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Lymphomas, malignant neoplasms that originate in the lymphocytes, have a high incidence in domestic animals. This paper aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological findings of 200 cases of canine lymphoma evaluated over nine years (2011­2019) at the Oncology Service of the Veterinary Hospital at The Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. A majority of mixed-breed canines (84/200-42%) were observed, followed by the Labrador Retriever, Pitbull, and Rottweiler with similar incidence (15/200-7.5%). The average age was 7.7 years and the most affected canines were aged approximately 3 and 11 years old (146/200-73%). As for the anatomical classification, the cases classified as multicentric (131/200-65,5%) were the most common, followed by cases of the cutaneous form (44/200-22%), alimentary form (7/200 - 3.5%), mediastinal form (5/200-2.5%), and extranodal form (16/200-6,5%). Among extranodal cases were described cases of ocular involvement (5/200-2.5%), oral cavity involvement (4/200-2%), cardiac involvement (3/200-1.5%), and pulmonary involvement (1/200-0.5%). The clinical manifestation observed was related to the affected region in the different anatomical forms. More studies of this nature are needed to profile the disease presentation and contribute to clinical identification and diagnosis

Os linfomas são neoplasias malignas que se originam nos linfócitos, apresentando alta incidência em animais domés-ticos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever os achados clínicos e epidemiológicos de 200 casos de linfoma canino avalia-dos ao longo de nove anos (2011-2019) no Serviço de Oncologia do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. A maioria dos cães foi classificada como sem raça definida (84/200-42%), seguida pelo Labrador Retriever, Pitbull e Rottweiler com incidência semelhante (15/200-7,5%). A idade média foi de 7,7 anos e os caninos mais acometidos tinham aproximadamente 3 e 11 anos (146/200-73%). Quanto à classificação anatômica, os casos classificados como multicêntricos (131/200-65,5%) foram os mais comuns, seguidos pelos casos da forma cutânea (44/200-22%), forma alimentar (7/200 - 3,5 %), forma mediastinal (5/200-2,5%) e forma extranodal (16/200-6,5%). Entre os casos extranodais foram descritos casos de envolvimento ocular (5/200-2,5%), envolvimento da cavidade oral (4/200-2%), envolvimento cardíaco (3/200-1,5%) e envolvimento pulmonar (1/200-0,5 %). A manifestação clínica observada foi relacionada à região acometida nas diferentes formas anatômicas. Mais estudos dessa natureza são necessários para traçar o perfil de apresentação da doença e contribuir para a identificação e diagnóstico clínico

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PURPOSE: To evaluate whether using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the graft recipient bed after the resection of a neoplasia can influence its recurrence because this product stimulates angiogenesis, mitogenesis and chemotaxis. METHODS: A study with 30 rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus), which were separated into group A (induction of carcinogenesis, PRP in the postoperative period) and group B (induction of carcinogenesis, absence of PRP in the postoperative period), with 15 animals in each. Carcinogenesis was induced on the skin of the animals' chest by the topical application of 0.5% dimethylbenzantracene (DMBA) diluted in acetone. After surgical resection of the induced neoplasia, PRP was used to stimulate angiogenesis before surgical wound synthesis. Data on the control and experimental groups and macroscopic and microscopic variables were evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey's test (5%). RESULTS: It was possible to determine that the use of PRP is good in reconstructive surgeries, but it is contraindicated in patients during tumor resection, as it can cause changes in the surgical bed, in addition to stimulating recurrences and metastases. CONCLUSIONS: PRP may interact with tumour cells that were in the recipient site of the surgical wound during the resection of a neoplasia, and a local recurrence process can be triggered by applying this product.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate whether using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the graft recipient bed after the resection of a neoplasia can influence its recurrence because this product stimulates angiogenesis, mitogenesis and chemotaxis. Methods: A study with 30 rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus), which were separated into group A (induction of carcinogenesis, PRP in the postoperative period) and group B (induction of carcinogenesis, absence of PRP in the postoperative period), with 15 animals in each. Carcinogenesis was induced on the skin of the animals' chest by the topical application of 0.5% dimethylbenzantracene (DMBA) diluted in acetone. After surgical resection of the induced neoplasia, PRP was used to stimulate angiogenesis before surgical wound synthesis. Data on the control and experimental groups and macroscopic and microscopic variables were evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey's test (5%). Results: It was possible to determine that the use of PRP is good in reconstructive surgeries, but it is contraindicated in patients during tumor resection, as it can cause changes in the surgical bed, in addition to stimulating recurrences and metastases. Conclusions: PRP may interact with tumour cells that were in the recipient site of the surgical wound during the resection of a neoplasia, and a local recurrence process can be triggered by applying this product.

