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Cetacean morbillivirus is an etiologic agent associated with strandings of live and dead cetacean species occurring sporadically or as epizootics worldwide. We report 2 cases of cetacean morbillivirus in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Brazil and describe the anatomopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characterization findings in the specimens.

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BACKGROUND: This study explored the performance of surgeons for predicting radiological sarcopenia as accessed by psoas cross-sectional area in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out and a diagnostic accuracy strategy was applied using the radiologist team assessment as gold standard. RESULTS: Cohort analysis of 45 consecutive patients found that 31.1% had sarcopenia. Correlation of Total Psoas Index between radiologists and surgeons was very strong for the Junior and strong for the Senior surgeon, with a strong correlation between the surgeons. By the simplistic criterion, agreement between radiologists and surgeons was substantial for both the Junior and Senior surgeons, with a moderate level between the surgeons. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of Junior surgeon were 92.9%, 83.9%, 72.2%, 96.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. The corresponding results for the Senior surgeon were 78.6%, 90.3%, 78.6%, 90.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. We found no major differences on agreement levels and performance of surgeons using the composite criterion. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons seem to be accurate for identifying radiological sarcopenia in patients with CRC. The simplistic criterion should be preferred since a composite criterion adds complexity without increasing accuracy or agreement levels.

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Sticky-colored labels are an efficient way to communicate visual information. However, most labels are static. Here, we propose a new category of dynamic sticky labels that change structural colors when stretched. The sticky mechanochromic labels can be pasted on flexible surfaces such as fabric and rubber or even on brittle materials. To enhance their applicability, we demonstrate a simple method for imprinting structural color patterns that are either always visible or reversibly revealed or concealed upon mechanical deformation. The mechanochromic patterns are imprinted with a photomask during the ultraviolet (UV) cross-linking of acrylate-terminated cholesteric liquid crystal oligomers in a single step at room temperature. The photomask locally controls the cross-linking degree and volumetric response of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs). A nonuniform thickness change induced by the Poisson's ratio contrast between the pattern and the surrounding background might lead to a color-separation effect. Our sticky multicolor mechanochromic labels may be utilized in stress-strain sensing, building environments, smart clothing, security labels, and decoration.

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We describe an unusual outbreak of mortality in suckling piglets following the misadministration of an oral vaccine against Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Choleraesuis. Within 3-48 h of vaccination of a batch of ~700 piglets, ~300 developed marked swelling in the dorsal neck region, respiratory distress, fever, recumbency, and apathy. In total, ~100 died, and 4 were submitted for autopsy. Gross and microscopic lesions consisted of focally extensive areas of purple discoloration in the skin of the cervical region, associated with edema and hemorrhage in the subcutis and muscles. Additionally, there was interstitial pneumonia with marked interlobular edema and mild fibrinous pleuritis. Aerobic bacterial culture identified Salmonella Typhimurium (3 cases) and Salmonella Choleraesuis (1 case) in samples of skeletal muscle and lung and from pleural swab samples. Marked immunostaining against Salmonella spp. was observed in the skeletal muscle of the cervical region, as well as in blood vessels and macrophages from the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. We concluded that inappropriate intramuscular administration of an oral vaccine against Salmonella resulted in septicemia and death in a batch of piglets.

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Meningioangiomatosis (MA) is a rare proliferative meningovascular disorder that affects mainly the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord of humans and animals and can coexist with other proliferative disorders. A 7.5-year-old male Brazilian Campeiro Bulldog died after a convulsive crisis and cardiorespiratory arrest. At necropsy, a firm, white mass involving the piriform and right occipital lobes was seen. Histologically, the mass consisted of two morphologically distinct entities that collided: a congenital malformation characterized by a proliferation of meningothelial cells around blood vessels, within the perivascular spaces; and a neoplasm composed of two cell populations with astrocytic and oligodendrocytic differentiation. Meningothelial cells and neoplastic glial cells immunolabelled for vimentin. This first reported case of encephalic MA with a high-grade undefined glioma in a dog was confirmed through clinical signs, pathological and immunohistochemical findings.

