RESUMO
Thirty samples of a brand cheese commercialized in the municipality of Sacramento, MG, Brazil were analyzed for their biochemical and molecular traits to detect the phenotype and genotype of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Minas artisanal cheese produced in the region of Araxá, MG, Brazil. All samples failed to comply with Law 14185 on the production process of Minas artisanal cheese, owing to high counts in coagulase-positive staphylococcus. Sixty-three colonies from 30 samples of Minas artisanal cheese were genotyped for molecular analysis. All colonies were biochemically detected as coagulase-positive staphylococcus, of which 56 (88.8%) were positive for S. aureus in molecular analyses. Results reveal the need for urgent measures by health authorities since the above mentioned cheese, produced from non-pasteurized milk, put at risk consumers health(AU)
Com o objetivo de conhecer as características fenotípicas e genotípicas das estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de queijo Minas artesanal, produzido na região de Araxá MG, 30 amostras de uma determinada marca comercializada no município de Sacramento-MG foram analisadas bioquímica e molecularmente. Deste total, 100% estavam em desacordo com a Lei nº 14.185, que dispõe sobre o processo de produção de queijo Minas artesanal, devido à elevada contagem de estafilococos coagulase-positivos. Para a análise molecular, genotiparam-se 63 colônias oriundas das 30 amostras de queijo Minas artesanal. Todas as colônias foram caracterizadas bioquimicamente como estafilococos coagulase-positivos, e 56 (88,8%) colônias foram positivas para a espécie S. aureus nas análises moleculares. Os resultados obtidos indicam a necessidade de adoção de medidas por parte das autoridades sanitárias, uma vez que tais queijos, por serem produzidos com leite cru, não pasteurizado, colocam em risco a saúde dos consumidores(AU)
Assuntos
Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Queijo/análise , Coagulase/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Técnicas de Genotipagem/veterinária , Contaminação de AlimentosRESUMO
Thirty samples of a brand cheese commercialized in the municipality of Sacramento, MG, Brazil were analyzed for their biochemical and molecular traits to detect the phenotype and genotype of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Minas artisanal cheese produced in the region of Araxá, MG, Brazil. All samples failed to comply with Law 14185 on the production process of Minas artisanal cheese, owing to high counts in coagulase-positive staphylococcus. Sixty-three colonies from 30 samples of Minas artisanal cheese were genotyped for molecular analysis. All colonies were biochemically detected as coagulase-positive staphylococcus, of which 56 (88.8%) were positive for S. aureus in molecular analyses. Results reveal the need for urgent measures by health authorities since the above mentioned cheese, produced from non-pasteurized milk, put at risk consumers health
Com o objetivo de conhecer as características fenotípicas e genotípicas das estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de queijo Minas artesanal, produzido na região de Araxá MG, 30 amostras de uma determinada marca comercializada no município de Sacramento-MG foram analisadas bioquímica e molecularmente. Deste total, 100% estavam em desacordo com a Lei nº 14.185, que dispõe sobre o processo de produção de queijo Minas artesanal, devido à elevada contagem de estafilococos coagulase-positivos. Para a análise molecular, genotiparam-se 63 colônias oriundas das 30 amostras de queijo Minas artesanal. Todas as colônias foram caracterizadas bioquimicamente como estafilococos coagulase-positivos, e 56 (88,8%) colônias foram positivas para a espécie S. aureus nas análises moleculares. Os resultados obtidos indicam a necessidade de adoção de medidas por parte das autoridades sanitárias, uma vez que tais queijos, por serem produzidos com leite cru, não pasteurizado, colocam em risco a saúde dos consumidores
Assuntos
