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1.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 24(7): 805-10, 2012 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22546752

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of metabolic syndrome has increased in Mexico and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common complication. The authors aimed to evaluate the role of hepatic enzymes as biomarkers for NAFLD in patients presenting metabolic syndrome. METHODS: We studied 193 nondiabetic individuals with metabolic syndrome identified from a population-based cross-sectional survey. To identify NAFLD, real-time gray-scale abdominal ultrasound was performed, and the right, left, and caudate hepatic lobules were observed to assess the size, echogenicity, and borders of the liver. All individuals answered a questionnaire for risk factors, and anthropometric measures and blood pressure were obtained. The concentration of hepatic enzymes and insulin in blood was measured and the Homeostatic Model Assessment index was calculated. RESULTS: A total of 160 individuals were identified as presenting NAFLD (82.9%). Body weight, BMI, and the waist-hip ratio increased as a direct result of the presence and severity of fatty liver. A similar situation was observed in the levels of triglyceride and hepatic enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), basal insulin level, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment index. In a multivariate model, the variables associated with the occurrence of NAFLD were sex, triglyceride and GGT levels, and obesity. CONCLUSION: The main factors that predict the occurrence of NAFLD are levels of triglyceride and GGT in the blood, as well as obesity. The accumulation of fat in the liver, in addition to increased oxidation and oxidative stress at the hepatic level, may be the mechanisms through which these factors increase the risk of NAFLD.


Assuntos
Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , gama-Glutamiltransferase/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Antropometria , Biomarcadores/sangue , Índice de Massa Corporal , Ensaios Enzimáticos Clínicos/métodos , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado Gorduroso/etiologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Ultrassonografia Doppler Dupla
2.
Liberabit ; 16(2): 153-160, ago.-dic. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1109135

RESUMO

La investigación tiene como propósito describir los efectos de observar videograbaciones de las interacciones madrehijo, estudiante-madre, estudiante-profesor, así como de la construcción de la historia de vida de madres de niños con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE) y de los estudiantes de psicología que las atienden. Se realizaron metaobservaciones de la información aportada por las videograbaciones y las historias de vida, reflexionando sobre: 1) el impacto de reconocer las múltiples dimensiones presentes en la vida de los estudiantes; en ellos mismos y en sus profesores; 2) los efectos de esta metodología en la comprensión de la complejidad del desarrollo infantil y las múltiples dimensiones involucradas en él; 3) las posibilidades de facilitar en los estudiantes la comprensión del desarrollo de los niños con NEE y potencializar su intervención en estos casos; 4) la riqueza de la metodología cualitativa para la formación profesional de psicólogos.


This research intended to describe the effects of the observation videotape of mother-child, parent-student, student-teacher interactions and the mothers' life history receiving counseling for the care of their children with special educational needs, also the life history of students of psychology that provide that service to mothers. Meta observations were made based on the information provided by the videotape and the life stories, reflecting about: 1) the impact of the recognition of the multiple dimensions present in the life of students, for themselves and their teachers, 2) the effects of this methodology in understanding the complexity of child development and the multiple dimensions involved, 3) the possibility for students facility to understand the development of children and potentiate the intervention with them; 4) the wealth of qualitative methodology for the training of psychologists.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Biografias como Assunto , Docentes , Educação Inclusiva , Estudantes , Observação , Psicologia , Relações Mãe-Filho
3.
Med. interna Méx ; 13(4): 179-84, jul.-ago. 1997. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227023

RESUMO

Las cohortes son estudios epidemiológicos descritivos, que se efectúan en un universo conocido en el cual todos sus miembros comparten una característica, pero que al momento de reunirlos por primera vez, ninguno ha presentado el acontecimiento que interesa estudiar; diferencian a los individuos en grupos de expuestos o no expuestos y requieren una observación detallada durante todo su desarrollo por ser parte de la historia natural de la enfermedad en cuestión. Pueden calificarse como propectivas (concurrentes), retrospectivas (históricas), o bidireccionales de acuerdo con el momento en que sucede la exposición en relación con la observación; existe una modalidad especial conocida como casos y controles incluidos en una cohorte. Sirven para estudiar la relación causa-efecto o hablar de asociaciones confiables, por lo que pueden ser útiles para evaluar el riesgo y el pronóstico


Assuntos
Estudos de Coortes , Coleta de Dados , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Métodos , Viés de Seleção
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