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Purpose To analyze changes in the thermal pattern in the skin graft receptor bed, after the use of therapeutic ultrasound through the thermographic images. Methods Eighteen Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar, separated into two groups: GST groups (without tumor and without treatment with ultrasound) and GT (with tumor and treatment with ultrasound). In the GT group, induction of carcinogenesis was performed by single intradermal application of 0.05 ml DMBA at 0.5%, diluted in acetone. Subsequently, a technique of reconstructive grafting surgery of the mesh type was performed in both groups and treatment with therapeutic ultrasound was performed in the GT group the alternate day protocol at 3, 6, 10 and 15 days after the procedure. The thermographic evaluation occurred on days 3, 6, 10 and 15 after the grafting. Results There was a significant difference between the statistical evaluation of the temperature of the control group when compared to the treated group, on the different evaluation days (p <0.0001). Conclusion The thermographic analysis of the images was effective in evaluating the healing process, being the use of thermography feasible to evaluate changes in the thermal standard in the surgical bed, besides the beneficial effects of the US.

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The reconstructive techniques have been widely used in Veterinary Medicine. The post-operative adjuvants therapies like the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) are used to decrease inherent complications to reconstructive surgeries. This article purposed to define the LLLT effects on the healing, inflammation, and vascularization of the skin grafts in applicable time intervals to veterinary surgical routine. Forty rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus wistar) were used and each one was submitted to autogenous cutaneous mesh grafting in the interescapular region. The rats were randomly distributed in five groups (G1, G2, G3, G4, and G5) in accordance with the 6 J/cm2 or 10 J/cm2 dose every 3 or 5 days. These treatments were applied on the skin graft for 15 days. The histochemical evaluation with Picrosirius showed greater expression of collagen type 1 - red in grafts of G5 (p < 0.05), while in G1 did not; the expression of collagen type III - green was not induced by LLLT. The histochemical evaluation with hematoxylin-eosin showed greater numbers of fibroblasts in grafts of G4 (p < 0.05) and less hemorrhage in grafts of G5 (p < 0.05). There was modulation of the inflammatory response in irradiated skin grafts. It is concluded the exhibition of the skin grafts to 6 J/cm2 or 10 J/cm2 dose every 5 days improved the healing and the modulation of the local inflammation.

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Background: Mast cell tumors (MCT) are among the most common malignant cutaneous neoplasm in dogs with variable biologic behavior and remain a therapeutic challenge in high-grade cases. Surgery remains the primary treatment for canine MCT; however, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are commonly used to treat aggressive cases. The combination of vinblastine (VBL) at a dose of 2 mg/m² and prednisone is the classically described protocol for MCT treatment. Studies have shown the safety of higher VBL doses for dogs with MCT, but there is a lack of information regarding dose intensity and outcome as a goal after chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a higher dose of VBL on MCT treatment outcome. Materials, Methods & Results: This was an observational and comparative study conducted in two different Veterinary Teaching Hospitals. Client-owned dogs with histopathological diagnosis of grade II or III MCT were selected and underwent at least four chemotherapy sessions with VBL and prednisone. The experimental group (EG) consisted of 18 dogs that received a dose of 3 mg/m² VBL treated in one institution. The control group (CG) included 31 dogs that received a dose of 2 mg/m² VBL treated at the other institution. All dogs treated in both groups had a clinical and complete blood count (CBC) evaluation performed previous the start of chemotherapy (T0) and before each weekly treatment (T1, T2, T3, and T4). After treatment, dogs in both groups were followed-up for the recurrence rate and overall survival time after diagnosis. There was no significant difference in clinical variables between EG and CG. During treatment, dogs of EG showed a significant reduction in erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values between T0 and T1, T2, T3, and T4 (P < 0.001). Comparatively, the CG showed significant reduction in hemoglobin (P = 0.02) and total leucocytes (P = 0.001) values in the same period. Despite these findings, these hematological...

