RESUMO
This study examined tropical pasture contamination dynamics under different feeding systems for finishing lambs. The experiment aimed to evaluate the vertical distribution of gastrointestinal helminth infective larvae (L3) in erect grass subjected to grazing and to assess the parasite load and its impact on lamb performance in three production systems. Three treatments based on Aruana grass (Panicum maximum cv. IZ-5) were as follows: T1, grass only; T2, grass with 1.5% of body weight (BW) nutrient concentrate supplementation; and T3, grass with 2.5% BW concentrate supplementation. The randomized block design had three replicates of three treatments, with six lambs per replicate. L3 were recovered from three pasture strata (upper, middle, and bottom), each representing one third of the sward height, and correlated with microclimatic data. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed among treatments in the L3 recovery. Despite different grass heights between treatments and microclimates within the sward, the L3 concentration generally did not differ significantly among the three strata within a treatment (P > 0.05). Pasture microclimate did not correlate with larval recovery. At the end of the experiment, the animal fecal egg count was similar among treatments (P > 0.05). The results indicated that different lamb feeding systems in a tropical erect grassland caused differences in grass height but did not affect the distribution of infective larvae among strata. Larvae were found from the base to the top of the grass sward.
Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos , Poaceae , Ovinos/fisiologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos/fisiologia , Peso Corporal , Brasil , Clima , Suplementos Nutricionais , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/prevenção & controle , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Larva , Masculino , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/prevenção & controleRESUMO
O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Pesquisa de Forrageiras, da FEPAGRO, em São Gabriel, RS, numa área de pastagem natural, de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2000, com o objetivo de definir tipos funcionais para os fatores avaliados. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi um fatorial completamente casualizado em parcela subdividida, com três repetições. Os tratamentos pastejo e exclusão foram alocados nas parcelas principais e os níveis de adubação (com ou sem NPK) nas subparcelas. O pastejo foi realizado por bovinos, equinos e ovinos a partir de janeiro de 1998 e a adubação, anualmente, de fevereiro de 1994 a fevereiro de 1996. A exclusão iniciou em dezembro de 1996. Altura da planta, consistência e superfície ventral da lâmina foliar são atributos que melhor caracterizam os ambientes pastejados e excluídos.
The study was conducted at the Forage Research Center of FEPAGRO, São Gabriel, RS, using an area of native pasture, from January 1998 to December 2000. The objective of this research was to define the plant functional types to the particular assessed environment. The experiment design was split-plot arranged in randomized blocks, with three replications. The treatments, grazed and not grazed areas, were allocated to the main plots and different fertilization levels (with and without NPK) were allocated to the subplots. Plots were grazed by cattle, horse and sheep from January 1998 and the fertilizer was applied annually from February 1994 to February 1996. The ungrazed plots were excluded from grazing in December 1996. Plant height, consistency and adaxial surface of the leaf lamina are characteristics that represent the grazed and ungrazed environments.
RESUMO
O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Pesquisa de Forrageiras, da FEPAGRO, em São Gabriel, RS, numa área de pastagem natural, de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2000, com o objetivo de definir tipos funcionais para os fatores avaliados. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi um fatorial completamente casualizado em parcela subdividida, com três repetições. Os tratamentos pastejo e exclusão foram alocados nas parcelas principais e os níveis de adubação (com ou sem NPK) nas subparcelas. O pastejo foi realizado por bovinos, equinos e ovinos a partir de janeiro de 1998 e a adubação, anualmente, de fevereiro de 1994 a fevereiro de 1996. A exclusão iniciou em dezembro de 1996. Altura da planta, consistência e superfície ventral da lâmina foliar são atributos que melhor caracterizam os ambientes pastejados e excluídos.(AU)
The study was conducted at the Forage Research Center of FEPAGRO, São Gabriel, RS, using an area of native pasture, from January 1998 to December 2000. The objective of this research was to define the plant functional types to the particular assessed environment. The experiment design was split-plot arranged in randomized blocks, with three replications. The treatments, grazed and not grazed areas, were allocated to the main plots and different fertilization levels (with and without NPK) were allocated to the subplots. Plots were grazed by cattle, horse and sheep from January 1998 and the fertilizer was applied annually from February 1994 to February 1996. The ungrazed plots were excluded from grazing in December 1996. Plant height, consistency and adaxial surface of the leaf lamina are characteristics that represent the grazed and ungrazed environments.(AU)