Coagulase/isolamento & purificação , Queijo/análise , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Contaminação de Alimentos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Técnicas de Genotipagem/veterináriaRESUMO
The efficiency of microbiological culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Salmonella Typhimurium is compared in fecal samples of Holstein calves experimentally infected with 10(9) CFU of Salmonella Typhimurium. Seventy-two fecal samples were analyzed by microbiological culture and PCR associated with selenite cystine (SC) and Muller-Kauffmann tethrationate (TMK) selective enrichment broths. Regardless of the selective enrichment broth, the microbiological culture was significantly better than PCR for detection of positive samples of Salmonella Typhimurium. The selective enrichment broths SC and TMK had no effect on the efficiency of the microbiological culture. The SC broth was the best option as selective enrichment associated to PCR.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Bovinos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bovinos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos/veterináriaRESUMO
The efficiency of microbiological culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Salmonella Typhimurium is compared in fecal samples of Holstein calves experimentally infected with 10(9) CFU of Salmonella Typhimurium. Seventy-two fecal samples were analyzed by microbiological culture and PCR associated with selenite cystine (SC) and Muller-Kauffmann tethrationate (TMK) selective enrichment broths. Regardless of the selective enrichment broth, the microbiological culture was significantly better than PCR for detection of positive samples of Salmonella Typhimurium. The selective enrichment broths SC and TMK had no effect on the efficiency of the microbiological culture. The SC broth was the best option as selective enrichment associated to PCR.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Bovinos , Bovinos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos/veterináriaRESUMO
The study compared the performance of three screening serological tests: buffered plate antigen (BPA), Rose-Bengal produced with 1119-3 Brucella abortus strain (RB1119-3), and Rose-Bengal produced with 99 Brucella abortus strain (RB99). Sera from 696 adult female animals were submitted to BPA, RB1119-3, RB99, 2-mercaptoethanol test (ME), and complement fixation test (FC). The gold standard was the combination of CF and ME. The Kappa values for BPA, RB99, and RB1119-3 were 0.82, 0.74, and 0.70, respectively. The relative sensitivity and specificity for the same tests were 0.98 and 0.96, 0.92 and 0.94, and 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. These results indicate that BPA is a better screening test than RB for buffalo, regardless of the B. abortus strain in RB.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Brucelose Bovina/diagnóstico , Búfalos/imunologia , Testes Sorológicos/métodos , Ensaios de Triagem em Larga Escala/veterinária , Testes Sorológicos/veterináriaRESUMO
Gingival overgrowth (GO) is a common side effect of chronic cyclosporine use. The average prevalence of GO is about 30%, ranging from 10% to 85% in various series, due to diverse aggravating risk factors: drug interactions with calcium channel blockers, age, cyclosporine dose, bacterial plaque, and genetic predisposition. Recent studies have demonstrated elevated levels of specific cytokines particularly transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in hyperplastic gingival tissue, suggesting that this growth factor plays a role in the accumulation of the extracellular matrix. Until recently treatment for this complication was only surgical. Nowadays, several studies have been performed to evaluate the effects of antibiotic treatment on the regression of GO. In the present study, we used roxithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic that has inhibitory effect on TGF-beta production by inflammatory cells. The results suggested that roxithromycin may be an important therapeutic tool to reduce cyclosporine-induced GO.
