RESUMO
The effect of the administration of cobaltous chloride on the degradation of heme IX was investigated using perfusions of isolated rat livers. The presence of biliverdin IX beta (2%) in the bile fluid of cobaltous chloride treated rats support the hypothesis of the presence of a chemical oxidation of heme IX induced by the cobalt salt. In control rats the absence of biliverdin IX beta in the bile fluid was observed. When biliverdin IX beta was added to the perfusate it was excreted in the bile fluid as bilirubin IX beta without conjugation. An increase from approximately twofold to three-fold of the total bilirubins in the bile fluids of cobaltous chloride pretreated rats in relation with control rats was observed due to heme oxygenase enhanced activity. Bilirubin IX alpha diconjugates increased ca. 15% in the bile fluids of cobaltous chloride pretreated rats, after the addition of hemin IX. The increase could reflect the presence of a new molecular form of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, which favours the formation of bilirubin IX alpha diglucuronide and therefore its preferential excretion into the bile. In the bile fluid of the rats pretreated with cobaltous chloride, other diconjugates of bilirubin IX alpha were also detected 120 min after the addition of hemin IX to the perfusate, consisting of glucose and glucuronate (5%) and xylose and glucuronate (5%).
Assuntos
Cobalto/farmacologia , Heme/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Animais , Bile/metabolismo , Bilirrubina/análogos & derivados , Bilirrubina/metabolismo , Glucuronosiltransferase/metabolismo , Técnicas In Vitro , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Estrutura Molecular , Perfusão , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
Forty-eight term infants in a tertiary center in Puerto Rico during 1985-86 were monitored prospectively since birth completing a neuropsychological evaluation using the Mental Developmental Index of Bayley Scales. All infants were free from perinatal complications and chronic diseases by clinical evaluation. 25 infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and 23 adequate for gestational age (AGA) infants were evaluated. Fourteen IUGR infants were controls and eleven IUGR infants were intervened. However, all AGA infants were used as controls. Mother-infant relationship at one month was scored and none of intervened infants had poor neuropsychological behavior with normal or near normal MDI values. Other relationships and possible explanations are discussed in the article.
Assuntos
Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/prevenção & controle , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal , Educação em Saúde , Cuidado do Lactente/métodos , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional , Relações Mãe-Filho , Adulto , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/etiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/etiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/terapia , Feminino , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/complicações , Humanos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Gravação de VideoteipeRESUMO
Fourteen (2.2%) of 645 survivors with birth weight less than or equal to 1500 gm cared for in the Special Care Nursery between 1975 and 1981 were identified as having stage III-IV retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) in one or both eyes. These 14 survivors and 14 controls matched for birth weight have been observed for 2 to 7 years. There were no differences between survivors with RLF and controls in birth weight, gestation, multiple neonatal risk factors, or Hollingshead socioeconomic status. The only significant difference was in prolonged O2 requirements (greater than 2 weeks) (13 of 14 patients vs 7 of 14 control infants (P less than 0.025) and prolonged assisted ventilation requirements (21 +/- 15 for RLF vs 6 +/- 10 days for control infants, P less than 0.05). Follow-up assessments showed that the RLF survivors had a significantly higher incidence of neurologic abnormality, lower developmental quotients, increased requirements for special education, increased number of hospitalizations for illness, and more maternal stress as observed in the mother's adapted Life Experience Survey. We conclude that low-birth-weight infants with stage III-IV RLF are at a higher risk for neurodevelopmental problems and that their families are in need of comprehensive support services.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Retinopatia da Prematuridade/epidemiologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/epidemiologia , Família , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Masculino , Retinopatia da Prematuridade/fisiopatologia , Retinopatia da Prematuridade/psicologia , Apoio Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologiaRESUMO
PIP: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neonatal behavior and prenatal and perinatal risk factors in infants of teenage and older mothers in Puerto Rico and Mainland United States. The sample included approximately 300 newborn infants; half were examined in Puerto Rico, the other half in Florida, using the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. Comparisons by maternal age and the number of obstetrical complications show that for the Puerto Rican group, infants with fewer obstetrical complications are better able to regulate their crying and active states. Infants of teenage mothers with fewer complications had a higher level of arousal than infants of older mothers with fewer complications. Infant behavior in the Mainland sample did not vary by maternal age or complications. Multiple regression analysis indicates that the combination of biomedical variables significantly predicts neonatal behavior in both cultures. Mother's age is not separately correlated with neonatal behavior, but is repeatedly combined with other variables in the significant regressions. The findings suggest that infants of teenage mothers may differ from infants of older mothers, particularly in the organization of state behavior, and that the effects of maternal age on neonatal behavior are increased in the presence of biological outcome factors.^ieng