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Background: The Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) assesses posterior-cortical and frontal-subcortical cognitive functioning and distinguishes mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI); however, it was not evaluated in Brazil. Objectives: To investigate PD-CRS's reliability, validity, normative data, and accuracy for PD-MCI screening in Brazil. Methods: The effects of age, education, and sex on PD-CRS scores were explored. The instrument was tested in 714 individuals (53% female, 21-94 years), with a broad range of education and no neurodegenerative disorder. Trail Making, Consonant Trigrams, Five-Point, and semantic fluency tests were administered for comparison. A second study enrolled patients with PD and intact cognition (n = 44, 59.75 ± 10.79 years) and with PD-MCI (n = 25, 65.76 ± 10.33 years) to investigate criterion validity. PD-CRS subtests were compared with the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Battery memory and executive tasks. Results: PD-CRS was unidimensional and reliable (McDonald's ω = 0.83). Using robust multiple regressions, age, and education predicted the total and derived scores in the normative sample. At the 85-point cutoff, PD-MCI was detected with 68% sensitivity and 86% specificity (area under the curve = 0.870). PD-CRS scores strongly correlated with executive and verbal/visual memory tests in both normative and clinical samples. Conclusions: This study investigated the applicability of PD-CRS in the Brazilian context. The scale seems helpful in screening for PD-MCI, with adequate internal consistency and construct validity. The PD-CRS variance is influenced by age and educational level, a critical issue for cognitive testing in countries with educational and cultural heterogeneity.

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Objective: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by its clinical variability and complexity in diagnosis and treatment. We performed both clinical and molecular descriptions of four families with MEN1 in a follow-up at a tertiary center in Brasília. Methods: From a preliminary review of approximately 500 medical records of patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) from the database of the Neuroendocrinology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital of Brasília, a total of 135 patients met the criteria of at least two affected family members. From this cohort, we have identified 34 families: only four with a phenotype of MEN1 and the other 30 families with the phenotype of familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA). Eleven patients with a clinical diagnosis of MEN1 from these four families were selected. Results: Variants in MEN1 gene were identified in all families. One individual from each family underwent genetic testing using targeted high-throughput sequencing (HTS). All patients had primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), and the second most common manifestation was PitNET. One individual had well-differentiated liposarcoma, which has been previously reported in a single case of MEN1. Three variants previously described in the database and a novel variant in exon 2 have been found. Conclusions: The study allowed the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of families with MEN1 in a follow-up at a tertiary center in Brasília.

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This paper describes the design and construction of dual microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (dual-µPADs) as a lab-on-paper platform involving a "do-it-yourself" fabrication protocol. The device comprises a colorimetric and electrochemical module to obtain a dual-mode signal readout sensing strategy. A 3D pen polymeric resin was used to prepare graphite carbon-based electrodes and hydrophobic barriers on paper substrates. The proposed carbon-based ink was employed to manufacture electrodes on paper based on a stencil-printing approach, which were further characterized by electrochemical and morphological analyses. The analytical performance of the dual-µPADs was simultaneously evaluated for lactate, pH, nitrite, and salivary amylase (sAA) analysis. To demonstrate the proof-of-concept, saliva samples collected from both healthy individuals and those with periodontitis were successfully tested to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed devices. Samples collected from individuals previously diagnosed with periodontitis showed high levels of nitrite and sAA (> 94 µmol L-1 and > 610 U mL-1) in comparison with healthy individuals (≤ 16 µmol L-1 and 545 U mL-1). Moreover, periodontitis saliva resulted in acid solution and almost null lactate levels. Notably, this protocol supplies a simple way to manufacture dual-µPADs, a versatile platform for sensitive detecting of biomarkers in saliva playing a crucial role towards the point-of-care diagnosis of periodontal disease.

