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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered the most common degenerative joint pathology in the adult population, being an important cause of disability worldwide, and its prevalence is increasingly associated with different factors, including obesity. Obesity together with metabolic syndrome have been associated with a pro-inflammatory state due to the release of cytokines that induce changes in cartilage metabolism. Chemerin is an adipokine secreted mainly by adipocytes and its final action is to increase the production of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1b, TNF-a and metalloproteinases by macrophages, dendritic cells and chondrocytes, which are responsible for damage to the articular cartilage. This is one of the reasons that obesity and inflammation have been linked to OA. The main objective of this study is to determine whether the serum chemerin concentrations of a group of patients with primary OA are higher when compared with control individuals. A further purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the presence of obesity/overweight with the severity of the disease measured by a radiological scale. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out where serum chemerin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunoadsorption assay (ELISA), in patients with primary OA of the hip, knee and hand with criteria from the ACR (American College Of Rheumatology) and controls. Radiological studies of patients and controls were analysed to determine the severity of joint involvement using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) classification system. The statistical significance of the difference in serum chemerin values between the two groups was verified and the correlation between the variables of body mass index (BMI) with radiological severity, number of joint regions and serum chemerin levels was analysed. RESULTS: During the period from July 2015 to July 2016, serum samples and radiographs of compromised joints were collected from 40 patients with primary OA who met the inclusion criteria, as well as serum samples from 20 controls. The average concentration of chemerin was higher in the group of patients with OA compared to that of the control group, being 373ng / ml and 175.55ng / ml respectively (p<2.2×10-16). No significant associations were found between the different degrees of disease severity measured by the KL radiological scale, such as the number of involved joint regions and BMI. CONCLUSIONS: In a group of patients with primary OA of the hand, knee or hip, the values of chemerin were higher than those found in controls, without significant association with the severity of the disease established radiologically by K/L scale, the number of involved joint regions, and the BMI.
Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Quimiocinas , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Introducción. La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 modificó la prestación de servicios de salud para priorizar el manejo de los casos emergentes. La Asociación Colombiana de Cirugía fue una de las primeras en liderar dichas iniciativas. Este estudio describe el comportamiento de los servicios de salud de un centro especializado en patología de cabeza y cuello en Medellín, Colombia. Métodos. Este es un análisis retrospectivo de una cohorte prospectiva, en el que se usó la base de datos administrativa. Las variables analizadas fueron el número y tipo de consultas y procedimientos, realizados en el periodo de enero-julio de 2109 y su comparación con el mismo periodo de 2020. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo usando porcentajes, promedio y desviación estándar. Resultados. Se analizaron 3521 consultas y 866 procedimientos quirúrgicos. Se observó una caída del número de consultas, que alcanzó su punto más bajo en el mes de abril, con un 33,9 % de disminución El porcentaje de consultas de telemedicina aumentó desde marzo de 2020, hasta alcanzar un 98 % en el mes de abril. Se observó una caída del número de procedimientos, con un aumento compensatorio en junio del 62,5 %. A la fecha, ningún paciente ni integrante del equipo de atención en salud ha presentado infección por COVID-19. Discusión. La pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo un efecto importante en el número de consultas y de procedimientos quirúrgicos de cabeza y cuello. La estrategia de telemedicina ayudó a compensar la disminución del acceso a la atención especializada
Introduction. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic modified the provision of health services to prioritize the management of emerging cases. The Colombian Association of Surgery was one of the first to lead these initiatives. This study describes the behavior of the health services of a center specialized in head and neck pathology in Medellín, Colombia. Methods. This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort, in which the administrative database was used. The variables analyzed were the number and type of consultations and procedures, carried out in the period from January to July 2019 and their comparison with the same period in 2020. A descriptive analysis was carried out using percentages, average and standard deviation. Results. On the database, 3,521 consultations and 866 surgical procedures were analyzed. A drop in the number of consultations was observed, reaching its lowest point in the month of April, with a 33.9% decrease. The percentage of telemedicine consultations increased since March 2020, reaching 98% in the month of April. A drop in the number of procedures was observed, with a compensatory increase in June of 62.5%. To date, no patient or member of the health care team has developed a COVID-19 infection. Discussion. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the number of consultations and head and neck surgical procedures. The telemedicine strategy helped to compensate the decrease in access to specialized care
