RESUMO

Anodic layers have been grown on 304L stainless steel (304L SS) using two kinds of fluoride-free organic electrolytes. The replacement of NH4F for NaAlO2 or Na2SiO3 in the glycerol solution and the influence of the H2O concentration have been examined. The obtained anodic layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization tests. Here, it was found that, although the anodic layers fabricated within the NaAlO2-electrolyte and high H2O concentrations presented limited adherence to the substrate, the anodizing in the Na2SiO3-electrolyte and low H2O concentrations allowed the growth oxide layers, and even a type of ordered morphology was observed. Furthermore, the electrochemical tests in chloride solution determined low chemical stability and active behavior of oxide layers grown in NaAlO2-electrolyte. In contrast, the corrosion resistance was improved approximately one order of magnitude compared to the non-anodized 304L SS substrate for the anodizing treatment in glycerol, 0.05 M Na2SiO3, and 1.7 vol% H2O at 20 mA/cm2 for 6 min. Thus, this anodizing condition offers insight into the sustainable growth of oxide layers with potential anti-corrosion properties.

RESUMO

Este artigo objetiva investigar o conceito de compulsão à repetição na obra freudiana, com o intuito de trazer clarificações para a complexidade que o envolve. O método empregado foi a pesquisa teórica sobre psicanálise, sendo que foi utilizado o mito de Sísifo para fazer correlações com o conceito estudado, porque nele foram encontrados modelos de comportamentos repetitivos e a mitologia sempre se mostra como uma fonte rica de reflexões sobre o humano. Foram correlacionados três momentos presentes na dinâmica da compulsão à repetição com outros três encontrados no mito de Sísifo por possuírem elementos comuns que descrevem, num primeiro momento, transgressões e excessos; num segundo, repetições compulsivas e inexoráveis; e, por fim, num terceiro, possibilidades de restauração da ordem e redenção. Assim, chegou-se a considerações acerca da compulsão à repetição que a descrevem como um mecanismo associado ao encontro do psiquismo com o excessivo, desligado e traumático.

This article aims to investigate the concept of repetition compulsion in the Freudian work, with the purpose of bringing clarifications to the complexity that surrounds it. The method used was the theoretical research on psychoanalysis, and the Sisyphus myth was used to make correlations with the studied concept, because in it were found models of repetitive behaviors and Greek mythology always shows itself as a rich source of reflections about the human. Three moments present in the dynamics of the compulsion to repetition were correlated with three others found in the Sisyphus myth, because they have common elements that describe, in the first instance, transgressions and excesses; in a second, compulsive and inexorable repetitions; and finally, in a third, possibilities of restoration of order and redemption. Thus, we came to considerations about the repetition compulsion that describe it as a mechanism associated with the encounter of the psychism with the excessive, disconnected and traumatic.

Este artículo objetiva investigar el concepto de compulsión a la repetición en la obra freudiana, con el propósito de traer aclaraciones a la complejidad que lo envuelve. El método utilizado fue la investigación teórica sobre psicoanálisis, siendo que fue utilizado el mito de Sísifo para hacer correlaciones con el concepto estudiado, porque en él se encontraron modelos de comportamientos repetitivos y la mitología griega siempre se muestra como una fuente rica de reflexiones sobre lo humano. Se correlacionaron tres momentos presentes en la dinámica de la compulsión a la repetición con otros tres encontrados en el mito de Sísifo, por poseer elementos comunes que describen, en un primer momento, transgresiones y excesos; en un segundo, repeticiones compulsivas e inexorables; y, finalmente, en un tercero, posibilidades de restauración del orden y redención. Así, se llegó a consideraciones acerca de la compulsión a la repetición que la describen como un mecanismo asociado al encuentro del psiquismo con lo excesivo, desligado y traumático.