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This study describes the development of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) using carbon-based paste combining silicone glue and graphite powder. The ePADs were manufactured using the screen-printing technique, which consisted of depositing the conductive ink on a screencast on the paper surface. In addition, an alternative electrical connector was designed and 3D-printed to make the detection method cheaper, portable and reproducible. The morphological, structural, and electrochemical properties of the conductive material developed were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The ePADs combined with the alternative connector revealed high repeatability, reproducibility, and stable responses considering a well-known redox probe ([Fe(CN)6]4-/3-). In addition, the proposed ePAD provided a linear response for standard solutions of ascorbic acid (AA) in the concentration range between 0.1 and 2.0 mmol L-1. The achieved limit of detection was 4.0 µmol L-1. As proof of applicability, the ePADs were evaluated for AA analysis in synthetic biofluids (blood plasma and urine), vitamin C tablets, and food (gelatine and orange juice) samples. The analytical parameters of the proposed device were compared with other reports in the literature and exhibited similar or even superior performance, highlighting its feasibility for sensing applications.

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O hipoadrenocorticismo canino é uma endocrinopatia caracterizada, na sua forma mais comum, pela deficiência de glicocorticoides e mineralocorticoides. Pacientes não tratados podem desenvolver a forma aguda da doença (crise addisoniana), apresentação grave com risco de óbito, caso não sejam realizadas as intervenções adequadas. Entre as alterações apresentadas estão: distúrbios eletrolíticos (como hiponatremia, hipercalemia, hiperfosfatemia e hipercalcemia), desequilíbrio hídrico (desidratação e choque hipovolêmico) e acidobásico. Fluidoterapia intravenosa adequada é a base do manejo inicial da crise addisoniana, que irá reestabelecer o volume intravascular e hidratação, reduzindo a concentração sérica de fósforo e potássio, a acidose lática, a azotemia pré-renal e a acidose metabólica. A reposição de glicocorticoides também contribui para a normalização dessas alterações. Entre as possíveis complicações do tratamento está a mielinólise pontina, decorrente de aumento rápido na concentração sérica de sódio. Diante disso, o conhecimento dos distúrbios associados à essa endocrinopatia auxilia na suspeição e manejo adequado da doença.(AU)

Canine hypoadrenocorticism is an endocrinopathy characterized, in its most common form, by glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency, often resulting from immune-mediated destruction of the adrenal glands. Untreated patients may develop the acute form of the disease (Addisonian crisis), a severe presentation with a risk of death if appropriate interventions are not performed. Among the changes presented are: electrolyte disorders (such as hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia), water imbalance (dehydration and hypovolemic shock) and acid-base disorder. Adequate intravenous fluid therapy is the basis for the initial management of Addisonian crisis, which will restore intravascular volume and hydration, reducing serum phosphorus and potassium concentrations, lactic acidosis, pre-renal azotemia and metabolic acidosis. Glucocorticoid replacement also contributes to the normalization of these changes. Among the possible complications of the treatment is pontine myelinolysis, resulting from a rapid increase in serum sodium concentration. In view of this, knowledge of the disorders associated with this endocrinopathy helps in the suspicion and adequate management of the disease.(AU)

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Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e clínico de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas admitidas entre 2018 e 2019 em um hospital de referência em Pernambuco. Métodos: Trata-se de um corte transversal envolvendo 310 crianças com cardiopatias congênitas. Foram obtidos dados epidemiológicos e clínicos em prontuários através de formulários padronizados. Houve tabulação em planilha Excel e análise estatística descritiva por meio do Software SPSS 25. Resultados: Verificou-se média de 21,69 meses de idade e predominância do sexo masculino (55,5%). Os principais fatores de risco maternos foram infecção durante a gestação (21,3%) e idade avançada (15,8%). Dentre as doenças crônicas, destacaram-se hipertensão arterial (6,1%) e diabetes mellitus (4,2%). Os predisponentes do paciente foram prematuridade (16,1%), baixo peso ao nascer (17,7%), trissomia do 21 (17,7%) e malformações extracardíacas (7,1%). Sinais e sintomas respiratórios constituíram o principal motivo de hospitalização, sendo registradas dispneia (55,8%), tosse (30,3%) e alterações de ausculta pulmonar (16,1%). Também motivou o internamento a presença de cianose (20,3%). O sopro cardíaco se apresentou na maioria dos pacientes (80,0%). Em percentual relevante dos casos, o diagnóstico ocorreu durante a hospitalização (16,8%). Conclusão: O conhecimento acerca do perfil das cardiopatias congênitas auxilia o diagnóstico, sendo necessária a ampliação do conhecimento científico nesta temática... (AU)

