RESUMO
Introdução: a técnica de microagulhamento e aplicação de drug delivery transdérmico é indicada para o tratamento das cicatrizes de acne. Objetivos: avaliar a técnica de microagulhamento associada à aplicação de fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) em drug delivery. Métodos: ensaio clínico duplo-cego randomizado, com seleção de 30 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: (1) duas sessões de microagulhamento com intervalo de 30 dias e (2) duas sessões de microagulhamento com mesmo intervalo e associação de drug delivery de EGF. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica (escala global de cicatriz de acne - Goodman e Baron, 2006), a avaliação por imagem multiespectral e por questionários de autopercepção. A avaliação estatística (Teste T Student, Teste SNK, análise de variância) foi realizada com o software estatístico SisVar (UFLA, 1996). Resultados: os grupos foram homogêneos quanto à idade, sexo e fototipo. Na avaliação clínica, houve redução dos escores de gravidade para ambos os grupos. A análise multiespectral revelou redução das porfirinas (p=0,0296) e melhora da textura da pele, ambas para o grupo 2. Conclusão: a terapia com microagulhamento foi eficaz e segura para o tratamento de cicatrizes de acne, e o EGF demonstrou ser um ativo promissor.
Background: The microneedling technique and the transdermal drug delivery are indicated to treat acne scars. Objective: Evaluation of the microneedling technique associated with the drug delivery of the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Methods: Randomized double-blind clinical trial of 30 patients divided into two groups: (1) - two microneedling sessions with a 30-day interval, (2) - two microneedling sessions with the same interval but associated with EGF drug delivery. The patients were evaluated clinically (global acne scarring grading system - Goodman and Baron) global acne scarring grading system via multispectral image and through self-perception questionnaires. The statistical analysis (Student T-test, SNK test, analysis of variance) was performed with the SisVar software (UFLA, 1996). Results: The groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, and phototype. Clinical assessments showed a reduction in severity scores for both groups. The multispectral analysis revealed a decrease in porphyrins (p = 0.0296) and an improvement in skin texture in group 2 subjects. Conclusion: Microneedling therapy was effective and safe for the acne scars treatment, and EGF demonstrated to be a promising strategy as well.
RESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Siparuna guianensis Aublet leaves, known as negramina, are used by indigenous and local communities in Brazil and other countries in the Americas to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY: To characterize the chemical constituents and to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and locomotor activities of the dichloromethane fraction (DF) of S. guianensis leaves. Also, an acute oral toxicity test was accomplished. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The chemical characterization of DF was performed by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer. The antioxidant potential of DF was investigated using nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl radical (OH) scavenging test. The evaluation study of the anti-inflammatory activity was carried out in vitro by NO measurement in stimulated macrophages and, in vivo, by croton oil-induced ear edema, LPS-induced peritonitis, and zymosan-induced arthritis in mice. Different mechanisms of central and peripheral nociception were stimulated by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, and tail-flick tests. Besides that, the open field assay was performed. RESULTS: UHPLC analyses of DF showed the presence of a mixture of glycosylated and methoxylated flavonoids. DF was able to scavenge NO and OH radicals in vitro and showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. Oral administration of DF considerably inhibited the ear edema after croton oil application and reduced the leukocyte infiltrated in LPS-induced peritonitis. In the inflammatory intra-articular zymosan-induced process, DF showed a significant reduction in the inflammatory area and of the cells in the synovial and connective tissues adjacent to the joint. Also, DF was able to reduce the intra-articular edema. In nociception models, the oral administration of DF considerably inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhings. The formalin test showed that DF attenuated the licking time in both phases, which suggested that DF reduce the nociception by central and peripheral mechanisms. In the tail-flick test, DF showed no activity. Besides that, DF did not affect the animal locomotion, and no acute toxicity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of S. guianensis were reported, supporting its ethnopharmacological uses for some inflammatory diseases and painful conditions.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Laurales/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Brasil , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/patologia , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Nociceptividade/efeitos dos fármacos , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Medição da DorRESUMO
The kidneys in two viviparous species of Neotropical lizards, Notomabuya frenata and Aspronema dorsivittatum (Mabuyidae), were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy in order to determine the presence of the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) and to study its morphology. The individuals used in this study belong to the Herpetological Collection of the Herpetology Laboratory - Reptiles of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CHUFJF-Reptiles) and they were collected between the years 2008 and 2012 from the Cerrado region in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The SSK was present only in sexually mature males (with sperm in the testes / epididymis), whereas it was absent in sexually immature males. The nephron in both species consists of renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct and sexual segment of the kidney. The SSK of the analyzed species were coated with a simple columnar epithelium, with high cells, basal nucleus and in the apical portion innumerable secretory granules. This study adds to the knowledge on reproductive biology and structures related to reproductive strategies of both lizard species and viviparous Neotropical lizards.
