RESUMO
Resveratrol is an antioxidant that is a promising antitumoral, cardioprotective and neuroprotective agent. It has been found in a restricted number of plants including peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and its wild relatives. The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between resveratrol content and the expression of putative resveratrol synthase genes in four Arachis genotypes. Two diploids and two tetraploid were analyzed. Contents of resveratrol on non- and UV-treated leaves were estimated using HPLC. Resveratrol synthase (RS) was analyzed using RT-qPCR with primers developed in this study. Sequences of six Arachis species were amplified using two degenerated primer pairs that were designed based on Arachis and general RS available at GenBank. Those sequences were used to qPCR primers design. Test and control leaves were collected from plants cultivated in greenhouse and three biological replicates were evaluated for each genotype. The synthesis of resveratrol in leaves was induced by treatment with UV for 2.5 h. All genotypes studied synthesized resveratrol. Concentrations ranged from 193.66 µg/g in synthetic allotetraploid to 371.97 µg/g in A. duranensis. Natural and induced allotetraoploids showed lower levels of resveratrol than their diploid parents. Untreated samples did not produce significant amounts of resveratrol. The analysis of resveratrol content and levels of RS mRNA allowed the identification of one gene induced by the UV treatment. The data showed different amounts of RS in the different genotypes suggesting early and late response to the UV induction in the different species. The understanding of the variation found among species will help to identify species that have high resveratrol content and their ideal pos-induction times. This also will allow analysis of other tissues where high levels resveratrol would be very important, such as in seeds.
Assuntos
Arachis/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Estilbenos/metabolismo , Ativação Transcricional/efeitos da radiação , Arachis/metabolismo , Genótipo , Folhas de Planta/genética , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Resveratrol , Tetraploidia , Raios UltravioletaRESUMO
The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the effect of the low-level laser in the prevention and treatment of mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. A total of 70 patients with malignant neoplasms in the oral cavity or oropharynx were evaluated. The patients were randomized into two low-level laser therapy groups: Group 1 (660nm/15mW/3.8J/cm(2)/spot size 4mm(2)) or Group 2 (660nm/5mW/1.3J/cm(2)/spot size 4mm(2)) starting on the first day of radiotherapy. Oral mucositis was assessed daily and weekly using the NCI and WHO scales. Oral pain was scored daily with a visual analogue scale before laser application. The patients in Group 1 had a mean time of 13.5days (range 6-26days) to present mucositis grade II, while the patients in Group 2 had a mean time of 9.8days (range 4-14days) (both WHO and NCI p=0.005). In addition, Group 2 also presented a higher mucositis grade than Group 1 with significant differences found in weeks 2 (p=0.019), 3 (p=0.005) and 4 (p=0.003) for WHO scale and weeks 2 (p=0.009) and 4 (p=0.013) for NCI scale. The patients in Group 1 reported lower pain levels (p=0.004). Low-level laser therapy during radiotherapy was found to be effective in controlling the intensity of mucositis and pain.