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Purpose To analyze changes in the thermal pattern in the skin graft receptor bed, after the use of therapeutic ultrasound through the thermographic images. Methods Eighteen Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar, separated into two groups: GST groups (without tumor and without treatment with ultrasound) and GT (with tumor and treatment with ultrasound). In the GT group, induction of carcinogenesis was performed by single intradermal application of 0.05 ml DMBA at 0.5%, diluted in acetone. Subsequently, a technique of reconstructive grafting surgery of the mesh type was performed in both groups and treatment with therapeutic ultrasound was performed in the GT group the alternate day protocol at 3, 6, 10 and 15 days after the procedure. The thermographic evaluation occurred on days 3, 6, 10 and 15 after the grafting. Results There was a significant difference between the statistical evaluation of the temperature of the control group when compared to the treated group, on the different evaluation days (p <0.0001). Conclusion The thermographic analysis of the images was effective in evaluating the healing process, being the use of thermography feasible to evaluate changes in the thermal standard in the surgical bed, besides the beneficial effects of the US.(AU)

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PURPOSE: To analyze the therapeutic potentials of different hydroxyapatites used for the correction of bone defects in rats. METHODS: Forty rats, male, albino wistar, were distributed in 4 groups. They were submitted to a 3.5 mm defect in tibia. They received low purity hydroxyapatite, Strontium hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite doped with gallium, having a seven day evaluation time. Histopathology slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, for morphological evaluation. Were analyzed inflammatory processes, necrosis, presence of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, presence of the material, presence of white cells, neovascularization and bone neoformation. RESULTS: It was observed that the groups HAPSr and HAPGa, presented better results of trabecular bone, hyaline cartilage and bone marrow more organized. CONCLUSION: There was improvement in the repair of the bone defect produced, showing that these hydroxyapatites are effective osteoinductive, osteoconductive, osteintegrant agents and have biocompatibility, and may be indicated for use in defect repairs.

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Purpose: To analyze the therapeutic potentials of different hydroxyapatites used for the correction of bone defects in rats. Methods: Forty rats, male, albino wistar, were distributed in 4 groups. They were submitted to a 3.5 mm defect in tibia. They received low purity hydroxyapatite, Strontium hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite doped with gallium, having a seven day evaluation time. Histopathology slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, for morphological evaluation. Were analyzed inflammatory processes, necrosis, presence of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, presence of the material, presence of white cells, neovascularization and bone neoformation. Results: It was observed that the groups HAPSr and HAPGa, presented better results of trabecular bone, hyaline cartilage and bone marrow more organized. Conclusion: There was improvement in the repair of the bone defect produced, showing that these hydroxyapatites are effective osteoinductive, osteoconductive, osteintegrant agents and have biocompatibility, and may be indicated for use in defect repairs.(AU)