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus , Cirurgia Geral , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Neoplasias de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered the most common degenerative joint pathology in the adult population, being an important cause of disability worldwide, and its prevalence is increasingly associated with different factors, including obesity. Obesity together with metabolic syndrome have been associated with a pro-inflammatory state due to the release of cytokines that induce changes in cartilage metabolism. Chemerin is an adipokine secreted mainly by adipocytes and its final action is to increase the production of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1b, TNF-α and metalloproteinases by macrophages, dendritic cells and chondrocytes, which are responsible for damage to the articular cartilage. This is one of the reasons that obesity and inflammation have been linked to OA. The main objective of this study is to determine whether the serum chemerin concentrations of a group of patients with primary OA are higher when compared with control individuals. A further purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the presence of obesity/overweight with the severity of the disease measured by a radiological scale. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out where serum chemerin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunoadsorption assay (ELISA), in patients with primary OA of the hip, knee and hand with criteria from the American College Of Rheumatology (ACR) and controls. Radiological studies of patients and controls were analysed to determine the severity of joint involvement using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) classification system. The statistical significance of the difference in serum chemerin values between the two groups was verified and the correlation between the variables of body mass index (BMI) with radiological severity, number of joint regions and serum chemerin levels was analysed. RESULTS: During the period from July 2015 to July 2016, serum samples and radiographs of compromised joints were collected from 40 patients with primary OA who met the inclusion criteria, as well as serum samples from 20 controls. The average concentration of chemerin was higher in the group of patients with OA compared to that of the control group, being 373 ng / ml and 175.55 ng / ml respectively (p<2.2×10-16). No significant associations were found between the different degrees of disease severity measured by the KL radiological scale, such as the number of involved joint regions and BMI. CONCLUSIONS: In a group of patients with primary OA of the hand, knee or hip, the values of chemerin were higher than those found in controls, without significant association with the severity of the disease established radiologically by K/L scale, the number of involved joint regions, and the BMI.
RESUMO
The Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is a key cell cycle regulator conserved in a wide variety of organisms. Experimental analysis of pRb's functions in animals and plants has revealed that this protein participates in cell proliferation and differentiation processes. In addition, pRb in animals and its orthologs in plants (RBR), are part of highly conserved protein complexes which suggest the possibility that analogies exist not only between functions carried out by pRb orthologs themselves, but also in the structure and roles of the protein networks where these proteins are involved. Here, we present examples of pRb/RBR participation in cell cycle control, cell differentiation, and in the regulation of epigenetic changes and chromatin remodeling machinery, highlighting the similarities that exist between the composition of such networks in plants and animals.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Montagem e Desmontagem da Cromatina , Epigênese Genética , Proteínas de Plantas/fisiologia , Proteína do Retinoblastoma/fisiologia , Animais , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/química , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/fisiologia , Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/química , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Dano ao DNA , Genes de Plantas , Genes do Retinoblastoma , Homeostase , Mamíferos/genética , Mamíferos/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Família Multigênica , Complexos Multiproteicos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/química , Proteínas de Neoplasias/fisiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Plantas/genética , Plantas/metabolismo , Conformação Proteica , Domínios Proteicos , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Proteína do Retinoblastoma/química , Especificidade da Espécie , Células-Tronco/metabolismoRESUMO
Los exosomas son vesículas membranosas extracelulares esenciales en la comunicación intercelular a larga distancia, viajan en los fluidos corporales y entregan mensajes moleculares dirigidos a la mayoría de las células de todo el organismo. La liberación de mensajes vía exosomas ocurre en forma de ADN, ARN o proteínas; dicha liberación se ha asociado a diferentes condiciones fisiológicas normales y patológicas, como el cáncer. Por lo anterior, el aislamiento eficiente y caracterización celular de exosomas de plasma es clave para su uso como biomarcadores no invasivos de diversas enfermedades. En el presente estudio se purificaron exosomas a partir de muestras clínicas de plasmas de pacientes previamente diagnosticados con retinoblastoma y de individuos sanos como control. Los exosomas recuperados fueron caracterizados a nivel celular por microscopia electrónica de transmisión empleando una técnica de criogenia. Para demostrar la correcta purificación de exosomas se confirmó la presencia de las proteínas transmembranales CD63 y CD81 mediante immunoblot. Adicionalmente de los exosomas purificados, se identificaron ARNs pequeños no codificantes llamados microARNs. En general, se describe la purificación y caracterización celular de exosomas obtenidos de plasma humano para su potencial uso como biomarcadores.
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles essential in intercellular communication; they act as vehicles of broad scope. They are travelling in body fluids and delivering molecular messages to cells in the organism. Messages released by exosomes like DNA, RNA and proteins are associated with different pathological conditions including cancer. Therefore, the efficient isolation and cellular characterization of exosomes from plasma is essential to use them as biomarkers in many diseases. Here, exosomes were purified from patients diagnosed with pediatric cancer and healthy individuals as control. The exosomes recovered were characterized using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the presence of CD63 and CD81 transmembrane proteins was confirmed using Western blot. Besides, miRNAs presence was identified from exosomes. This work describes a complete technique to isolate and characterize exosomes from human plasma, recognizing their potential as biomarkers.