Assuntos
Glomérulos Renais/ultraestrutura , Túbulos Renais Distais/ultraestrutura , Túbulos Renais Proximais/ultraestrutura , Lagartos/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Glomérulos Renais/anatomia & histologia , Túbulos Renais Distais/anatomia & histologia , Túbulos Renais Proximais/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the chronic topical anti-inflammatory activity of the pharmaceutical formulation ProHLP containing the hexane fraction of Lacistema pubescens (HLP). It was also investigated the possible cutaneous and systemic adverse effects of HLP and ProHLP in mice when compared to dexamethasone. METHODS: The chronic topical anti-inflammatory activity was determined by croton oil multiple application-induced mouse ear oedema model. Histopathological analyses of ear tissue samples sensitized with croton oil were performed. Cutaneous atrophy induced by HLP and topical glucocorticoid treatments and excision skin wounds model to evidenced possible adverse reactions were also determined. KEY FINDINGS: ProHLP significantly reduced the mice ear oedema and considerably accelerated the wound-healing process. Also, HLP did not lead cutaneous atrophy and preserved the clinical aspect of the thymus, adrenal and spleen, unlike dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that ProHLP is an efficient and safer pharmaceutical formulation to treat chronic inflammatory diseases.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Glândulas Suprarrenais/efeitos dos fármacos , Glândulas Suprarrenais/patologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Doença Crônica , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite/patologia , Dexametasona/efeitos adversos , Edema/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/efeitos adversos , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Timo/efeitos dos fármacos , Timo/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with various clinical and pathological presentations. Early lesions are nonspecific, which hinders early diagnosis. The folliculotropic subtype is manifested as acneiform lesions, follicular papules or erythematous plaques mainly on the face, neck and upper trunk. Histopathology shows dense lymphocytic infiltrate surrounding and infiltrating the hair follicles. A case of difficult histopathological diagnosis with florid and unusual skin lesions mainly on the face is reported.
Assuntos
Micose Fungoide/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pele/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to verify the influence of dimethylsulfoxide and pentoxifylline on the vitality of cutaneous flaps in rats and the tissue repair process. METHODS: were studied 30 Wistar rats, submitting them to a 2cm wide by 8cm long dorsal cutaneous flap, of caudal base. We distributed the animals in three groups: Control Group (n=10) with application gauze moistened with 0.9% Saline in the flap bed for 30 seconds; Dimethylsulfoxide group (n=10), with administration of 1ml of 5% dimethylsulfoxide divided into five injections of 0.2ml in the transition of the flap segments; Pentoxifylline group (n=10), with administration of pentoxifylline 20mg/kg, diluted to 1ml and divided into five injections of 0.2ml in the transition of the flap segments. Drugs were administered intraoperatively, in a single dose and subcutaneously. We observed the skin flaps for changes in color and texture. On the 10th postoperative day, we checked the dimensions of viable and necrotic tissues, followed by excision of the specimen for histological analysis. RESULTS: the measurements of length of the viable and necrotic tissues between groups showed no differences. Histological analysis showed that the Dimethylsulfoxide group presented neovascularization, inflammatory infiltrate with leukocytes and more structured conjunctival stroma. The Pentoxifylline group showed neovascularization and inflammatory infiltrate, with moderate to intense granulation. The control group evolved with a higher rate of necrosis in the distal segment. CONCLUSION: dimethylsulfoxide and pentoxifylline influenced the vitality of the flap and the tissue repair process. However, they did not prevent necrosis macroscopically.