Objetivo: Describir el perfil epidemiológico y clínico de niños con cardiopatías congénitas ingresados entre 2018 y 2019 en un hospital de referencia de Pernambuco. Métodos: estudio transversal con 310 niños con cardiopatías congénitas. Los datos epidemiológicos y clínicos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas mediante formularios estandarizados. Se realizó tabulación en planilla de Excel y análisis estadístico descriptivo con el Software SPSS 25. Resultados: La edad media fue 21,69 meses y predominio del sexo masculino (55,5%). Los principales factores de riesgo maternos fueron infección durante el embarazo (21,3%) y edad avanzada (15,8%). Las principales enfermedades crónicas fueron hipertensión arterial (6,1%) y diabetes mellitus (4,2%). Los predisponentes del paciente fueron prematuridad (16,1%), bajo peso al nacer (17,7%), trisomía 21 (17,7%) y malformaciones extracardiacas (7,1%). Signos y síntomas respiratorios fueron el principal motivo de hospitalización, con disnea (55,8%), tos (30,3%) y alteraciones en la auscultación pulmonar (16,1%). Cianosis (20,3%) también motivó la hospitalización. El soplo cardíaco estuvo presente en la mayoría de los pacientes (80,0%). En un porcentaje relevante de casos, el diagnóstico se produjo durante la hospitalización (16,8%). Conclusión: El conocimiento sobre el perfil de las cardiopatías congénitas ayuda al diagnóstico, siendo necesario ampliar el conocimiento científico sobre este tema... (AU)

Objective: Describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of children with congenital heart diseases admitted between 2018 and 2019 to a referencial hospital in Pernambuco. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 310 children with congenital cardiopathy. The data was obtained in the medical charts, using standardized forms. Tabulation was made in an Excel spreadsheet and descriptive statistical analysis done through SPSS 25 Software. Results: The average age was 21,69 months and most patients were male (55,5%). The main risk factors were infection during pregnancy (21,3%) and advanced age (15,8%). Among chronic diseases, hypertension (6,1%) and diabetes mellitus (4,2%) stood out. Predisposing factors related to the patient were prematurity (16,1%), low weight at birth (17,7%), trisomy 21 (17,7%) and extracardiac malformations (7,1%). Respiratory signs and symptoms were the main cause of hospitalization, such as dyspnea (55,8%), cough (30,3%) and changes in pulmonary auscultation (16,1%). Cyanosis also motivated admission (20,3%). Most patients presented heart murmur (80%). In a significant amount of cases, the diagnosis was made during the hospital admission (16,8%). Conclusion: the awareness about the profile of congenital heart diseases helps the diagnosis, and is necessary to expand scientific knowledge on this topic... (AU)

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Objetivou-se discorrer sobre bactérias resistentes a antibióticos veiculadas em ambientes aquáticos, considerando os mecanismos, formas de aquisição e os efeitos à produção animal. A utilização de antibióticos para fins profiláticos, terapêuticos e agropecuários cresceu em larga escala nos últimos anos, levando à perda de eficiência no combate a patógenos. A crise atual dos antibióticos é decorrente de uma falha geral em compreender de forma abrangente a evolução, as fontes, a disseminação e os mecanismos moleculares da resistência, pois os reservatórios ambientais potenciais e suas diversidades genéticas de resistência associadas geralmente não são considerados no desenvolvimento de drogas. Assim, a pressão de seleção aplicada pelos antibióticos em diversos ambientes tem promovido a evolução e disseminação de genes de resistência bacteriana em escala mundial, nos mais variados tipos de ambientes. Resíduos antibióticos persistem no solo e em ambientes aquáticos, este último, atuando como importante reservatório de bactérias, facilitando a troca de material genético entre bactérias ambientais e patogênicas e permitindo a disseminação de genes e modificações no resistoma ambiental. Desta forma, existe uma preocupação tanto para a medicina humana quanto a veterinária devido a diversidade de doenças causadas em humanos e animais domésticos por bactérias multirresistentes. Entender as origens, diversidade e mecanismos de resistência com potencial para impactar animais de produção é de grande importância para identificar os riscos associados a interação entre bactérias de diferentes ecossistemas e o impacto destas à produção animal, seja pelo comprometimento da saúde dos animais e/ou pela contaminação dos produtos produzidos por estes e consequentes danos à saúde humana.