Assuntos
Ciclosporina/efeitos adversos , Hiperplasia Gengival/prevenção & controle , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Roxitromicina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Hiperplasia Gengival/induzido quimicamente , Hiperplasia Gengival/patologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of triiodothyronine (T3), 17beta-estradiol (E2), and tamoxifen (TAM) on transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha gene expression in primary breast cancer cell cultures and interactions between the different treatments. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients included in the study (no.=12) had been newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Fresh human breast carcinoma tissue was cut into 0.3- mm slices. These slices were placed in six 35-mm dishes on 2-ml organ culture medium. Dishes received the following treatments: dish 1: ethanol; dish 2: T3; dish 3: T3+TAM; dish 4: TAM; dish 5: E2; dish 6: E2+TAM. TGF-alpha mRNA content was normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA levels. All tissues included in this study were positive for estrogen receptor (ER) and thyroid hormone receptor expression. Treatment with T3 for 48 h significantly increased TGF-alpha mRNA levels compared to controls (15-fold), and concomitant treatment with TAM reduced expression to 3.4-fold compared to controls. When only TAM was added to the culture medium, TGF-alpha mRNA expression increased 5.3-fold, significantly higher than with all other treatment modalities. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that TGF-alpha mRNA expression is more efficiently upregulated by T3 than E2. Concomitant treatment with TAM had a mitigating effect on the T3 effect, while E2 induced TGF-alpha upregulation. Our findings show some similarities between primary culture and breast cancer cell lines, but also some important differences: a) induction of TGF-alpha, a mitogenic protein, by TAM; b) a differential effect of TAM that may depend on relative expression of ER alpha and beta; and c) supraphysiological doses of T3 may induce mitogenic signals in breast cancer tissue under conditions of low circulating E2.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Carcinoma/genética , Tamoxifeno/farmacologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador alfa/genética , Tri-Iodotironina/farmacologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Interações Medicamentosas , Estradiol/farmacologia , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
Brucella abortus es una bacteria que causa abortos e infertilidad en el ganado y fiebre ondulante en el hombre. Se multiplica en el citoplasma celular evadiendo los mecanismos de muerte intracelular. El óxido nítrico (NO) es importante en la regulación de la respuesta inmune. En el presente trabajo estudiamos la habilidad de tres cepas de B. abortus para sobrevivir intracelularmente en dos líneas celulares de macrófagos. La multiplicación de bacterias en ambas líneas celulares fue determinada a distintos tiempos en número de UFC/ml, también fue observada al microscopio de campo claro y de fluorescencia utilizando Giemsa y naranja de acridina, respectivamente. La tinción de ambas líneas celulares inoculadas con B. abortus mostró un resultado concordante con el encontrado en la determinación del número de UFC. Fue confirmada la presencia de B. abortus por microscopía electrónica. Para medir la producción de NO se utilizó el reactivo de Griess. La multiplicación de la cepa rugosa RB51 disminuyó en ambas líneas celulares y los niveles de NO fueron mayores en células inoculadas con dicha cepa que cuando fueron inoculadas con las cepas lisas (S19 y 2308). Estos resultados sugieren que probablemente la ausencia de cadena O en el lipopolisacárido afecta el crecimiento intracelular de B. abortus.
Brucella abortus is a bacterium which causes abortions and infertility in cattle and undulant fever in humans. It multiplies intracellularly, evading the mechanisms of cellular death. Nitric oxide (NO) is important in the regulation of the immune response. In the present work, we studied the ability of three B. abortus strains to survive intracellularly in two macrophage cell lines. The bacterial multiplication in both cell lines was determined at two different times in UFC/ ml units. Moreover the inoculated cells were also observed under light-field and fluorescence microscopy stained with Giemsa and acridine orange, respectively. The stain of both cellular lines showed similar results with respect to the UFC/ml determination. The presence of B. abortus was confirmed by electronic microscopy. In both macrophage cell lines inoculated with RB51, the multiplication diminished and the level of NO was higher, compared with cells inoculated with smooth strains (S19 and 2308). These results suggest that the absence of O-chain of LPS probably has affects the intracellular growth of B. abortus.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Camundongos , Cápsulas Bacterianas/fisiologia , Brucella abortus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Cápsulas Bacterianas/química , Brucella abortus/classificação , Brucella abortus/metabolismo , Brucella abortus/ultraestrutura , Divisão Celular , Linhagem Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular/microbiologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Macrófagos Peritoneais/metabolismo , Macrófagos Peritoneais/microbiologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Antígenos O/fisiologia , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Brucella abortus is a bacterium which causes abortions and infertility in cattle and undulant fever in humans. It multiplies intracellularly, evading the mechanisms of cellular death. Nitric oxide (NO) is important in the regulation of the immune response. In the present work, we studied the ability of three B. abortus strains to survive intracellularly in two macrophage cell lines. The bacterial multiplication in both cell lines was determined at two different times in UFC/ ml units. Moreover the inoculated cells were also observed under light-field and fluorescence microscopy stained with Giemsa and acridine orange, respectively. The stain of both cellular lines showed similar results with respect to the UFC/ml determination. The presence of B. abortus was confirmed by electronic microscopy. In both macrophage cell lines inoculated with the rough strain RB51, the multiplication diminished and the level of NO was higher, compared with cells inoculated with smooth strains (S19 and 2308). These results suggest that the absence of O-chain of LPS probably affects the intracellular growth of B. abortus.