Assuntos
Dimetil Sulfóxido/farmacologia , Pentoxifilina/farmacologia , Transplante de Pele , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Sobrevivência de Tecidos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the influence of dimethylsulfoxide and pentoxifylline on the vitality of cutaneous flaps in rats and the tissue repair process. Methods: were studied 30 Wistar rats, submitting them to a 2cm wide by 8cm long dorsal cutaneous flap, of caudal base. We distributed the animals in three groups: Control Group (n=10) with application gauze moistened with 0.9% Saline in the flap bed for 30 seconds; Dimethylsulfoxide group (n=10), with administration of 1ml of 5% dimethylsulfoxide divided into five injections of 0.2ml in the transition of the flap segments; Pentoxifylline group (n=10), with administration of pentoxifylline 20mg/kg, diluted to 1ml and divided into five injections of 0.2ml in the transition of the flap segments. Drugs were administered intraoperatively, in a single dose and subcutaneously. We observed the skin flaps for changes in color and texture. On the 10th postoperative day, we checked the dimensions of viable and necrotic tissues, followed by excision of the specimen for histological analysis. Results: the measurements of length of the viable and necrotic tissues between groups showed no differences. Histological analysis showed that the Dimethylsulfoxide group presented neovascularization, inflammatory infiltrate with leukocytes and more structured conjunctival stroma. The Pentoxifylline group showed neovascularization and inflammatory infiltrate, with moderate to intense granulation. The control group evolved with a higher rate of necrosis in the distal segment. Conclusion: dimethylsulfoxide and pentoxifylline influenced the vitality of the flap and the tissue repair process. However, they did not prevent necrosis macroscopically.
RESUMO Objetivos: verificar a influência do dimetilsulfóxido e da pentoxifilina na vitalidade e no processo de reparo tecidual de retalhos cutâneos em ratos. Método: foram estudados 30 ratos Wistar, nos quais foi confeccionado retalho cutâneo dorsal de 2cm de largura por 8cm de comprimento, de base caudal, e distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo Controle (n=10) com aplicação de gaze umedecida com solução salina a 0,9%, no leito do retalho, por 30 segundos; Grupo dimetilsulfóxido (n=10) com injeção de 1ml de dimetilsulfóxido a 5% divididos em cinco injeções de 0,2ml na transição dos segmentos do retalho; Grupo pentoxifilina (n=10) com injeção de 1ml pentoxifilina 20mg/kg, divididos em cinco injeções de 0,2ml na transição dos segmentos do retalho. Os fármacos foram administrados no transoperatório, em dose única e por via subcutânea. Os retalhos cutâneos foram observados quanto às alterações de cor e textura. No décimo dia de pós-operatório aferiu-se a dimensão do tecido viável e de necrose, seguido da exérese da peça para análise histológica. Resultados: a medida da dimensão de tecido viável e de necrose dos grupos não apresentou diferenças. A análise histológica mostrou que o grupo dimetilsulfóxido apresentou neovascularização, infiltrado inflamatório com leucócitos e estroma conjuntivo mais estruturado. O grupo pentoxifilina, mostrou neovascularização e infiltrado inflamatório com granulação moderada e intensa. O grupo controle evoluiu com maior índice de necrose no segmento distal. Conclusão: dimetilsulfóxido e pentoxifilina influenciaram na vitalidade do retalho e no processo de reparo tecidual. Entretanto, não evitaram a necrose macroscopicamente.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Pentoxifilina/farmacologia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Sobrevivência de Tecidos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia , Dimetil Sulfóxido/farmacologia , Transplante de Pele , Ratos WistarRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in South American Countries as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hepatoprotective. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant, and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate partition (EAP) from the ethanolic extract of this medicinal plant leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the in vivo hepatoprotective activity, rats were pretreated orally for seven days with vehicle, silymarin 100mg/kg or EAP 50, 100 and 200mg/kg. Then, acetaminophen 3g/kg was also orally administrated. Animals were euthanatized 24h after the damage inducement. The levels of the serum enzymes ALT, AST and ALP were determined, as well as the triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by TBARS assay and by the measurement of glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the rats liver tissue. The in vitro anti-inflammatory assay using Raw 264.7 cell line induced by lipopolysaccharide was conducted to verify EAP ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS: EAP was able to inhibit all the acute biochemical alterations caused by acetaminophen overdose. EAP inhibited malondialdehyde formation, maintained the catalase and increased the glutathione reductase activities. Also, EAP decreased NO, IL-6 and TNF-α levels at concentrations from 10 to 20µg/mL. 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid was isolated and identified as the major compound in EAP. Apigenin, luteolin, chlorogenic acid were also identified. EAP anti-inflammatory action may be due to its antioxidant activity or its capacity to inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggested that V. condensata may be useful as a possible therapy against liver damage.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/prevenção & controle , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Vernonia/química , Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Acetaminofen/toxicidade , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anticolesterolemiantes/administração & dosagem , Anticolesterolemiantes/isolamento & purificação , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Linhagem Celular , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Overdose de Drogas , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Folhas de Planta , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Silimarina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Abstract Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with various clinical and pathological presentations. Early lesions are nonspecific, which hinders early diagnosis. The folliculotropic subtype is manifested as acneiform lesions, follicular papules or erythematous plaques mainly on the face, neck and upper trunk. Histopathology shows dense lymphocytic infiltrate surrounding and infiltrating the hair follicles. A case of difficult histopathological diagnosis with florid and unusual skin lesions mainly on the face is reported.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pele/patologia , Micose Fungoide/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Biópsia , Imuno-HistoquímicaRESUMO
Introducción: a nivel mundial el cáncer de mama es el tipo de cáncer más común entre las mujeres, y el síndrome metabólico se define como un conjunto de alteraciones (hipertensión arterial, hiperglucemia, hipertrigliceridemia, bajos niveles de colesterol HDL y grasa abdominal excesiva) que aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes tipo 2. Estudios previos han encontrado que la obesidad, componente esencial del síndrome metabólico, se asocia con una mayor incidencia de cáncer de mama, pero no se tienen suficientes datos de mujeres mexicanas donde se establezca dicha asociación. Objetivo: el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estimar la asociación entre el cáncer de mama y el síndrome metabólico según el estado nutricional en mujeres. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal en el que se valoró el estado nutricional de 295 pacientes tratadas en una Unidad de Especialidades Médicas que aceptaron participar en la investigación a las cuales se les realizó la medición de glucosa, triglicéridos, colesterol, circunferencia abdominal y presión arterial. Se les determinó el IMC y la presencia de síndrome metabólico. Resultados: se encontró que 222 (75%) pacientes tuvieron sobrepeso u obesidad y 156 (52,8%) presentaron síndrome metabólico; más de la mitad de las pacientes tuvo valores fuera del rango recomendado en circunferencia abdominal (85,1%), triglicéridos (62,4%), glucosa (54,2%) y colesterol HDL (90,8%), siendo los valores de la presión arterial los únicos que se presentaron dentro de los rangos normales en la mayoría de las pacientes. Para determinar la asociación se calculó el Odds Ratio que arrojó un valor de 5,48 (IC 2,9-10,2). Conclusiones: las mujeres con cáncer de mama con sobrepeso u obesidad tienen cuatro veces más de riesgo de presentar síndrome metabólico que aquellas que no poseen exceso de peso.