Assuntos
Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Neoplasias Bucais/radioterapia , Mucosite/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/radioterapia , Lesões por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosite/etiologia , Dor/etiologia , Dor/prevenção & controle , Medição da Dor , Estudos Prospectivos , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Radioterapia Conformacional/efeitos adversos , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Avaliaram-se os efeitos da restrição pré e pós-natal sobre o tamanho e o crescimento dos depósitos de gordura de cordeiros Santa Inês. Foram utilizados 68 cordeiros, distribuídos em três tratamentos: com restrição pré-natal (RPRE), com restrição pós-natal (RPOS) e sem restrição (controle). Dentro de cada tratamento, os animais foram aleatoriamente sorteados para serem abatidos após o nascimento e com 10, 15, 25, 35 e 45kg de peso vivo. Os depósitos de gordura (omental, mesentérica, perirenal, pélvica e inguinal) foram registrados. Ao nascimento, os depósitos de gordura foram menores nos animais do tratamento RPRE. Entre 15 a 35kg de peso, a quantidade de gordura foi igual nos animais dos três tratamentos e, a partir desse peso (35kg), com exceção da gordura pélvica, os depósitos no animais do tratamento RPRE foram significativamente maiores. A restrição pré-natal elevou consideravelmente as taxas de ganho da gordura omental, mesentérica, perirenal e pélvica, enquanto a restrição pós-natal influenciou somente a taxa de ganho da gordura inguinal. Cordeiros de todos os grupos apresentaram taxas de desenvolvimento tardias (b>1).(AU)
Effects of pre and postnatal nutritional restriction on allometric growth of internal fat deposits in Santa Ines lambs were evaluated Sixty eight lambs were randomly alloted to three different nutritional restriction:prenatal nutritional restriction (PRER), postnatal nutritional restriction (POSR), and a control group without nutritional restriction. Lambs of each group were randomly sampled and slaughtered at birth and weighing 10, 15, 25, 35 and 45kg. Fat depositts (omental, mesenteric, perirenal, pelvic and inguinal) of slaughtered lambs were recorded. At birth fat deposits were small for animals from treatment RPRE. From 15 to 35kg of live weight the amount of fat was similar for animals from all groups but lambs from PRER group, with live body weight heavier than 35kg, showed higher fat deposits except for pelvic fat. Prenatal nutritional restriction increased increased the omental, mesenteric, perirenal, and pelvic fat deposits and postnatal restriction decreased the inguinal fat deposits. Lambs from all groups showed a positive heterogenic development (b>1).(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Restrição Calórica/veterinária , Gordura Subcutânea , Adiposidade , Ovinos/embriologia , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Avaliaram-se os efeitos da restrição pré e pós-natal sobre o tamanho e o crescimento dos depósitos de gordura de cordeiros Santa Inês. Foram utilizados 68 cordeiros, distribuídos em três tratamentos: com restrição pré-natal (RPRE), com restrição pós-natal (RPOS) e sem restrição (controle). Dentro de cada tratamento, os animais foram aleatoriamente sorteados para serem abatidos após o nascimento e com 10, 15, 25, 35 e 45kg de peso vivo. Os depósitos de gordura (omental, mesentérica, perirenal, pélvica e inguinal) foram registrados. Ao nascimento, os depósitos de gordura foram menores nos animais do tratamento RPRE. Entre 15 a 35kg de peso, a quantidade de gordura foi igual nos animais dos três tratamentos e, a partir desse peso (35kg), com exceção da gordura pélvica, os depósitos no animais do tratamento RPRE foram significativamente maiores. A restrição pré-natal elevou consideravelmente as taxas de ganho da gordura omental, mesentérica, perirenal e pélvica, enquanto a restrição pós-natal influenciou somente a taxa de ganho da gordura inguinal. Cordeiros de todos os grupos apresentaram taxas de desenvolvimento tardias (b>1).
Effects of pre and postnatal nutritional restriction on allometric growth of internal fat deposits in Santa Ines lambs were evaluated Sixty eight lambs were randomly alloted to three different nutritional restriction:prenatal nutritional restriction (PRER), postnatal nutritional restriction (POSR), and a control group without nutritional restriction. Lambs of each group were randomly sampled and slaughtered at birth and weighing 10, 15, 25, 35 and 45kg. Fat depositts (omental, mesenteric, perirenal, pelvic and inguinal) of slaughtered lambs were recorded. At birth fat deposits were small for animals from treatment RPRE. From 15 to 35kg of live weight the amount of fat was similar for animals from all groups but lambs from PRER group, with live body weight heavier than 35kg, showed higher fat deposits except for pelvic fat. Prenatal nutritional restriction increased increased the omental, mesenteric, perirenal, and pelvic fat deposits and postnatal restriction decreased the inguinal fat deposits. Lambs from all groups showed a positive heterogenic development (b>1).
Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Adiposidade , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovinos/embriologia , Restrição Calórica/veterinária , Gordura SubcutâneaRESUMO
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito dos níveis 40, 55 e 70 por cento de concentrado associados a um volumoso de baixa qualidade sobre o consumo e ganho de peso de 16 novilhos mestiços, castrados, com 10 meses de idade e peso vivo inicial médio de 312kg, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetiçöes, durante 63 dias. O volumoso usado foi a aveia (Avena strigosa), tratada com uréia e o concentrado era constituído de milho, farelo de arroz, farelo de soja e minerais. Todas as dietas foram ajustadas para conter 12 por cento de proteína bruta. Houve resposta positiva e linear à proporçäo de concentrado na dieta, para as variáveis ganho de peso diário e consumo de matéria seca expresso em kg/animal/dia, em percentagem do peso vivo e em g por kg de peso metabólico em funçäo da proporçäo de concentrado na dieta. Houve resposta linear negativa para conversäo alimentar. O consumo de matéria seca e o ganho de peso diário aumentaram na medida em que se elevou a proporçäo de concentrado na dieta. O volumoso de baixa qualidade empregado possivelmente limitou o consumo e conseqüentemente o aporte de nutrientes
Assuntos
Animais , Ração Animal , Avena , BovinosRESUMO
This experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of 40, 55 and 70% of concentrate, associated with a low-quality roughage, on the intake and weight gain of 16 crossbred steers, with an average age of 10 months and 312kg of initial liveweight in a completely ramdomized design with three replicates during 63 days. The roughage consisted of oat (Avena strigosa) treated with urea and the concentrate consisted of corn, rice bran, soybean meal and minerals. All diets contained 12% crude protein. A positive linear response was observed for daily weight gain and dry matter intake (expressed either as kg/animal/day, percentage of live weight or metabolic weight), and a negative linear response was observed for feed:gain ratio. The dry matter intake and daily weight gain increased as the concentrate content became higher. The low quality of the roughage possibly limited the feed and nutrient intake of the animals.
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito dos níveis 40, 55 e 70% de concentrado associados a um volumoso de baixa qualidade sobre o consumo e ganho de peso de 16 novilhos mestiços, castrados, com 10 meses de idade e peso vivo inicial médio de 312kg, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetições, durante 63 dias. O volumoso usado foi a aveia (Avena strigosa), tratada com uréia e o concentrado era constituído de milho, farelo de arroz, farelo de soja e minerais. Todas as dietas foram ajustadas para conter 12% de proteína bruta. Houve resposta positiva e linear à proporção de concentrado na dieta, para as variáveis ganho de peso diário e consumo de matéria seca expresso em kg/animal/dia, em percentagem do peso vivo e em g por kg de peso metabólico em função da proporção de concentrado na dieta. Houve resposta linear negativa para conversão alimentar. O consumo de matéria seca e o ganho de peso diário aumentaram na medida em que se elevou a proporção de concentrado na dieta. O volumoso de baixa qualidade empregado possivelmente limitou o consumo e conseqüentemente o aporte de nutrientes.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: An efficient treatment of extrahepatic biliary atresia demands that the diagnostic differentiation between intra- and extrahepatic neonatal cholestasis be performed by the eighth week of life. This study aimed at evaluate the age of the patients admitted to a general hospital for differential diagnosis of cholestatic jaundice. METHODS: Forty nine children from the Pediatric Service at Hospital de Clínicas, in Porto Alegre, have been studied between 1984 and 1991, according to the protocol for diagnostic elucidation followed by this hospital, which includes biliary tract scintigraphy with Tc-99m DISIDA and, depending on its results, an wedge or percutaneous liver biopsy. The ages of the children have been compared on the occasion of the procedures. Twenty six cases have been studied retrospectively and 23, prospectively. RESULTS: Both the patients with intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis underwent scintigraphy, on average at over eight weeks (age 77.94 +/- 42.98 days) and the histopathological study of the liver was performed approximately two weeks after scintigraphy. Only six patients (12.8% of the 47 cases) underwent the liver biopsy before the first eighth week of life. CONCLUSIONS: A delay was observed in referring patients for differential diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis and the performance of tests. The need of hospitalization in order to conduct these procedures delays even further this diagnosis, which should be concluded by the eighth week of life.