RESUMO
Four optically active fatty acids hitherto unknown have been discovered in Hydnocarpus wightiana oil. They have been named alepric, aleprylic, aleprestic and aleprolic acids. The characteristics of these new acids and their ethyl esters are given and their relationship to their previously known homologs, hydnocarpic and chaulmoogric acids, is shown.
Assuntos
Chaulmoogra/uso terapêutico , Hansenostáticos/farmacologia , Hansenostáticos/isolamento & purificação , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Various methods of preparing H. wightiana ethyl esters have been investigated with regard to their irritant effect. There is not much variation in irritant effect of esters prepared by the Culion 48-hour method of esterification, our 8-hour method, and the cold sunlight method. In the purification of these esters, neutralization is shown to have the greatest effect in reducing irritation; distillation comes next, and blowing out with steam has the least effect. Even the combination of these three processes yields a product that is too irritating to use without the addition of iodine, creosote, or some other similarly acting substance. This irritation is shown to be due, not to the esters of hydnocarpic and chaulmoogric acids themselves, but, at least in great part, to their decomposition products. Methods of rendering these decomposition products non-irritating without the use of iodine are being investigated.
Assuntos
HanseníaseRESUMO
A method for the purification of chaulmoogra oils is given. It is shown that the time of esterification of chaulmoogra oil is not a reliable criterion for determining the completion of the reaction. Refractive index and optical activity of mixed ethyl esters of Hydnocarpus wightiana oil is given. The factors affecting the rate of esterification are enumerated and discussed. Experiments that show the influence of sulphuric acid on the rate of esterification are recorded. A method for the esterification of chaulmoogra oil in approximately eight hours is described. Apparatus for the esterification of chaulmoogra oil in approximately eight hours is described. Apparatus for the preparation, distillation and purification of the ethyl esters of chaulmoogra oil is described. The method of vacuum distillation of ethyl esters in an iron still is included, with a diagram of the still and directions for its operation. Methods for the preparation of creosoted and iodized esters are given in detail, including precautions to be observed.
Assuntos
Chaulmoogra/análise , Chaulmoogra/história , Chaulmoogra/isolamento & purificação , Hansenostáticos/históriaAssuntos
Hansenostáticos/administração & dosagem , Hansenostáticos/análise , Hansenostáticos/classificação , Hansenostáticos/efeitos adversos , Hansenostáticos/farmacologia , Hansenostáticos/história , Hansenostáticos/síntese química , Hanseníase , Hanseníase/prevenção & controle , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The causes of irritation upon injection of iodized esters of hydnocarpus-group oils are discussed. The shape of the container in wich iodization is accomplished is important. A low (pan) type of vessel rather than a high (breaker) type should be used. Occasional stirring during iodization of the esters is probably beneficial. Continuous vigorous stirring is not necessary. Experiments show that color comparison cannot be utilized as control in the production of standard relatively nonirritating iodized ethyl esters; time and temperature of heating of the esters with the iodine must be used as the basis of control...