Assuntos
Cápsulas Bacterianas/fisiologia , Brucella abortus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Animais , Cápsulas Bacterianas/química , Brucella abortus/classificação , Brucella abortus/metabolismo , Brucella abortus/ultraestrutura , Bovinos , Divisão Celular , Linhagem Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular/microbiologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos Peritoneais/metabolismo , Macrófagos Peritoneais/microbiologia , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Antígenos O/fisiologia , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vasculitis are characterised by the inflammatory infiltrate, chiefly of mononuclear cells, in the walls of the blood vessels, which can lead to occlusion with necrosis and the subsequent infarction of the affected tissue. AIMS: The Objective of this study was to determine the clinical, anatomicopathological and neurophysiological aspects of vasculitic neuropathies in infancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Each patient was submitted to the following tests: a complete hemogram, systemic lupus erythematosus cells (LE cells), lupus anticoagulant, antinuclear antibodies, neutrophil anticytoplasmic antibodies, venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, liver transaminases, serological testing for hepatitis C, B and A, cytochemical study of the cerebrospinal fluid, study of motor and sensory conduction, electromyography and nuclear magnetic resonance, when required; a biopsy of the sural nerve was performed, which was replaced by a necropsy if the patient died. RESULTS: 15 patients from a total of 25 who were studied had vasculitic neuropathies; the most usual presentation was multiple mononeuropathy; aetiologies found included microscopic polyangiitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, JRA, overlap syndrome and several undetermined vasculitis. Of the patients who were submitted to a biopsy, 75% showed signs of vasculitis, which affected the small and medium sized vessels in 62.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of neuropathy in association with symptoms and signs of systemic involvement suggested the possibility of a neuropathy in the course of a vasculitis. The examination of biopsy specimens of the sural nerve is useful for the diagnosis and classification of the aetiology of vasculitis. Response to treatment with immunosuppressant drugs was good, both in the case of the neuropathy and of the underlying disease.
Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Vasculite/complicações , Adolescente , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Biópsia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Cuba/epidemiologia , Doenças Desmielinizantes/epidemiologia , Doenças Desmielinizantes/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Lactente , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/epidemiologia , Doenças Reumáticas/complicações , Doenças Reumáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Nervo Sural/patologia , Vasculite/tratamento farmacológico , Vasculite/imunologiaRESUMO
An evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Amisulpride as compared with Viloxazine in a group of patients diagnosed as dysthymic, according to the DSM-III-R criteria is presented. Study was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial: Subjects were assessed during an initial examination with informed consent, then entering a 4-week treatment trial. The Hamilton Depression Scale, the Widlocher Psychomotor Retardation Scale, and the Andreasen Negative Symptoms Scale were used for evaluating cases. Both the efficacy and safety of drugs were assessed. An analysis of results suggests a better therapeutic response among the Amisulpride group subjects.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Psicotrópicos/uso terapêutico , Sulpirida/análogos & derivados , Viloxazina/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Amissulprida , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicotrópicos/efeitos adversos , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Sulpirida/efeitos adversos , Sulpirida/uso terapêutico , Viloxazina/efeitos adversosRESUMO
An evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Amisulpride as compared with Viloxazine in a group of patients diagnosed as dysthymic, according to the DSM-III-R criteria is presented. Study was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial: Subjects were assessed during an initial examination with informed consent, then entering a 4-week treatment trial. The Hamilton Depression Scale, the Widlocher Psychomotor Retardation Scale, and the Andreasen Negative Symptoms Scale were used for evaluating cases. Both the efficacy and safety of drugs were assessed. An analysis of results suggests a better therapeutic response among the Amisulpride group subjects.