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Comunidad salud ; 6(1): 1-6, jun. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-690863

RESUMO

Veinticinco pacientes menores de 2 años fueron estudiados en el Hospital “José María Benítez” de La Victoria entre Agosto de 2006 y Mayo de 2007, dada la presencia de meningitis asépticas tratadas como bacterianas. Aunque el diagnóstico inicial fue Neuroinfección, 68% egresaron como Meningitis Bacteriana confirmada con Gram y cultivo del Líquido Cefalo Raquideo, mientras que en el resto sólo se pudo comprobar bacterias por estudios citoquímicos. Estreptococo pneumoneae (44%), Estaphilococo aureus (8%),Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae y Estaphilococo Coagulasa negativo (4%), fueron los de mayor incidencia. Ningún paciente presentó inmunización contra neumococo y 16% no presentaban la vacuna pentavalente. La clínica más relevante fue: Fiebre (100%), irritabilidad (64%), hiporexia (56%) y vómitos (48%). Sólo 16% de los menores presentaron complicaciones. Es necesaria una conducta médica precoz, que realice a menores con fiebre, irritabilidad e hiporexia; Punción Lumbar, estudios citoquímicos, Gram, cultivo y antibiograma, además garantizar prevención, mediante la inclusión de la vacuna contra el Neumococo en el esquema de inmunizaciones del Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud Venezolano.


Twenty five under two years old patients were studied in “Jose Maria Benitez” Hospital, La Victoria, between August 2006 and May 2007, in view of several cases of aseptic meningitis treated as bacterial. Although the initial diagnosis was neuro infection, 68% were discharged as Bacterial Meningitis confirmed with Gram and CRL culture. While among the remainders, presence of bacteria was confirmed only by cytochemical tests Strepfococus pneumoneae (44%), Staphilococus aureus (8%), Neisseria meningitides, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphilococus spp., coagulase negative (4%) showed the highest incidence. None of the patients o reported immunization against neumococi and 16% were not immunized with pentavalent vaccine. Most relevant clinical features were: fever (100%); irritability (64%) hyporexia (56%) and vomits (4%). Only 16% of the children developed complications. An earlier and more assertive approach in front of nursing patients with fever, irritability and hyporexia is recommended. Lumbar puncture, cytochemical tests, Gram culture and antibiogram are also suggested. Prevention through application pentavalent vaccine within the normal scheme of inmunizations of the Ministry of Health must be reinforced.

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