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OBJECTIVES: A recent European randomized trial - Tracheal Occlusion To Accelerate Lung Growth - demonstrated that fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) is associated with increased postnatal survival among infants with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). However, this differs in middle-income countries such as Brazil, where abortion is illegal and neonatal intensive care is inadequate. This study evaluated the effects of FETO on improving the survival of infants with moderate-to-severe CDH in isolated and non-isolated cases. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study selected 49 fetuses with CDH, a normal karyotype, and a lung-to-head ratio (LHR) of <1 from a single national referral center for fetal surgery in São Paulo, Brazil, between January 2016 and November 2019. FETO was performed between 26 and 29 weeks of gestation. The primary outcomes were infant survival until discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit and survival until six months of age. RESULTS: Forty-six women with singleton fetuses having severe CDH underwent prenatal intervention with FETO. Infant survival rates until discharge and at six months of age were both 38 %. The observed-to-expected LHR increased by 25 % after FETO in neonates who survived until discharge. Spontaneous intrauterine death occurred in four growth-restricted fetuses after FETO. Preterm birth in <37 weeks and preterm rupture of membranes in <34 weeks occurred in 56.5 % (26) and 26 % (12) cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: FETO may increase neonatal survival in fetuses with severe CDH, particularly in countries with limited neonatal intensive care.

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OBJECTIVES: Changes in placental features, such as maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion, are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The anatomopathologic study of the placenta is crucial for understanding pregnancy and fetal complications. To that end, this study aimed to describe placental features and analyze the association between placental findings and perinatal outcomes in a cohort of pregnant women with severe COVID-19. METHODS: This nested study within a prospective cohort study consisted of 121 singleton pregnant women with a diagnosis of severe COVID-19. Placental pathologic findings were described, and the associations between severe COVID-19 and clinical parameters and perinatal outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of maternal vascular malperfusion was 52.1%, followed by fetal vascular malperfusion at 21.5%, ascending intrauterine infections at 11.6%, and inflammatory lesions at 11.6%. Other lesions were observed in 39.7% of the placentas examined. Inflammatory lesions were an independent factor (P = .042) in 5-minute Apgar scores below 7. Ascending infection was associated with fetal death (P = .027). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal vascular malperfusion was the most prevalent placental feature in patients with severe COVID-19. Chorangiosis is associated with poor perinatal outcomes.

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BACKGROUND: The excess neonatal adiposity is considered a risk factor for the development of childhood obesity and the birth weight is a marker of health throughout life. AIMS: To evaluate the effect of a lifestyle intervention conducted among pregnant women with overweight on neonatal adiposity and birth weight. METHODS: A total of 350 pregnant women were recruited and randomly allocated into the control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups. Pregnant women in the IG were invited to participate in three nutritional counselling sessions based on encouraging the consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, rather than ultra-processed foods, following the NOVA food classification system, which categorizes foods according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing, and the regular practice of physical activity. Neonatal adiposity was estimated using a previously validated anthropometric model. Adjusted linear regression models were used to measure the effect. RESULTS: Adopting the modified intention-to-treat principle, data from 256 neonates were analyzed for birth weight, and data from 163 for body composition estimation. The treatment had no effect on the proportion of fat mass [ß 0.52 (95 % CI -1.03, 2.06); p = .51], fat-free mass [ß -0.50 (95 % CI -2.45, 1.45); p = .61] or birth weight [ß 53.23 (95 % CI -87.19, 193.64); p = .46]. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the lifestyle counselling used had no effect on neonatal adiposity or birth weight. Future studies should investigate the effect of more intensive interventions.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare endometrial thickness with the use of transdermal estrogen (gel) versus oral estrogen (pills) for endometrial preparation in the frozen embryo transfer cycle and serum estrogen concentrations during the preparation cycle, side effects, and chemical and clinical pregnancy rates. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial of women undergoing endometrial preparation for cryopreserved blastocyst transfer. A total of 88 women were randomized, of which 82 completed the study protocol. Of this group, 44 received 6 mg/day of estradiol valerate orally (pills group) and 38 received 4.5 mg/day of estradiol hemihydrate transdermally (gel group). Endometrial thickness was measured using transvaginal ultrasound between the 7 and 10th day of the cycle. Serum estradiol concentrations were measured on the day of initiating the cycle, on control transvaginal ultrasounds, and on the day of embryo transfer. Side effects were documented at each study visit. p<0.05 were adopted as statistically significant. The groups were compared using Student's t-test for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. RESULTS: There were no significant group differences (p>0.05) in endometrial thickness, biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates, miscarriage rate, blood estradiol concentrations, duration of estradiol administration, or cycle cancellation rates. CONCLUSION: Endometrial preparation with transdermal estrogen yielded similar reproductive outcomes to oral estrogen with fewer side effects.