Introduction: worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and the metabolic syndrome is defined as a set of disorders (hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol levels and excessive abdominal fat) that increase risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have found that obesity, a key component of the metabolic syndrome, is associated with an increased incidence of breast cancer, but there is not enough data to Mexican women where the association is established. Objective: the present work aims to estimate the association between metabolic syndrome and nutritional status in patients with breast cancer. Materials and methods: cross-sectional study in which nutritional status of 295 patients treated in a Unit of Medical Specialties who agreed to participate was assessed in the research, who underwent measurement of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, waist circumference, blood pressure. BMI and the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients were determined. Results: it was found that 222 (75%) patients were overweight or obese and 156 (52.8%) had metabolic syndrome; more than half of the patients had values outside the recommended in abdominal circumference (85.1%), triglycerides (62.4%), glucose (54.2%) and HDL cholesterol (90.8%), being the value of blood pressure the only who were within the normal range in most patients. To determine the association was calculated Odds Ratio, which gave a value of 5.48 (CI 2.9 to 10.2). Conclusions: women with breast cancer who are overweight or obese have 4 times the risk of metabolic syndrome than those without overweight.
Assuntos
Humanos , Mulheres , Neoplasias da Mama , Estado Nutricional , Síndrome Metabólica , MéxicoRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The leaves of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae), known as Barbados gooseberry, are used as emollients and to treat skin wounds and inflammatory process in Brazilian traditional medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study investigated the topical wound healing activity of gels containing the methanol extract (ME) and hexane fraction (HF) of the leaves of this plant in a model of excisional wound healing in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mice were anesthetized and excisional skin wounds were performed using a circular metal punch of 5mm diameter. Next, the animals were treated with 30µL of topical gel formulations containing the gel base (vehicle), HF 5% or ME 5%. The treatments were applied immediately after the injury and every 48h during 14 days. To verify the wound closure kinetics, a digital caliper was used throughout this period. Laser Doppler perfusion image (LDPI) was applied to evaluate the blood flow rate at the injury site. Microscopic examination of the skin tissues was performed by histopathological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin and Gomori trichrome staining. Picrosirius-red staining was also used for morphometric analysis for collagen quantification. RESULTS: Both HF and ME markedly accelerated the closeness of the skin wounds; however the HF activity was more evident, as this fraction induced the increase of blood flow rate and collagen deposition when statistically compared to the vehicle. The mice skin treated with HF and ME also showed less fibroplasia, blood vessels and inflammatory cells on the last day of experiment, which indicated a more advanced wound healing process. CONCLUSIONS: As the wound healing process was considerably accelerated, especially by HF gel formulation, the results of this study not only contributed to better understand the ethnopharmacological application of P. acuelata leaves, but also encouraged further investigations on how to explore the potential uses of this plant in skin therapies.
Assuntos
Cactaceae , Medicina Tradicional , Folhas de Planta , Cicatrização , Animais , Brasil , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model for the study of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite increased efforts to elucidate the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in autoimmune diseases of the CNS, the relative contribution of other factors, including the immunomodulatory properties of TLR signaling, role of the innate response and the presence or absence of myelin peptides remain unclear. The aim was to evaluate TLR expression in the CNS during EAE development by investigating the expression of TLRs in the initial phase of EAE and establishing correlations with the modulation of inflammatory factors. Mice were subcutaneously immunized at the tail base with 100 µg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55), emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) supplemented with 400 µg of attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA. Pertussis toxin (300 ng per animal) was intraperitoneally injected on the day of immunization and 48 h later. Another group (MOG(-)) received an equal emulsion of CFA and M. tuberculosis, without MOG35-55, and the same protocol of Pertussis toxin. The immunized mice presented signs of disease with increased IFN-γ production and presence of NK cells on Day 2 postimmunization and reduced the expression of TLR-3 and TLR-9. In the spinal cord, CCL5 and CCL20 were higher in EAE. This study establishes a correlation between TLR-3 and TLR-9 expression with the development of EAE. In addition, evidence of a role for the myelin peptide in targeting the innate inflammatory response to the CNS is presented.
