RESUMO
Due to its antimicrobial resistance characteristics, the World Health Organization (WHO) classifies A. baumannii as one of the critical priority pathogens for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Vaccination has been approached as an interesting strategy to overcome the lack of effective antimicrobials and the long time required to develop and approve new drugs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate as a vaccine the hypothetical adhesin protein CAM87009.1 in its recombinant format (rCAM87009.1) associated with aluminum hydroxide (Alhydrogel®) or biogenic silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNP) as adjuvant components against lethal infection by A. baumannii MDR strain. Both vaccine formulations were administered in three doses intramuscularly in BALB/c murine models and the vaccinated animals were tested in a challenge assay with A. baumannii MDR strain (DL100). rCAM87009.1 protein associated with both adjuvants was able to protect 100 % of animals challenged with the lethal strain during the challenge period. After the euthanasia of the animals, no A. baumannii colonies were detected in the lungs of animals vaccinated with the rCAM87009.1 protein in both formulations. Since the first immunization, high IgG antibody titers were observed (1:819,200), with results being statistically similar in both vaccine formulations evaluated. rCAM87009.1 associated with both adjuvants was capable of inducing at least one class of isotypes associated with the processes of neutralization (IgG2b and IgA for bio-AgNP and Alhydrogel®, respectively), opsonization (IgG1 in both vaccines) and complement activation (IgM and IgG3 for bio-AgNP and Alhydrogel®, respectively). Furthermore, reduced tissue damage was observed in animals vaccinated with rCAM87009.1 + bio-AgNP when compared to animals vaccinated with Alhydrogel®. Our results indicate that the rCAM87009.1 protein associated with both bio-AgNP and Alhydrogel® are combinations capable of promoting immunity against infections caused by A. baumannii MDR. Additionally, we demonstrate the potential of silver nanoparticles as alternative adjuvant molecules to the use of aluminum salts.
Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter , Acinetobacter baumannii , Adesinas Bacterianas , Adjuvantes Imunológicos , Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Prata , Animais , Prata/administração & dosagem , Prata/farmacologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/imunologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Infecções por Acinetobacter/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Acinetobacter/imunologia , Adesinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/imunologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Vacinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Vacinas Bacterianas/administração & dosagem , Compostos de Alúmen/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a
RESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a
RESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a
RESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a
RESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a
RESUMO
Background: Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Campylobacter spp. isolation from pigs during the slaughter and final products have been reported in several countries, including Brazil. However, very little is known about the sources of contamination in the slaughtering flowchart and how these microorganisms are spread in processing plants. Considering the possibility of the pigs carry Campylobacter spp. since the farm or its products are contaminated in the slaughterhouse, this study had as aim to track Campylobacter spp. in pig slaughtering flowchart to understand the behavior of these pathogens in the production line.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty animals of 10 lots, four from each lot, were followed during slaughter. Stool samples were collected from the floor of each enclosure where the pigs were housed on the farm and immediately after stunning on slaughterhouse. Samples from carcass surface were collected after removal of the animals from scrap machine, after evisceration and before the refrigeration chamber. It was also collected surface samples from jowls and samples from the scalding tank water before and after the passage of animals. The swabs containing samples were plated onto Columbia agar supplemented with activated charcoal, oxygen reduction solution and antibiotics supplement, and incubated a