RESUMO

A psicodinâmica do trabalho se configura como uma das principais correntes da Psicologia do Trabalho e das Clínicas do Trabalho. Foi desenvolvida inicialmente por Christophe Dejours e se disseminou amplamente entre os pesquisadores dessa área, inclusive brasileiros. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar quais as principais discussões sobre a psicodinâmica do trabalho no Brasil, em artigos publicados na base de dados SciELO entre os anos de 2005 e 2015. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica. A análise dos dados permitiu compreender que a psicodinâmica vem se firmando como referencial teórico e suporte teórico-metodológico para os estudos que visam compreender as relações dinâmicas presentes entre a organização do trabalho e os processos de subjetivação dos trabalhadores, contribuindo com o conhecimento sobre o trabalho. Além disso, constatamos que os autores brasileiros estão se destacando como referência sobre a psicodinâmica do trabalho.

The psychodynamics of work is one of the main currents of work psychology and work clinics. It was initially developed by Christophe Dejours and disseminated widely among researchers in this area, including Brazilians. The objective of this article is to identify the main discussions about the work psychodynamics in Brazil in articles published in the Scielo database between 2005 and 2015. The methodology used was the bibliographical research. The analysis of the data allowed us to understand that psychodynamics has been established as theoretical reference and theoretical and methodological support for the studies that aim to understand the dynamic relations present between the organization of work and the processes of subjectivation of workers, contributing with the knowledge about work. In addition, we find that the Brazilian authors are standing out as references on work psychodynamics

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar as oficinas sobre sexualidade, diversidade sexual e gênero, realizadas em uma escola de agroeocologia do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST). Participaram 36 adolescentes e jovens, com idade entre 15 e 24 anos, da mesma turma do curso de agroecologia. A demanda que nos foi endereçada, tanto pelos educandos como pela coordenação da escola, foi trabalhar com o tema sexualidade. Realizamos 15 encontros semanais no ano de 2015, com 2 horas de duração, com os seguintes temas geradores: gênero e relacionamentos abusivos, diversidade sexual, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e métodos contraceptivos. As técnicas utilizadas foram variadas: dinâmicas de grupo, mitos e verdades, exibição e discussão de filmes (curtas e longas). Nas oficinas, trabalhamos de uma forma dinâmica, esclarecendo dúvidas, proporcionando experiências e situações que estimulassem a reflexão e a expressão de vivências, para superar o enfoque do binômio saúde-doença.

The aim of this article is to present the workshops about sexuality, sexual diversity and gender, performed in an agroecology school of the Landless Workers' Movement (MST). The participants were 36 adolescents and young, aged 15 to 24 years, from the same class of the agroecology course. The demand addressed to us, both by the students and by the coordination of the school, was approaching the sexuality theme. We performed 15 weekly meetings during the year 2015, with the duration of 2 hours each, about the following generating themes: gender and abusive relationships, sexual diversity, sexually transmitted diseases and contraceptive methods. Different techniques were used, such as: group dynamics, myths and truths, exhibition and discussion of short and long films. In the workshops, we pursued a dynamical working method, clarifying doubts, providing experiences and situations that stimulate reflection and sharing of experiences, in order to overcome the health-disease binomial approach.