The present review aimed to discuss antibiotic-resistant bacteria transmitted in aquatic environments, regarding the mechanisms, forms of acquisition, and the effects on animal production. The use of antibiotics for prophylactic, therapeutic, and agricultural purposes has grown on a large scale in recent years, leading to a loss of efficiency in combating pathogens. The current antibiotic crisis arises from a general failure to comprehensively understand the evolution, sources, dissemination, and molecular mechanisms of resistance, as potential environmental reservoirs and their associated resistance genetic diversity are generally not considered in drug development. Thus, the selection pressure applied by antibiotics in different environments has promoted the evolution and dissemination of bacterial resistance genes on a worldwide scale, in the most varied types of environments. Antibiotic residues persist in soil and aquatic environments, the latter acting as an important reservoir of bacteria, facilitating the exchange of genetic material between environmental and pathogenic bacteria and allowing the dissemination of genes and modifications in the environmental resistome. Thus, there is a concern for both human and veterinary medicine due to the diversity of diseases caused in humans and domestic animals by multiresistant bacteria. Understanding the origins, diversity, and resistance mechanisms with the potential to impact farm animals is of great importance to identify the risks associated with the interaction between bacteria from different ecosystems and their impact on animal production, either by compromising the health of animals and/or by the contamination of products produced by them and consequent damage to human health.

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We report on the preparation of SiO2-based nanoparticles readily available for superhydrophobic applications. In contrast to usual approaches, our process is substrate-free and based on electrostatic adsorption of small SiO2 particles onto large SiO2 cores with the aid of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) followed by calcination and chemical modification with trichlorododecylsilane. The as-prepared nanoparticles are in powder form and exhibit stable superhydrophobic behavior at room temperature because of the unique combination between the hierarchical raspberry-like structure and low surface energy. If properly stored, the nanoparticles retain their functional properties for several months.

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Shedding synchrotron light on microfluidic systems, exploring several contrasts in situ/operando at the nanoscale, like X-ray fluorescence, diffraction, luminescence, and absorption, has the potential to reveal new properties and functionalities of materials across diverse areas, such as green energy, photonics, and nanomedicine. In this work, we present the micro-fabrication and characterization of a multifunctional polyester/glass sealed microfluidic device well-suited to combine with analytical X-ray techniques. The device consists of smooth microchannels patterned on glass, where three gold electrodes are deposited into the channels to serve in situ electrochemistry analysis or standard electrical measurements. It has been efficiently sealed through an ultraviolet-sensitive sticker-like layer based on a polyester film, and The burst pressure determined by pumping water through the microchannel(up to 0.22 MPa). Overall, the device has demonstrated exquisite chemical resistance to organic solvents, and its efficiency in the presence of biological samples (proteins) is remarkable. The device potentialities, and its high transparency to X-rays, have been demonstrated by taking advantage of the X-ray nanoprobe Carnaúba/Sirius/LNLS, by obtaining 2D X-ray nanofluorescence maps on the microchannel filled with water and after an electrochemical nucleation reaction. To wrap up, the microfluidic device characterized here has the potential to be employed in standard laboratory experiments as well as in in situ and in vivo analytical experiments using a wide electromagnetic window, from infrared to X-rays, which could serve experiments in many branches of science.