Assuntos
Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/etiologia , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica , Interferon gama/biossíntese , Bainha de Mielina/imunologia , Receptor 3 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 9/genética , Animais , Biomarcadores , Citocinas/metabolismo , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/diagnóstico , Feminino , Imunofenotipagem , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Linfonodos/imunologia , Linfonodos/metabolismo , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfócitos/imunologia , Linfócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Glicoproteína Mielina-Oligodendrócito/imunologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/imunologia , Medula Espinal/imunologia , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/patologia , Receptor 3 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 9/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the in-vivo wound healing and in-vitro antioxidant activity of gels containing the ethyl acetate extract of Cecropia pachystachya (ECP) 2% and 5%, and to perform the chemical fingerprint of ECP by HPLC-DAD. METHODS: The wound healing activity of the gels was evaluated for 21 days, using the excision model in rats followed by histopathological and histomorphometric analysis. The in-vitro antioxidant effect of ECP was investigated using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, reducing power, ß-carotene bleaching and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assays. Also, a HPLC analysis was performed to identify the chemical markers orientin, iso-orientin and chlorogenic acid. KEY FINDINGS: The group of animals treated with ECP 5% presented oedema and inflammatory infiltrate with less intensity than the other groups. Both ECP 2% and 5% gels showed less neovascularization and cellularity, and better tissue repair when compared to the control, which showed a younger and homogeneous tissue. CONCLUSIONS: This study had demonstrated that the ECP gels promoted the acceleration of the healing process when compared to the control group. Wound contraction, angiogenesis, epithelialization and the collagen deposition support further evaluation of C. pachystachya leaves in the topical treatment and management of skin wounds.
Assuntos
Cecropia/química , Géis/química , Géis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Compostos de Bifenilo/química , Ácido Clorogênico/química , Flavonoides/química , Glucosídeos/química , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/química , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute topical anti-inflammatory effect of the hexane fraction (HLP) of Lacistema pubescens in mice. METHODS: Ear oedema models induced by croton oil, arachidonic acid, phenol, histamine, ethyl phenyl propiolate and capsaicin. Histopathological analyses of ear tissue samples sensitized with croton oil were performed. Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), the pro-inflammatory cytokine-inhibitory effect and dermatoxicity were also evaluated. KEY FINDINGS: HLP (1, 0.5 and 0.1 mg/ear) resulted in a substantial reduction in skin thickness or tissue weight on all models tested, except for capsaicin-induced ear oedema, similar to dexamethasone (0.1 mg/ear) and/or indomethacin (0.5 mg/ear). Histopathological analyses and neutrophil-mediated MPO activity confirmed the topical anti-inflammatory effect of HLP. In addition, HLP reduced IL-1ß, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α cytokine levels. Sitosterol-rich fraction (SRF), obtained from HLP fractionation, reduced ear oedema on croton oil and phenol models at the same dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/ear). No dermotoxicity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of action of HLP was associated with the inhibition of several pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, arachidonic acid metabolites and histamine, which suggested a glucocorticoid-like effect, reinforced by the presence of the steroid sitosterol. This is the first report on anti-inflammatory activity of L. pubescens leaves.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Magnoliopsida/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Administração Tópica , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Edema/patologia , Inflamação/patologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Folhas de Planta , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive malignant adnexal neoplasm associated with significant morbidity. It is often underdiagnosed due to clinical and histopathological resemblance with other cutaneous neoplasms and/or a combination of lack of familiarity associated with inadequate samples. We report a case with clinical hypothesis of scarring alopecia and histopathological diagnosis of microcystic adnexal carcinoma with favorable outcome in a follow-up of eleven years, after surgical treatment.