El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar los talleres sobre sexualidad, diversidad sexual y género, realizados en una escuela de agroecología del Movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra (MST). Los participantes fueron 36 adolescentes y jóvenes, con edades entre 15 a 24 años, de la misma clase del curso de agroecología. La demanda que nos ha sido dirigida, tanto por los alumnos como por la coordinación de la escuela, fue trabajar con el tema sexualidad. Realizamos 15 encuentros semanales en el año 2015, con 2 horas de duración, con los siguientes temas generadores: género y relación abusiva, diversidad sexual, enfermedades sexualmente transmisibles y métodos anticonceptivos. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron variadas: dinámica de grupo, mitos y verdades, exhibición y discusión de películas (corto y largometraje). En los talleres, propusimos trabajar de un modo dinámico, aclarando dudas, proporcionando vivencias y situaciones para fomentar la reflexión y la expresión de experiencias, buscando superar el enfoque del binomio salud-enfermedad.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study examines physical activity patterns among women, from pre-pregnancy to the second trimester of pregnancy, and the relationship between physical activity status based on physical activity guidelines and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depression over pregnancy. 56 healthy pregnant women self-reported physical activity, HRQoL and depression at 10-15 and 19-24 weeks of pregnancy and physical activity before pregnancy. Whereas vigorous leisure physical activity decreased after conception, moderate leisure physical activity and work related physical activity remained stable over time. The prevalence of recommended physical activity was 39.3% and 12.5% in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy respectively, and 14.3% pre-pregnancy. From the 1st to the 2nd pregnancy trimester, most physical HRQoL dimensions scores decreased and only mental component increased, independently of physical activity status. No changes in mean depression scores were observed. These data suggest that physical activity patterns change with pregnancy and that physical and mental components are differentially affected by pregnancy course, independently of physical activity status.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study examines physical activity patterns among women, from pre-pregnancy to the second trimester of pregnancy, and the relationship between physical activity status based on physical activity guidelines and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depression over pregnancy. 56 healthy pregnant women self-reported physical activity, HRQoL and depression at 10-15 and 19-24 weeks of pregnancy and physical activity before pregnancy. Whereas vigorous leisure physical activity decreased after conception, moderate leisure physical activity and work related physical activity remained stable over time. The prevalence of recommended physical activity was 39.3 percent and 12.5 percent in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy respectively, and 14.3 percent pre-pregnancy. From the 1st to the 2nd pregnancy trimester, most physical HRQoL dimensions scores decreased and only mental component increased, independently of physical activity status. No changes in mean depression scores were observed. These data suggest that physical activity patterns change with pregnancy and that physical and mental components are differentially affected by pregnancy course, independently of physical activity status.

Este estudo examina os padrões de atividade física antes da concepção até o segundo trimestre de gravidez e a relação entre o nível de atividade física, com base nas recomendações de atividade física, a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) e depressão ao longo da gravidez. Cinquenta e seis grávidas saudáveis reportaram nível de atividade física, QVRS e depressão às 10-15 e 19-24 semanas de gravidez, além de atividade física antes da concepção. Enquanto a atividade física vigorosa no lazer diminuiu depois da concepção, as atividades físicas moderadas no lazer e no trabalho mantiveram-se estáveis. A prevalência de atividade física recomendada foi de 39,3 por cento, 12,5 por cento e 14,3 por cento antes, no primeiro e no segundo trimestres de gravidez, respectivamente. Independentemente do estatuto de atividade física, a maior parte dos escores nas dimensões físicas da QVRS diminui do primeiro para o segundo trimestre de gestação, e apenas o componente mental aumenta. Não se verificaram alterações nos escores médios de depressão. Estes dados sugerem que, com a gravidez, há alteração nos padrões de atividade física; além disso, os componentes físico e mental são diferentemente afetados pelo curso da gestação, independentemente do nível de atividade física.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Posaconazole (POS) is approved for prophylaxis of Aspergillus and Candida infections in immunocompromised patients and for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Data is limited as step-down therapy after treatment with amphotericin B (AMB). Four cases with refractory mucormycosis who had a favorable response after a change in antifungal therapy to POS are presented. In these four patients, POS demonstrated to be an effective therapeutic option in the management of refractory mucormycosis. Further studies should be conducted to define its role, whether as a single agent or as adjuvant therapy in combination with AMB.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide since the 1960's. For decades the bacteria was almost exclusively associated with healthcare settings. However, community outbreaks have emerged in the 1990's and since then the prevalence of MRSA infections is rapidly increasing in the community. Community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) differs from healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) in terms of its epidemiological, clinical, and bacteriological characteristics. Reports of outbreaks caused by CA-MRSA are usually related to "closed populations". Most outbreaks have been linked with a single-clone strain and affected individuals are otherwise healthy with no known risk factors for acquisition of the bacteria. The spectrum of disease caused by CA-MRSA has changed in recent years and new syndromes vary from minor skin and soft tissue infections to rapidly overwhelming and often fatal infections. Also, CA-MRSA differs from the nosocomial strain regarding the bacteriologic characteristics which include different antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and the presence of certain virulence factors and exotoxins. Because CA-MRSA is generally not multidrug resistant, good therapeutic options are still available. To provide an effective therapy is necessary to first have the clinical suspicion. Therefore, physicians should be aware of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this emergin infection in the community.

Assuntos