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Resumo O tema governo eletrônico (e-gov) aparece com frequência nos círculos acadêmicos, profissionais e políticos; consequentemente, o número de trabalhos publicados sobre a temática tem se ampliado. Nesse contexto, com o presente trabalho pretende-se analisar a evolução e a tendência dos estudos na área de governo eletrônico, com o objetivo de identificar a produção científica desta, por meio da análise de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos, indexados na base de dados Web of Science (WoS) de 1992 a 2018. Para tanto, foram analisados 1.516 artigos científicos publicados em periódicos por meio do software SciMAT. As análises possibilitaram identificar padrões como: frequência de estudos por ano, principais periódicos e autores no campo, assim como os trabalhos mais citados nos artigos constantes da amostra aqui considerada. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise de cocitação de palavras, que permitiu evidenciar os principais temas de pesquisa por período, bem como a evolução do campo de estudo. Os resultados indicam um crescimento das publicações sobre e-gov e o desenvolvimento de diferentes frentes de análise. Os principais temas que indicam tendências para estudos futuros voltados ao e-gov são: social media, technology acceptance model (TAM), transparency, acceptance e information system.

Resumen El tema del gobierno electrónico (e-gov) aparece con frecuencia en los círculos académicos, profesionales y políticos y, como consecuencia, el número de artículos sobre el tema ha ido en aumento. En este sentido, este texto se propone analizar la evolución y tendencia de los estudios en el área de gobierno electrónico, con el objetivo de identificar la producción científica en esta área, a partir del análisis de artículos científicos publicados en revistas indexadas en la Web de Science (WoS) de 1992 a 2018. Para ello, se analizaron 1.516 artículos científicos publicados en revistas utilizando el software SciMAT. Los análisis permitieron identificar patrones como frecuencia de estudios por año, principales revistas y autores en el campo, así como los trabajos más citados en los artículos de la muestra aquí considerada. Además, se realizó un análisis de cocitación de palabras, que permitió destacar los principales temas de investigación por período, así como la evolución del campo de estudio. Los resultados indican un aumento de publicaciones sobre e-gov y el desarrollo de diferentes frentes de análisis. Las redes sociales, el modelo de aceptación de la tecnología, la transparencia, la aceptación y el sistema de información son los principales temas que presentan tendencias para futuros estudios enfocados en e-gov.

Abstract The topic of electronic government (e-gov) frequently appears in academic, professional, and political circles. Consequently, the number of papers published on the subject has increased. This text analyzes the evolution and trend of studies on electronic government to identify scientific production based on the analysis of scientific articles published in journals, indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) from 1992 to 2018. We analyzed 1.516 scientific articles published in journals using the SciMAT software. We identified patterns such as frequency of studies per year, main journals and authors in the field, and the most cited works. Word citation analysis was also carried out, which made it possible to highlight the main research themes by period and the evolution of the field of study. The results indicate an increase in publications about e-gov and the development of different analysis fronts. Social media, technology acceptance model (TAM), transparency, acceptance, and information system are the main themes that indicate trends for future studies focused on e-gov.

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Background: Telemedicine is a resource to provide health care to patients social distancing and prevent their exposure to the risk of contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in medical-hospital settings. This study evaluated a virtual model of care in acromegalic patients. Methods: We recruited 78 acromegalic patients, 65% female, median age 63 years. Outpatient management was remodeled to simplify access to care by (1) adoption of virtual meetings; (2) collection of blood samples at home; (3) abolishment of printed prescription and provision of electronic files directly to central pharmacy; and (4) drugs delivered to patients' home. Patients and physicians filled electronic surveys 48 h after each consultation. Results: The patients expressed satisfaction with convenience (91.1%), decreased wait time (85.1%), and saving money (79.2%) compared to face-to-face visits. Most patients felt supported by the medical team (89.1%) and kept the prescriptions updated (84.8%). The physicians reported resolutive appointments in 92.2% of cases, despite longer time to reach the patients and subsequent calls to complement missing information. Satisfaction and patient-provider relationship were maintained during the study, but the choice for virtual appointment for the next appointment fell from 78.7% to 34.8% after 6 months. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed in 13% of patients, mostly mild and moderate manifestations. Conclusion: Telemedicine is a tool for medical care in underserved populations, feasible even in low-income countries. This study suggests that it is difficult to sustain exclusive remote care for more than 6 months. The method could be adopted interchangeably with in-person consultations in acromegalic patients with stable disease.

