RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the percentage of consumers who read nutrition labels and the association between reading the labels and sociodemographic variables, and to identify suggestions from consumers to make nutrition labels more effective as a source of information. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study carried out in 2008, 368 adults randomly selected from 23 supermarkets in the city of Natal, Brazil, were interviewed. Data were obtained through a semistructured questionnaire including eight closed questions and 10 open questions. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 40.99 years (± 13.58). The interviews showed that 94.6% of the participants read the nutrition labels and that 96.8% considered the labels important or very important; however, only 3.8% stated that they fully understand the labels. There was a significant association between being motivated to read food labels to make healthier choices (35.7%) and higher family income and schooling (P < 0.0001). The measures mentioned by study participants to increase readability and usage included having qualified professionals provide guidance concerning the labels in supermarkets (73.9%) and disseminating through the media information on food labels, what they are, why they are important, and their role (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Consumers did use the labels for nutritional guidance, especially those with higher income and schooling. However, the need to improve the labels was evident, as was the importance of providing opportunities for consumers to learn about the nutritional characteristics of food products.
Assuntos
Rotulagem de Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , População UrbanaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar a porcentagem de consumidores que consultam a declaração nutricional nos rótulos dos alimentos e a associação entre essa consulta e variáveis sociodemográficas; e identificar sugestões dos consumidores para que a declaração nutricional seja mais eficaz como instrumento de informação. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo transversal realizado em 2008, 368 adultos foram entrevistados na Cidade de Natal, Brasil, selecionados aleatoriamente em 23 supermercados. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de um questionário semiestruturado, composto de oito perguntas fechadas e 10 questões abertas. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 40,99 anos (± 13,58). Dos entrevistados, 94,6 por cento consultavam os rótulos e 96,8 por cento consideravam a declaração nutricional importante e muito importante, mas somente 3,8 por cento declararam que compreendiam totalmente a declaração nutricional. A verificação da declaração nutricional com a finalidade de fazer escolhas alimentares mais saudáveis (35.7 por cento) associou-se de forma significativa com o nível de escolaridade e a renda familiar (P < 0,0001). As medidas sugeridas para que a declaração nutricional seja melhor compreendida e utilizada foram principalmente orientação sobre a declaração nutricional realizada por profissionais qualificados nos supermercados (73,9 por cento) e divulgação na mídia sobre o que é a informação nutricional, sua importância e finalidade (42,9 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: Os consumidores utilizavam a declaração nutricional para orientação nutricional, especialmente na presença de renda e escolaridade mais elevadas. Entretanto, fica evidente a necessidade de melhorar os rótulos e promover mais oportunidades para a aprendizagem sobre as características nutricionais dos produtos industrializados.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the percentage of consumers who read nutrition labels and the association between reading the labels and sociodemographic variables, and to identify suggestions from consumers to make nutrition labels more effective as a source of information. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study carried out in 2008, 368 adults randomly selected from 23 supermarkets in the city of Natal, Brazil, were interviewed. Data were obtained through a semistructured questionnaire including eight closed questions and 10 open questions. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 40.99 years (± 13.58). The interviews showed that 94.6 percent of the participants read the nutrition labels and that 96.8 percent considered the labels important or very important; however, only 3.8 percent stated that they fully understand the labels. There was a significant association between being motivated to read food labels to make healthier choices (35.7 percent) and higher family income and schooling (P < 0.0001). The measures mentioned by study participants to increase readability and usage included having qualified professionals provide guidance concerning the labels in supermarkets (73.9 percent) and disseminating through the media information on food labels, what they are, why they are important, and their role (42.9 percent). CONCLUSIONS: Consumers did use the labels for nutritional guidance, especially those with higher income and schooling. However, the need to improve the labels was evident, as was the importance of providing opportunities for consumers to learn about the nutritional characteristics of food products.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Rotulagem de Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , População UrbanaRESUMO
This study aimed at reviewing the Brazilian legislation applied to occupational health. It refers to the diseases embodied in the Repetition Strain Injury (RSI) and Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD) regarded as work or professional diseases. This analysis allowed to perform the historical evolution of legislation concerning the issue, noting that the state of the art of regulation on RSI-CTD is anchored in specific regulation present in the Normative Instruction 98/2003, that establishes the diagnostic criteria and classification of RSI-CTD. It was concluded that according to the existing legislation in Brazil, the pathologies related to RSI-CTD are considered as work diseases and their legal effects are similar to the work-related accidents.
