peer support and intensity-oriented activities. For 'Mainstream/Conventionals,' messaging communicating negative attitudes toward smoking and the tobacco industry may be effective. Future directions include testing targeted messages which may be incorporated into mass media tobacco and alcohol interventions for young adults on the U.S./México border.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Estilo de Vida , Comportamento Social , Uso de Tabaco/epidemiologia , Uso de Tabaco/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Comorbidade , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Intenção , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
In recent years there has been an increase in the number of smoke/tobacco free settings, including university campuses. Given the benefits associated with the implementation of smoke and tobacco free campus policies, it is important to study attitudes toward these due to their potential association with subsequent implementation issues. The present study assessed potential predictors of attitudes toward tobacco free campus (TFC) policies, tobacco use risk perception, and perceived problematic campus tobacco use at a university located on the U.S./México border. University faculty, staff, and students (N=3002; Mage=30.4; 60% female; 67.1% Hispanic) completed an online survey regarding tobacco use history, attitudes toward TFC policies, tobacco use risk perception, perception of problematic tobacco use on campus, and awareness of the current tobacco use campus policy. Male gender, non Hispanic white ethnicity, smoking behavior (history/current), and identifying the current tobacco use policy were associated with less positive attitudes toward TFC policies and lower tobacco use risk perception. Non Hispanic white ethnicity and current smoking were associated with a lower perception of problematic campus tobacco use. Attitudes toward TFC policies and perceptions were generally positive, yet educating about the risks associated with tobacco use and addressing misconceptions about the dangers of secondhand smoke to potentially promote TFC policies seem warranted.
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Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Política Antifumo , Estudantes/psicologia , Universidades , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The use of social networking sites (SNS) has become a central aspect of youth culture allowing individuals to explore and assert their identities. A commonly portrayed online identity is an "alcohol identity," and past research suggests such identities may contribute to one's risk of using alcohol. The present study builds on past research by examining the relationship between alcohol, marijuana, and synthetic cannabinoid use (e.g., Spice, K2) and time spent on SNS in a sample of college students. METHODS: Six hundred ninety nine undergraduates (62.4% female; Mage=21.0, SD=8.56) were recruited from a university on the U.S./Mexico border for an online study. Participants completed measures assessing demographics, substance use history, and amount of time spent on SNS. RESULTS: Participants reported spending 46h per month on SNS. Seventy-one percent, 14%, and 3% of the sample reported past month use of alcohol, marijuana, and synthetic cannabinoids, respectively. Regression analyses revealed that hours spent on SNS in the past month were significantly associated with frequency of alcohol (p<0.001) and synthetic cannabinoid use (p<0.001). In addition, being male was associated with frequency of alcohol and marijuana use in the past month (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that assessment of time spent on SNS is warranted in studies investigating drug use among college students.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Canabinoides , Fumar Maconha/epidemiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/epidemiologia , Rede Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Canabinoides/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fumar Maconha/psicologia , México/epidemiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/psicologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudantes/psicologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Universidades/tendências , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Tobacco control (TC) networks (in which multiple agencies collaborate) are essential components within comprehensive TC efforts. The aim of this study was to assess the internal coalition outcomes hierarchy model (via the Internal Coalition Effectiveness [ICE] scale) in the present sample. Participants (members of a TC Network on the U.S.-México border; independent Waves 1 [N = 30] and 2 [N = 33; at a 1-year subsequent assessment]) completed a background questionnaire and an adapted version of the ICE scale. Mean values for ICE subscales suggested a strong enthusiasm of Network members and recognition of the importance of a cohesive social vision, employment of efficient practices, a need for improved and maintained knowledge/training, and stable social relationships among members. However, no significant differences were observed between data waves in the ICE subscales, multivariate analysis of variance: λ = .97, F(4, 43) = 0.31, p > .86. Considering a multifaceted assessment may enhance the understanding of the dynamics and strengths of the Network. Finally, including an assessment of the leadership's perspective regarding internal coalition outcome hierarchy model constructs to compare them with members' perspective is warranted.
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Comportamento Cooperativo , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Relações Interinstitucionais , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/métodos , Análise de Variância , Humanos , México , Inquéritos e Questionários , Texas , Indústria do Tabaco , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Obesity rates are alarming in various ethnocultural groups, particularly in Hispanics. With Hispanics being the fastest growing group to enter college, the aims of the current study were to examine patterns and correlates of exercise and dietary behaviors in Hispanic college students. Data were collected from 693 Hispanic undergraduates who enrolled online and received course extra credit for participation. Individuals completed questionnaires assessing constructs of the transtheoretical model for three health behaviors (exercise, dietary fat, and fruit/vegetable stages of change) along with demographic, psychosocial, and acculturation measures. Less than 1% of students had 0 obesity-relevant risks, while 68% indicated 2 or more risks. Only 2% of the sample met fruit and vegetable guidelines. Lower income was associated with greater obesity-relevant risks, while stress coping ability was associated with fewer such risks. Findings indicate specific obesity risk behaviors in Hispanic college students and suggest demographic and psychosocial targets for prevention and intervention according to stage of change.
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Dieta/etnologia , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde/etnologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Adaptação Fisiológica , Adulto , Dieta/psicologia , Comportamento Alimentar/etnologia , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , México , Obesidade/etnologia , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Assunção de Riscos , Autoavaliação (Psicologia) , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study examined the smoking related behaviors of Hispanic young adult college students as part of a larger study that assessed characteristics of Hispanic smokers in a metropolitan area on the U.S./México border. One hundred seventy-four English-speaking Hispanic college students completed questionnaires that assessed tobacco use, drug/alcohol use, body mass index, weight concerns, acculturation, depressive symptoms, and expired carbon monoxide level. Of the 74 smoking participants (42.5% of the sample), 77% reported light or intermittent smoking. Univariate analyses and a backward elimination logistic regression model were used to compare smokers' and nonsmokers' characteristics. Significant univariate differences between smokers and nonsmokers were higher reported weekly alcohol use and ever use of marijuana. Logistic regression findings indicated smokers reported heightened odds of being younger, lower acculturation, ever use of drugs, and weekly drinking. These results suggest a drug and alcohol use component is important to cessation interventions targeted toward Hispanic college student smokers.
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Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Abuso de Maconha/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Texas/epidemiologia , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Club drug use and correlates were examined among 251 Hispanic college students on the Texas-México border. Participants completed questionnaires on substance use, club drug attitudes and beliefs, sexual risk-taking behaviors, depressive symptoms, and acculturation. One-quarter of participants reported club drug use. Regression analyses demonstrated that frequency and history of lifetime use were consistently associated with more permissive drug attitudes and other substance use but not sexual risk-taking, depression symptoms, or acculturation. Acculturation was negatively associated with frequency of club drug use, yet positively associated with use of other illicit substances. Avenues for future studies are suggested.