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Abstract Purpose: To analyze the therapeutic potentials of different hydroxyapatites used for the correction of bone defects in rats. Methods: Forty rats, male, albino wistar, were distributed in 4 groups. They were submitted to a 3.5 mm defect in tibia. They received low purity hydroxyapatite, Strontium hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite doped with gallium, having a seven day evaluation time. Histopathology slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, for morphological evaluation. Were analyzed inflammatory processes, necrosis, presence of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, presence of the material, presence of white cells, neovascularization and bone neoformation. Results: It was observed that the groups HAPSr and HAPGa, presented better results of trabecular bone, hyaline cartilage and bone marrow more organized. Conclusion: There was improvement in the repair of the bone defect produced, showing that these hydroxyapatites are effective osteoinductive, osteoconductive, osteintegrant agents and have biocompatibility, and may be indicated for use in defect repairs.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis is a surgical practice constantly realized by surgeons worldwide. When the option is to perform manual anastomosis, which is still widely used for its low cost, the question arises as to the best material to be applied. Objective: To compare polydioxanone and polyglactin threads for healing and tensile strength in intestinal anastomosis in rats. Method: We used 25 rats Wistar; after anesthesia, in groups A and B (10 rats each), laparotomy was performed, transection of the ileum at 5 and 10 cm proximally to the ileocecal valve; in group A, anastomosis was performed with 4 separate extra mucosal sutures with polidioxanone; in group B, anastomosis was performed with polyglactin; in group C (5 rats), laparotomy and manipulation of the ileum were performed. After 21 days, the animals were anesthetized and submitted to euthanasia. The specimens were sent for histopathological study and tensile strength analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Turkey and Student's t tests, with a significance of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that in the tensile strength analysis, there were no significant differences between them. The histological analysis showed significant differences between the cicatrization pattern, where polydioxanone caused less fibrosis than polyglactin. Conclusion: Polydioxanone caused less fibrosis than polyglactin in intestinal anastomoses of rats.

RESUMO Introdução: Anastomose intestinal é uma prática cirúrgica constantemente realizada pelos cirurgiões em todo o mundo. Quando a opção é a anastomose manual - um procedimento ainda amplamente empregado, graças a seu baixo custo - coloca-se o problema de saber qual é o melhor material a ser aplicado. Objetivo: Comparar fios de polidioxanona e poliglactina quanto à cicatrização e resistência à tração em anastomoses intestinais em ratos. Método: Utilizamos 25 ratos Wistar; depois da anestesia, foi realizada laparotomia nos grupos A e B (10 ratos cada), com transecção do íleo a 5 e 10 centímetros proximalmente à válvula ileocecal; no grupo A, a anastomose foi realizada com 4 suturas de mucosa separadas com uso de polidioxanona; no grupo B, a anastomose foi realizada com poliglactina; no grupo C (5 ratos), foi realizada apenas a laparotomia e manipulação do íleo. Transcorridos 21 dias, os ratos foram anestesiados e submetidos à eutanásia. Os espécimes foram enviados para estudo histopatológico e análise de resistência à tração. A análise estatística foi efetuada com a aplicação dos testes de Tukey e de t de Student, com significância de p < 0,05. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que, na análise de resistência à tração, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os materiais. A análise histológica revelou diferenças significativas entre padrões de cicatrização, em que polidioxanona causou menos fibrose versus poliglactina. Conclusão: Polidioxanona causou menos fibrose versus poliglactina em anastomoses intestinais realizadas em ratos.

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PURPOSE:: To evaluate the pulmonary oxidative stress in diabetic rats exposed to hyperoxia for 90 minutes. METHODS:: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each one containing 10 animals, according to the oxygen concentration to which they were exposed: 21%, 50%, 75% and 100% (hyperoxia). In each group five animals were randomly induced to diabetes by means of at a dose of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). RESULTS:: Seventy two hours after diabetes induction, a significant difference was seen in blood glucose in the experimental groups in comparison with the control. In the experimental groups a significant difference was observed in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissue and blood plasma (p<0.05), except the 50% group. In the control group, significant differences in the MDA concentration in plasma and lung tissue were also observed (p<0.05), except the 75% group. The MDA concentration in lung tissue in comparison with the diabetic and non-diabetic groups showed a significant difference in the 21% group; however, no difference was seen in the 75 and 100% groups. CONCLUSION:: In diabetic animals high oxygen concentrations (75 and 100%) do not appear to exert deleterious effects on lipid peroxidation in lung tissue.