Assuntos
Transtornos Traumáticos Cumulativos , Doenças Profissionais , Saúde Ocupacional/legislação & jurisprudência , Brasil , HumanosRESUMO
Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a Legislação Brasileira aplicada à saúde do trabalhador no que se refere ao enquadramento das patologias englobadas nas Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos (LER) e nos Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) como doenças do trabalho ou doenças profissionais. A presente análise permitiu delinear a evolução histórica da legislação referente ao tema, observando-se que o estado da arte da regulamentação sobre as LER-DORT encontra-se ancorado em norma específica disposta na Instrução Normativa98/2003, a qual estabelece os critérios diagnósticos, periciais e de classificação das LER-DORT. Conclui-seque, de acordo com a legislação vigente no Brasil, as patologias correlacionadas com as LER-DORT devem ser consideradas como doenças do trabalho e seus efeitos jurídicos são equiparados ao acidente do trabalho.
Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Ocupacional , Transtornos Traumáticos CumulativosRESUMO
The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to evaluate the presence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among dental students in two Brazilian dental schools. The sample included 227 randomized subjects from fifth to ninth semesters who were developing clinical activities. Each student signed an informed consent form. A self-reporting questionnaire was used to obtain data on the practice of physical exercise, the presence of pain during or soon after treating patients, and the adoption of preventive measures related to clinical activities. Results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 13.0. The chi(2) test was used to identify associations between variables. The presence of pain during or after clinical work was reported by 173 participants (76.2 percent). Statistically significant differences were found between gender and the occurrence of pain. Pain was present during clinical activities (p=0.006) and imposed limitations on the work routine (p=0.011). Among those who practiced physical exercise, eighty-eight (74.6 percent) reported pain. The high percentage of pain reported by dental students suggests the value of reviewing work conditions in dental practices in order to minimize the exposure of all workers to WMSD.
Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Dor/etiologia , Estudantes de Odontologia , Adulto , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Transtornos Traumáticos Cumulativos/complicações , Transtornos Traumáticos Cumulativos/prevenção & controle , Ergonomia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/complicações , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/complicações , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Postura , Terapia de Relaxamento , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
O presente artigo trata da utilização da Internet pelos idosos como um novo espaço de práticas sociais entre outros meios de comunicação e interação sociológica. O tema surgiu a partir de um estudo de Doutorado sobre a vida asilar de idosos em um abrigo em João Pessoa, Paraíba, provocando a necessidade de proporcionar envolvimentoe ocupação dos albergados com o mundo exterior através das novas tecnologias. A Internet, como espaço sociológico,prova que é possível agregar pessoas de todas as idades em diferentes espaços de sociabilidades. Essa rede de comunicação, proporcionada pela tecnologia, tem sido a grande porta de acesso dos idosos a uma área que, até então, era exclusiva a pessoas de menor idade. Essa abertura insere e adapta uma nova geração de pessoas ativas e conectadas que confere a grande revolução da terceira idade. Esse artigo testifica desse fenômeno sociológico da cibercultura.
This article is about the use of Internet by the elderly as a new space of social practices among other means of communication and sociological interaction. The subject arose from a PhD study on the life of the elderly in an old people´s home in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil, and the need to involve and keep them busy with the outside world through new technologies. The Internet as a sociological space demonstrates that it is possible to gather people of all ages in different spaces of sociability. This communication network created by technology has become the entrance for the elderly to an environment that until now had onlybeen visited by younger people. This opening leads to a revolution, since it enables the elderly to become active and be connected. This article provides evidence on the sociological phenomenon of cyber culture.
El presente artículo discurre sobre la utilización de Internet por parte de adultos mayores como un nuevo espacio de prácticas sociales, entre otros medios de comunicación e interacción sociológica. El tema surgió a partir de un estudio de Doctorado sobre la vida en un asilo de ancianos en un hogar de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, en el que se hizo necesario involucrar y ocupar a sus residentes con el mundo exterior a través de nuevas tecnologías. Internet como espacio sociológico demuestra que es posible reunir a personas de todas las edades en diferentes espacios de sociabilidades. Esta red de comunicación que la tecnología ofreceha sido la gran puerta de acceso de los adultos mayores a un área que, hasta entonces, era exclusiva de personas más jóvenes. Estaapertura involucra y adapta una nueva generación de personas activas y conectadas llevando a la gran revolución de la tercera edad. Este artículo testimonia este fenómeno sociológico de la cibercultura.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Envelhecimento , Idoso , Internet , Instituição de Longa Permanência para IdososRESUMO
This article is about the use of Internet by the elderly as a new space of social practices among other means of communication and sociological interaction. The subject arose from a PhD study on the life of the elderly in an old people's home in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil and the need to involve and keep them busy with the outside world through new technologies. The Internet as a sociological space demonstrates that it is possible to gather people of all ages in different spaces of sociability. This communication network created by technology has become the entrance for the elderly to an environment that until now had only been visited by younger people. This opening leads to a revolution, since it enables the elderly to become active and be connected. This article provides evidence on the sociological phenomenon of cyber culture.