Assuntos
Alopecia/patologia , Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia , Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The leaves of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae), known as Barbados gooseberry, are used in Brazilian traditional medicine as emollients and to treat skin wounds and inflammation. This study investigated the topical anti-inflammatory activity of the hexane fraction (HF) obtained from the methanol extract of the leaves of this species in models of acute and chronic ear dermatitis in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mice ear edema was induced by topical application of croton oil, arachidonic acid, capsaicin, ethyl-phenylpropiolate and phenol; and by subcutaneous injection of histamine. Ear biopsies were obtained to determine the levels of IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines by ELISA assay. Histopathological analysis was also performed to evaluate the HF activity in croton oil multiple application test. In addition, acute dermal irritation/corrosion test in rats was accomplished. HF chemical characterization was performed by GC-MS analysis. RESULTS: HF intensively reduced the inflammatory process induced by all irritant agents used, except for arachidonic acid. This activity is related, at least in part, to the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines levels. Moreover, when the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone was used, HF failed to respond to the croton oil application.The results strongly suggested a glucocorticoid-like effect, which was reinforced by the presence of considerable amounts of sterol compounds identified in HF. The acute dermal irritaton/corrosion test showed no signs of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity of P. aculeata leaves is very promising, and corroborates to better understand their ethnopharmacological applications.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Cactaceae , Dermatite de Contato/tratamento farmacológico , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Administração Tópica , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/toxicidade , Brasil , Doença Crônica , Dermatite de Contato/metabolismo , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Edema/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Camundongos , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Folhas de Planta , Ratos Wistar , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/metabolismo , Testes de Irritação da Pele , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
Haemoproteid species have a wide global distribution, and they have been described in falcon species in several parts of the world. However, few studies in South America have focused on these birds. Haemoproteus spp. infections have been reported as the causative agents of serious histopathological changes, which can lead to the death of the host. Thus, this study aimed to molecularly and phylogenetically characterize Haemoproteus spp. in Caracara plancus, to characterize aspects of parasitism through clinical analysis and biochemical parameters, and to describe the histopathology of infection. To examine these aspects, 5 southern caracaras were examined clinically, and blood samples were collected. Blood smears were subsequently utilized in parasitemia calculations, PCR amplification, and serum biochemical investigations. Histological sections of the liver, kidneys, spleen, and heart were examined to check for possible histopathological changes. The birds showed clinical signs such as pallor and prostration that are consistent with Haemoproteus spp. infection. Moreover, the examination of the blood smears revealed 0.07% parasitemia in young gametocytes only. The PCR and sequencing results confirmed that the parasites belonged to Haemoproteus spp. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes, albumin, total serum proteins, and enzymatic urea were first described in C. plancus and serve as reference for future studies of bird species parasitized by Haemoproteus spp. Histopathology results showed signs of injury that were consistent with haemosporidian infection in the tissues of the analyzed organs. The present study is preliminary, and additional studies of Haemoproteus spp. infections in other bird species are needed to better understand the relationship between parasites and hosts, because despite the low parasitemia recorded, biochemical and histopathological changes in various organs were observed.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Falconiformes/parasitologia , Haemosporida/genética , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/parasitologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Animais , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Sequência de Bases , Doenças das Aves/metabolismo , Doenças das Aves/patologia , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , DNA de Protozoário/sangue , DNA de Protozoário/química , Haemosporida/classificação , Haemosporida/patogenicidade , Rim/patologia , Fígado/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Parasitemia/veterinária , Filogenia , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/metabolismo , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/patologia , Alinhamento de Sequência/veterinária , Baço/patologia , Ureia/sangueRESUMO
The microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive malignant adnexal neoplasm associated with signifi cant morbidity. It is often underdiagnosed due to clinical and histopathological resemblance with other cutaneous neoplasms and / or a combination of lack of familiarity associated with inadequate samples. We report a case with clinical hypothesis of scarring alopecia and histopathological diagnosis of microcystic adnexal carcinoma with favorable outcome in a follow-up of eleven years, after surgical treatment.
.Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Alopecia/patologia , Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Biópsia , Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Multiple sclerosis (MS) shows distinct clinical courses. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model to study multiple sclerosis, can be induced by different protocols, which show distinct cytokine and antibody production. The factors involved in this heterogeneity remain unclear. The relevance of MOG concentration in triggering a regulatory response in the chronic model of EAE is imprecise. The aim of this study was investigate if 100 or 300 µg of MOG(35-55) could induce different EAE profiles. Modifications in the concentration of MOG were able to change the patterns of chemokines, cytokines, percentage of cells, inflammatory infiltrate and the development of a regulatory response. However, these changes were unable to modify the intensity of response, which explains the chronic progression of the disease in both concentrations. The results presented in this study contribute to understanding the intricate mechanisms that trigger EAE and provide insights into the pathogenesis of various forms of MS.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/imunologia , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/imunologia , Inflamação/imunologia , Glicoproteína Mielina-Oligodendrócito/administração & dosagem , Medula Espinal/imunologia , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Quimiocinas/análise , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/patologia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Medula Espinal/patologia , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Context Cholestasis produces hepatocellular injury, leukocyte infiltration, ductular cells proliferation and fibrosis of liver parenchyma by extracellular matrix replacement. Objective Analyze bile duct ligation effect upon glycosaminoglycans content and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) activities. Methods Animals (6-8 weeks; n = 40) were euthanized 2, 7 or 14 days after bile duct ligation or Sham-surgery. Disease evolution was analyzed by body and liver weight, seric direct bilirubin, globulins, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (Alk-P), alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST), tissue myeloperoxidase and MMP-9, pro MMP-2 and MMP-2 activities, histopathology and glycosaminoglycans content. Results Cholestasis caused cellular damage with elevation of globulins, GGT, Alk-P, ALT, AST. There was neutrophil infiltration observed by the increasing of myeloperoxidase activity on 7 (P = 0.0064) and 14 (P = 0.0002) groups which leads to the magnification of tissue injuries. Bile duct ligation increased pro-MMP-2 (P = 0.0667), MMP-2 (P = 0.0003) and MMP-9 (P<0.0001) activities on 14 days indicating matrix remodeling and establishment of inflammatory process. Bile duct ligation animals showed an increasing on dermatan sulfate and/or heparan sulfate content reflecting extracellular matrix production and growing mitosis due to parenchyma depletion. Conclusions Cholestasis led to many changes on rats’ liver parenchyma, as so as on its extracellular matrix, with major alterations on MMPs activities and glycosaminoglycans content. .
Contexto Colestase produz lesão hepatocelular, infiltração leucocitária, proliferação de células ductulares e fibrose do parênquima hepático por matriz extracelular. Objetivo Analisar os efeitos da ligação do ducto biliar sobre conteúdo de glicosaminoglicanos e atividade de metaloproteinases de matriz (MMP). Métodos Animais (6-8 semanas; n = 40) foram eutanasiados 2, 7 ou 14 dias após ligação do ducto biliar ou falsa ligação. A evolução da doença foi analisada por peso corporal e do fígado, concentrações séricas de bilirrubina direta, globulinas, gama glutamil transpeptidase (GGT), fosfatase alcalina (Alk-P), alanina e aspartato aminotransfesases (ALT e AST), alterações teciduais de mieloperoxidase e metaloproteinases (MMP-9, pro MMP-2 e MMP-2), histopatologia e conteúdo de glicosaminoglicanos. Resultados A colestase causou dano celular com elevação dos níveis séricos de globulinas, GGT, Alk-P, ALT e AST. Houve também infiltração leucocitária observada pelo aumento na atividade de mieloperoxidase nos grupos 7 (P = 0,0064) e 14 dias (P = 0,0002) o que leva ao aumento das lesões no tecido. Ligação do ducto biliar aumentou as atividades de pro MMP-2 (P = 0,0677), MMP-2 (P = 0,0003) e MMP-9 (P<0,0001) aos 14 dias indicando remodelamento da matriz e estabelecimento de processo inflamatório. Animais com ligação do ducto biliar mostraram um aumento do conteúdo de dermatam sulfato e/ou heparam sulfato refletindo a produção de matriz extracelular e aumento de mitose devido a depleção do parênquima hepático. Conclusões Colestase causou várias mudanças no parênquima hepático de ratos, bem como em sua matriz extracelular, com importantes alterações na atividade ...