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Purpose: To evaluate the pulmonary oxidative stress in diabetic rats exposed to hyperoxia for 90 minutes. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each one containing 10 animals, according to the oxygen concentration to which they were exposed: 21%, 50%, 75% and 100% (hyperoxia). In each group five animals were randomly induced to diabetes by means of at a dose of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Results: Seventy two hours after diabetes induction, a significant difference was seen in blood glucose in the experimental groups in comparison with the control. In the experimental groups a significant difference was observed in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissue and blood plasma (p 0.05), except the 50% group. In the control group, significant differences in the MDA concentration in plasma and lung tissue were also observed (p 0.05), except the 75% group. The MDA concentration in lung tissue in comparison with the diabetic and non-diabetic groups showed a significant difference in the 21% group; however, no difference was seen in the 75 and 100% groups. Conclusion: In diabetic animals high oxygen concentrations (75 and 100%) do not appear to exert deleterious effects on lipid peroxidation in lung tissue.(AU)

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Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the pulmonary oxidative stress in diabetic rats exposed to hyperoxia for 90 minutes. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each one containing 10 animals, according to the oxygen concentration to which they were exposed: 21%, 50%, 75% and 100% (hyperoxia). In each group five animals were randomly induced to diabetes by means of at a dose of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Results: Seventy two hours after diabetes induction, a significant difference was seen in blood glucose in the experimental groups in comparison with the control. In the experimental groups a significant difference was observed in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissue and blood plasma (p<0.05), except the 50% group. In the control group, significant differences in the MDA concentration in plasma and lung tissue were also observed (p<0.05), except the 75% group. The MDA concentration in lung tissue in comparison with the diabetic and non-diabetic groups showed a significant difference in the 21% group; however, no difference was seen in the 75 and 100% groups. Conclusion: In diabetic animals high oxygen concentrations (75 and 100%) do not appear to exert deleterious effects on lipid peroxidation in lung tissue.

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Introduction: Ischemic postconditioning is a method that shows evidence of efficacy in minimizing reperfusion injury; however, its effectiveness in preventing injuries in distant organs is still unknown, especially in those who have undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ischemic postconditioning in preventing reperfusion injury in the liver of rats submitted to mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion, comparing two different methods of ischemic postconditioning. Methods: 30 Wistar male rats were used, distributed into three groups: Group A: Ten rats submitted to intestinal ischemia for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes; Group B: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, two cycles of reperfusion (two minutes each) interleaved with two cycles of ischemia (two minutes each); and Group C: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, four cycles of reperfusion (30 seconds each) interspersed with four cycles of ischemia (30 seconds each). After the experiment, the left lobe of the liver was resected for subsequent histological analysis, using the following classification: grade 1 - centrilobular congestion; grade 2 - centrilobular congestion with some degeneration of hepatocytes in one or two central veins; and grade 3 - multifocal centrilobular congestion and degeneration of portal hepatocytes. Results: The mean degree of liver damage found was 1.8 in group A, 1.7 in group B and 1.3 in group C. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Ischemic postconditioning was unable to minimize reperfusion injury in rats undergoing mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion.