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A detailed correlation between topographical features and wettability of chemically modified coatings based on silica nanoparticles (SiO2) was performed. In this study, hierarchical structures were prepared by the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique using two different approaches: random roughened surfaces were obtained by exploring stacking defects spontaneously arisen after 15, 30, and 45 assembly cycles of 22 nm SiO2, and a particular structure, commonly known as raspberry-like, was obtained by depositing 22 nm SiO2 over the first deposited 400 nm SiO2. As an intrinsic attribute of the assembly process, the average slope of random roughened surfaces seems to be constant and virtually independent of the number of deposited layers. Additionally, the local slopes are always lower than a critical value (Φcrit) required to stabilize the solid-liquid-air interface; thus, a fully wetted Wenzel state is invariably observed with water contact angles (WCAs) ∼130°. On the other hand, since the local slopes of the raspberry-like structure follow a nearly spherical curvature, small SiO2 can stabilize the solid-liquid-air interface by increasing the local contact angle and avoid the deep penetration of water into the surface asperities, resulting in a WCA ∼167°. The results also suggest that nanoroughness might also play an important role in the pinning effect of the solid-liquid-air contact line, favoring the maintenance of superhydrophobicity of raspberry-like surfaces.

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Resumo: Introdução: A residência médica é reconhecida como o "padrão ouro" para a formação de especialistas. O estudo do perfil dos egressos da residência médica é importante para identificar potencialidades e fragilidades da especialização. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer o perfil e a satisfação profissional dos egressos dos programas de residência das áreas básicas de um hospital-escola do Nordeste. Método: Trata-se de estudo de corte transversal que utilizou a plataforma eletrônica Survey. Incluíram-se residentes das áreas básicas que concluíram o programa no período de 2013 a 2017. O Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido foi enviado com o formulário. Realizaram-se análises descritivas das variáveis, e os dados foram apresentados em frequências absoluta e relativa. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do IMIP. Resultados: Dentre os 194 egressos, tivemos a adesão de 79 (40,72%). Com relação aos participantes do estudo: 73,4% eram do gênero feminino e 60,8% já estavam casados. Destacamos que 55,7% informaram que tinham uma renda mensal de dez a 20 salários mínimos. Dos egressos, 54 (68,4%) tinham cursado graduação em instituição de ensino superior privada. Sobre a pós-graduação stricto sensu, 19 egressos (21,7%) tinham mestrado. Sobre a atuação profissional, 93,7% exercem a especialidade e 54 (68,4%) trabalham no estado onde cursaram o programa. Em relação ao serviço público, 64,6% são vinculados ao Sistema Único de Saúde do estado de Pernambuco. Sobre a quantidade de horas de trabalho semanais, 43% trabalham entre 40 e 60 horas. Cerca de 75% dos egressos afirmaram que cursariam o programa novamente na instituição e declararam que a realização da residência facilitou a vida profissional deles. Conclusão: A monitoração periódica de egressos de programa de residência é um instrumento útil para avaliação do programa e permite monitoramento das intervenções implementadas, viabilizando inclusive a obtenção de informações que ajudem no planejamento de novos programas.

Abstract: Introduction: medical residency is known as the "gold standard" for the qualification of specialists. Research into the profile of medical residency program graduates is important to identify potentialities and fragilities of the specialization. Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the profile and professional satisfaction of the graduates from the residency programs of basic medical areas of a teaching hospital in the northeast of Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire that was sent to the participants via electronic mail. The study population consisted of residency program graduates of the basic medical areas who graduated between 2013 and 2017. The Informed Consent Form was sent together with the form. Descriptive analyses were performed and data were presented as relative and absolute frequencies. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the IMIP. Results: of the 194 graduates, 79 (40.72%) answered the questionnaire. 73.4% were female and 60.8% were married. Approximately 55.7% of the graduates earned salaries corresponding to 11 and 22 minimum monthly wages. 54 graduates (68.4%) had attended a private medical school. Regarding stricto sensu postgraduate studies, 19 (21.7%) had a master´s degree. 93.7% are practicing their medical specialization and 54 (68.4%) still live in Pernambuco. Regarding public service, 64.6% are linked to the Unified Health System of Pernambuco state. 43% of the graduates worked between 40 and 60 h per week. About 75% of the graduates stated that they would attend the program again at the hospital and declared that completing the residency at the institution facilitated their professional life. Conclusion: the periodic monitoring of graduates from a residency program is a useful tool for evaluating the program and allows for surveillance of implemented interventions

