RESUMO
PIP: The authors identify some variables associated with the adoption and continuation of contraception in Mexico. The focus is on determinants of choice of different methods, as well as the impact of selected socioeconomic and demographic factors and the influence of institutions providing family planning services on choice of method.^ieng
Assuntos
Comportamento Contraceptivo , Anticoncepção , Demografia , Planejamento em Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Fatores Socioeconômicos , América , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , América Latina , México , América do Norte , Organização e Administração , PopulaçãoRESUMO
PIP: The notion that government intervention is essential for establishing a rational course of population development has persisted throughout the evolution of population policy in Mexico and has been reflected in the search for mechanisms to assure appearance of the desired demographic profile. Political will is, however, constrained by the requirement that policy and programs respect human rights, and by the considerable inertia in population dynamics resulting from previous conditions. Examination of population policies and programs announced by Mexico since 1977 shows more similarities than differences. All three programs state that the general objective is to raise the level of living of the population. Modifications have occurred in the programmatic instruments intended to carry out policy. Family planning appeared as the central focus of the first program, but by the third National Population Program in 1980-84, it had become a subprogram and the central focus was on the relation between population and development. Other needs initially relegated to secondary status, such as mortality reduction in specific groups, have assumed greater importance. The belief persists that slowing population growth will favorably affect national development and well being. But recent history demonstrates that living conditions of the population obey the logic of the economic development model and distribution of wealth.^ieng
Assuntos
Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Programas Governamentais , Controle da População , Política Pública , América , Países em Desenvolvimento , América Latina , México , América do Norte , Organização e AdministraçãoRESUMO
PIP: Contraception has become the principle factor in Mexico's fertility drop during the past 15 years. Between 1976-82, 47.7% of married women in the population used contraception. The national policy established a growth rate of 1.9% for 1988 implying a global fertility rate of 3.1, with a 58% utilization rate; results of the 1987 Demographic and Health Survey demonstrated that Mexico achieved a fertility rate of 3.8 and a 52.7% utilization rate. In Mexico fertility is perceived as the key variable that can change the demographic profile of the country with family planning as the means of changing people's value systems and controlling the growth of the population. In Mexico, regional characteristics determine the number of children couples decide to have. There are 4 groups of behavior: 1) the Northeast (63%) and Northwest (70%) which have accurate statistical data, share borders with the US and are economically developed; 2) the North Zone of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and the 3 regions on the coast (Gulf 54%; South Center 51%; and Center 55%); 3) the North Center (46%); and 4) the Southeastern region (32%) with the lowest prevalence rates in the country. There is a need to modify the demographic rationale of determining targets towards a more social/historical perspective that acknowledges regional differences in a country and allows new interest in understanding the reproductive behavior of women and couples.^ieng