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Abstract Introduction: Ischemic postconditioning is a method that shows evidence of efficacy in minimizing reperfusion injury; however, its effectiveness in preventing injuries in distant organs is still unknown, especially in those who have undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ischemic postconditioning in preventing reperfusion injury in the liver of rats submitted to mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion, comparing two different methods of ischemic postconditioning. Methods: 30 Wistar male rats were used, distributed into three groups: Group A: Ten rats submitted to intestinal ischemia for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes; Group B: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, two cycles of reperfusion (two minutes each) interleaved with two cycles of ischemia (two minutes each); and Group C: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, four cycles of reperfusion (30 seconds each) interspersed with four cycles of ischemia (30 seconds each). After the experiment, the left lobe of the liver was resected for subsequent histological analysis, using the following classification: grade 1 - centrilobular congestion; grade 2 - centrilobular congestion with some degeneration of hepatocytes in one or two central veins; and grade 3 - multifocal centrilobular congestion and degeneration of portal hepatocytes. Results: The mean degree of liver damage found was 1.8 in group A, 1.7 in group B and 1.3 in group C. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Ischemic postconditioning was unable to minimize reperfusion injury in rats undergoing mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl-cyanoacrylate in the treatment of fístula-in-ano in rats with and without prior seton placement. METHODS: Thirty rats Wistar with fístula-in-ano produced surgically, distributed in three groups: group A (ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - treated by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract; group B (seton + ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - seton placement followed by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract, 30 days later; group C (control) - no treatment. After 60 days the animals were submited to euthanasia and the specimens were analyzed by pathologist. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test with significant value of p<0.05. RESULTS: One animal of group B died. Were found tracts fully healed: 7, 5 and 2, in groups A, B and C, respectivelly. There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and C (p=0.02). When joined all animals treated with glue (A + B) compared to group C there was also statistically significant difference (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The use of ethyl-cyanoacrylate glue was effective in closing anal fistulae in rats. There was no advantage in the prior application of seton.

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PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl-cyanoacrylate in the treatment of fístula-in-ano in rats with and without prior seton placement.METHODS:Thirty rats Wistar with fístula-in-ano produced surgically, distributed in three groups: group A (ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - treated by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract; group B (seton + ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - seton placement followed by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract, 30 days later; group C (control) - no treatment. After 60 days the animals were submited to euthanasia and the specimens were analyzed by pathologist. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test with significant value of p<0.05.RESULTS:One animal of group B died. Were found tracts fully healed: 7, 5 and 2, in groups A, B and C, respectivelly. There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and C (p=0.02). When joined all animals treated with glue (A + B) compared to group C there was also statistically significant difference (p=0.02).CONCLUSIONS:The use of ethyl-cyanoacrylate glue was effective in closing anal fistulae in rats. There was no advantage in the prior application of seton.(AU)

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ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl-cyanoacrylate in the treatment of fístula-in-ano in rats with and without prior seton placement. METHODS: Thirty rats Wistar with fístula-in-ano produced surgically, distributed in three groups: group A (ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - treated by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract; group B (seton + ethyl-cyanoacrylate) - seton placement followed by application of ethyl-cyanoacrylate into fístula tract, 30 days later; group C (control) - no treatment. After 60 days the animals were submited to euthanasia and the specimens were analyzed by pathologist. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test with significant value of p<0.05. RESULTS: One animal of group B died. Were found tracts fully healed: 7, 5 and 2, in groups A, B and C, respectivelly. There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and C (p=0.02). When joined all animals treated with glue (A + B) compared to group C there was also statistically significant difference (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The use of ethyl-cyanoacrylate glue was effective in closing anal fistulae in rats. There was no advantage in the prior application of seton.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of ischemic postconditioning(IPC) on intestinal mucosa of rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion process comparing two cycles of reperfusion and ischemia lasting two minutes each and four cycles of reperfusion and ischemia lasting 30 seconds each. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: group A (10 rats), ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion plus IPC by two lasting two minutes each; and Group C (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion plus IPC by four cycles lasting 30 seconds each. Finally, a segment of small intestine was resected for histological analysis. We analysed the results according to Chiu et al. classification and proceeded to the statistical treatment by Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The mean degree of tissue injury according to Chiu et al. classification were: Group A, 2.77; in group B, 1.4; and group C, 1.4. B X C (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic postconditioning was able to minimize reperfusion injury of rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion process. There was no difference in the effectiveness of the method comparing two cycles of two minutes with four cycles of 30 seconds by H&E histological evaluation of the ileum after 60-minute reperfusion.

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