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O emprego de drogas antibióticas em larga escala tanto para fins profiláticos quanto para terapêuticos e agropecuários tem aumentado com o passar dos anos, passando a ser considerado um problema, devido à perda de eficiência desses medicamentos no combate a bactérias patogênicas. Assim, a pressão de seleção aplicada pelos antibióticos, que são utilizados em ambientes clínicos e agrícolas, tem promovido a evolução e disseminação de genes que conferem resistência a bactérias em escala mundial, independentemente de suas origens e nos mais variados tipos de sistemas ambientes. Antibióticos de origem urbana e agrícola persistem no solo e nos ambientes aquáticos, este último atuando como um importante reservatório de bactérias, facilitando a troca de material genético entre bactérias ambientais e patogênicas, e permitindo a disseminação de genes de resistência. Causando, assim, preocupação tanto para a medicina humana quanto para a veterinária, tendo em vista a diversidade de doenças causadas em humanos e animais domésticos por bactérias multirresistentes. Nesse contexto, o conhecimento dos mecanismos responsáveis pela transferência e aquisição de resistência com potencial para atingir animais de produção são de grande importância para o entendimento dos riscos associados à disseminação da resistência entre bactérias de diferentes ecossistemas à produção animal, possibilitando o conhecimento e desenvolvimento de estratégias para combater e minimizar seus efeitos.

The use of antibiotic drugs on a large scale for prophylactic, therapeutic and agricultural purposes has increased over the years, becoming a problem due to the loss of efficiency of these drugs in combating pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the selection pressure applied by antibiotics that are used mainly in clinical and agricultural environments has promoted the evolution and dissemination of genes that confer resistance to bacteria worldwide, regardless of their origins and in the most varied types of environmental systems. Antibiotics of urban and agricultural origin persist in the soil and in aquatic environments, the latter, acting as an important reservoir of bacteria, facilitating the exchange of genetic material between the environment and pathogenic bacteria, and then, allowing the spread of resistance genes. Thus, causing concern for both human and veterinary health, due to the diversity diseases caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. In this context, knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the transfer and acquisition of resistance with the potential to reach farm animals is of great importance for understanding the risks associated with the spread of resistance among bacteria from different ecosystems to animal production, enabling the knowledge and development of strategies to combat and minimize its effects.

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AIM: To determine the pooled association between variations of prolactin serum levels within the physiological range and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). METHODS: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature were searched for studies investigating the association between variations of prolactin serum levels in the normal range and the risk of T2D in adults. The risk of prevalent and incident T2D was summarized as the odds ratio or relative risk according to the quartile of prolactin serum concentration, using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Of 2,014 articles identified, 6 met the inclusion criteria. Data were pooled from cross-sectional studies including 6,670 subjects and longitudinal studies involving 13,203 subjects. Men with prolactin levels in the fourth quartile versus those in the first quartile had decreased risk of prevalent T2D (OR 0.52; 95%CI 0.35-077). The same association was seen in women (OR 0.46; 95%CI 0.30-0.73). Conversely, prolactin levels in the fourth versus first quartile were not associated with the risk of incident T2D in men (RR 1.21; 95%CI 0.79-1.87) or women (RR 0.77; 95%CI 0.48-1.22). CONCLUSION: Higher prolactin serum levels within the normal range were associated with reduced risk of prevalent but not incident T2D. Further studies are necessary to address whether this association is causal, but these findings raise the discussion regarding the optimal level of prolactin suppression in subjects undergoing therapy with dopaminergic agonists.

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