Os exossomos são vesículas membranosas extracelulares essenciais na comunicação intercelular de longa distância; eles viajam em fluidos corporais e entregam mensagens moleculares dirigidas à maioria das células de todo o organismo. A liberação de mensagens através dos exossomos ocorre em forma de DNA, RNA ou proteínas; essa liberação foi associada a diferentes condições fisiológicas normais e patológicas, tais como o câncer. Por tudo isso, o eficiente isolamento e caracterização celular de exossomos de plasma é chave para sua utilização como biomarcadores não invasivos de várias doenças. No presente estudo, exossomos foram purificados a partir de amostras clínicas de plasmas de pacientes que tinham sido diagnosticados previamente com retinoblastoma e de indivíduos saudáveis como controle. Os exossomos recuperados foram caracterizados a nível celular por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão usando uma técnica de criogenia. Para demonstrar a correta purificação dos exossomos, foi confirmada a presença de proteínas transmembranares CD63 e CD81 usando inmunoblot. Além dos exossomos purificados foram identificados ARNs não codificantes pequenos chamados microARNs. Em geral os métodos de purificação e caracterização celular de exossomos obtidos de plasma humano são descritos por seu potencial utilização como biomarcadores.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Biomarcadores , Separação Celular/estatística & dados numéricos , Exossomos , Retinoblastoma/diagnóstico , DiagnósticoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: HOMO.pl is a perl script that allows extracting important registers from an extensive data table or microarrays results. It is very useful in data mining for microarrays analysis. HOMO works as a homogenizer that converts the initial data table into more specific and manageable data according to a list of important genes or terms. This is very useful when a pathway, a condition, or a GO-Term is studied. The HOMO script has two inputs and one principal output. A table with the microarray data results is used as an input and a list of genes or important terms is used as a second input. The output is an adjusted table from the microarray results that contains only the genes included in the input list. HOMO's principal goal is to simplify the subsequent analyses to the microarray data. AVAILABILITY: HOMO.pl and a suite of example files are available by electronic mail request.
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La información sobre el contenido de nutrientes de los alimentos es importante para determinar el consumo de nutrimentos. Las tablas de composición de los alimentos que se utilizan en México y en algunos otros países de latinoamérica no tienen información sobre el contenido de zinc, hierro y calcio en los casos en los que tienen, la información se basa en análisis que fueron realizados con alimentos de otros países. En el presente estudio se determinó el contenido de zinc, hierro y cobre en 104 alimentos de origen vegetal y 32 origen animal de consumo frecuente en México. Los minerales se analizaron por espectrofometría de absorción atómica. Los alimentos fueron agrupados en cereales, verduras, frutas, leguminosas y alimentos de origen animal y se analizaron en forma usual de consumo. El contenido de zinc varió de 0.018 mg/100 g en la fresa a 9.193 mg/100 g en la carne de res cocida. el hierro varió de 0.113 mg/100 g en el yogurt a 19.82 mg/100 g en un cereal comercial con micronutrimentos adicionados. El cobre no estuvo presente en algunos alimentos y la mayor cantidad fue de 3,37 mg/100 g en el hígado de res. El presente estudio contribuye con información sobre el contenido de minerales men los alimentos de mayor consumo en México, los cuales no habían sido analizados
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Anemia/diagnóstico , Cobre , Alimentos/classificação , Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Ferro , Minerais , Zinco/classificação , México , Ciências da NutriçãoRESUMO
Tiene como propósito generar estimaciones de la demanda de planificación familiar y de la demanda de IEC de las mujeres no unidas y de sus componentes tales como: prevalencia anticonceptiva, demanda no satisfecha, demanda satisfecha, intención reproductiva, intención de uso futuro de anticonceptivos y relaciones sexuales
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Humanos , Feminino , Planejamento Familiar , Mulheres/educação , PeruRESUMO
Dos pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica tuvieron muerte súbita, detectada mediante electrocardiografía ambulatoria: un paciente tuvo taquicardia ventricular-asistolia y el otro bradicardia-asistolia sin mediar una taquiarritmia ventricular maligna. En ambos casos se determinó la función autonómica del corazón, mediante la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca por análisis espectral y por análisis de dominio de tiempo. Se apreció una importante disminución de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca en el paciente con taquiarritmia, más acentuada la hora previa a su muerte. En cambio en el paciente con bradicardia-asistolia hubo tendencia al incremento en la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca. Ello sugiere una diferente influencia neutral entre ambos pacientes para el desarrollo de muerte súbita. Existe una alteración en la función autonómica del corazón en el paciente que desarrolló taquiarritmia ventricular maligna, a expensas de una depresión del tono parasimpático. En cambio, en el enfermo que desarrolló bradicardia-asistolia, el tono parasimpático estuvo acentuado