RESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity with IOTF and WHO criteria among indigenous school youth from the state of Oaxaca, southern Mexico. METHODS: The sample included 11 454 indigenous youth (6216 boys, 5238 girls) 6-14 years of age. Heights and weights were measured in 2007 by trained staff. BMIs were calculated and classified as severely thin, moderately thin, normal, overweight or obese using age- and sex-specific IOTF and WHO cut-offs. Prevalence, percentage agreement between classifications, Spearman rank order correlations and Kappa coefficients were calculated. RESULTS: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher with WHO than IOTF criteria, while prevalence of severe and moderate thinness did not appreciably differ between criteria. Weight status with the two criteria was discordant in 839 boys (13.5%) and 383 girls (7.3%) and more often for overweight and obesity than thinness. Percentage agreement, correlations and Kappa coefficients were moderate-to-high and were higher in girls than boys. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among indigenous youth in Oaxaca was higher with WHO than IOTF criteria, whereas prevalence of severe and moderate thinness was similar. Differences in estimates for overweight and obesity have implications for surveillance.
Assuntos
Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Magreza/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Caracteres SexuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Information on secular change in indigenous children in Oaxaca, southern Mexico, is limited. AIM: To evaluate secular change in heights and weights of indigenous school children 6-14 years in four regions of the state of Oaxaca between the 1970s and 2007. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Heights and weights of 2897 (1419 boys, 1478 girls) and 4305 (2368 boys, 1937 girls) school children 6-14 years of age were measured in the 1970s (1971-1978) and 2007, respectively. The sample was from 18 communities in the 1970s and from 58 communities in 2007 in four regions of Oaxaca. Sex-specific MANCOVA, with age of the child and altitude of each community as covariates, was used to compare size attained in the 1970s and 2007 in two age groups: 6-9 years and 10-14 years. RESULTS: Indigenous Oaxaca school children are taller and heavier in 2007 than the 1970s. Secular gains are larger in youth of 10-14 years than in children of 6-9 years, while sex differences are small. CONCLUSION: Improved growth status between the 1970s and 2007 presumably reflects better health and nutritional conditions in indigenous communities of Oaxaca. Mean heights in 2007, however, only approximate 5(th) percentiles of the US reference.
Assuntos
Estatura/fisiologia , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Grupos Populacionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Criança , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Geografia , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Padrões de Referência , Características de Residência , Tamanho da Amostra , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between community well-being based on an index of marginalization and growth status of indigenous rural school children in Oaxaca. METHODS: Heights and weights of a cross-sectional sample of 11,454 children, 6-14 years, from schools for indigenous rural children (escuelas albergue) in 158 municipios in Oaxaca were measured in 2007. Tertiles of an index of marginalization were used to classify the 158 municipios into three categories of community well-being: lowest (highest marginalization), low, and moderate (lowest marginalization). Multivariate analysis of covariance, controlling for age, relative isolation and population size, was used to compare body size of children by category of community well-being. Contributions of marginalization, isolation and population size to variation in body size were estimated with sex-specific linear regression. RESULTS: Children from municipios lowest in well-being were shorter and lighter than children from municipios low and moderate in well-being. Marginalization and relative isolation accounted for 23% (boys) and 21% (girls) of the variance in height and for 21% of the variance in weight of girls. Marginalization was the predictor of weight in boys (23%). CONCLUSION: Community well-being was reflected in the growth status of rural indigenous school children. Compromised growth status was consistent with poor health and nutritional conditions that were and are characteristic of rural areas in the state of Oaxaca.