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is characterised by fever, heart murmurs, and emboli. Splenic emboli are frequent in left-sided IE. A systematic review of the literature published on splenic embolism (SE) between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. Search strategies in electronic databases identified 2751 studies published between 1 January 2000 and 4 October 2023, of which 29 were finally included. The results showed that the imaging tests predominantly used to detect embolisms were computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, single-photon emission computed tomography/CT, ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. More recent studies typically used 18F-FDG PET-CT. The proportion of SE ranged from 1.4% to 71.7%. Only seven studies performed systematic conventional CT screening for intra-abdominal emboli, and the weighted mean frequency of SE was 22% (range: 8-34.8%). 18F-FDG PET-CT was performed systematically in seven studies, and splenic uptake was found in a weighted mean of 4.5%. There was a lack of uniformity in the published literature regarding the frequency and management of splenic embolisation. CT scans were the most frequently used method, until recently, when 18F-FDG PET-CT scans began to predominate. More data are necessary regarding the frequency of SE, especially focusing on their impact on IE management and prognosis.

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OBJECTIVE: Studies that have investigated the effect of nutritional counseling during the prenatal period on the follow-up outcomes of children at 6 mo have produced inconclusive results. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional counseling, based on the NOVA food classification, encouraging the consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods, with overweight adult pregnant women on infant growth at 6 mo of age. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial with 195 pairs of pregnant overweight women and their infants at 6 mo of age was conducted in a Brazilian municipality. The pregnant women were allocated to the control group (CG) or intervention group (IG) at the beginning of the pregnancy. The IG received three sessions of nutrition counseling throughout the pregnancy. Linear regression models were used to investigate the effect of the nutritional counseling on infant growth. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-five mother-infant pairs with complete data were included (96 CG, and 99 IG). The mean ± SD infant weight (g) at 6 mo was 7856.1 ± 1.1, and length (cm) was 67.0 ± 2.9. There were no differences in maternal and newborn characteristics between the groups. In the linear regression models, the counseling had no effect on anthropometric parameters of the infants at 6 mo of age: weight-for-length Z-score (ß 0.089 [95% CI -0.250; 0.427], P = 0.61); length-for-age Z-score (ß 0.032 [95% CI -0.299; 0.363], P = 0.85); weight-for-age Z-score (ß 0.070 [95% CI -0.260; 0.400], P = 0.68); BMI-age Z-score (ß 0.072 [95% CI -0.270; 0.414], P = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS: There was no effect on infant growth at 6 mo of age after the nutritional counseling during pregnancy. Future studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

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Introducción: la discusión sobre los cuidados paliativos en ambientes de alta tecnología y prácticas intervencionistas es uno de los muchos aspectos a considerar en el desafío de proporcionar un continuum de vivir y morir bien a los ancianos. Objetivo: mapear e identificar la literatura existente sobre las acciones de enfermería dirigidas a los cuidados paliativos de los pacientes ancianos en el contexto de la hospitalización quirúrgica. Materiales y método: se realizó una revisión exploratoria en ocho bases de datos, siguiendo las directrices del Instituto Joanna Briggs y los Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: cuidados de enfermería; cuidados paliativos; ancianos; cirugía. Se seleccionaron como criterios de inclusión investigaciones primarias, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y ensayos clínicos. La búsqueda se realizó en tres etapas: listado base/aplicación de prueba piloto; búsqueda amplia/aplicación de la estrategia "PCC" (population, concept, context); lectura completa de los materiales. Se devolvieron 509 producciones, gestionadas mediante el software Rayyan®, y se seleccionaron 13 estudios. El protocolo se registró en el Open Science Framework. Resultados: la población única total fue de 10 417 personas de entre 60 y 109 años. Las intervenciones más frecuentes se refieren a la dimensión física, de control sintomático; la dimensión cultural, en la que destacan los dilemas presentes en un entorno con altas expectativas de curación y rígidos protocolos intervencionistas, así como la dimensión comunicativa, herramienta básica de los cuidados paliativos. Conclusiones: los ancianos con enfermedades graves pueden beneficiarse de los cuidados paliativos en el entorno perioperatorio. Sin embargo, es necesario formar al equipo de enfermería en el control del dolor, capacitarlo para participar en decisiones éticas y capacitarlo para una mejor comunicación. Cabe señalar que las pruebas sobre las intervenciones para mejorar los cuidados paliativos siguen estando limitadas por defectos metodológicos, por lo que se necesitan evaluaciones rigurosas para medir resultados significativos para los pacientes y la atención.

Introdução: a discussão sobre cuidados paliativos em ambientes de alta tecnologia e prática intervencionista representa um dos muitos aspectos a serem considerados no desafio de proporcionar um continuum de viver e morrer bem para a pessoa idosa. Objetivo: mapear e identificar na literatura as produções existentes sobre as ações de enfermagem voltadas ao cuidado paliativo ao paciente idoso no contexto de hospitalização cirúrgica. Materiais e método: revisão de escopo, realizada em oito bases de dados, seguindo as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute e do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: cuidados de enfermagem; cuidados paliativos; idosos; cirurgia. Como critério de inclusão, foram selecionadas pesquisas primárias, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e ensaios clínicos. A busca foi realizada em três etapas: arrolamento das bases/aplicação de teste-piloto; busca ampla/aplicação da estratégia "PCC" (population, concept, context); leitura completa dos materiais. Foram retornadas 509 produções, gerenciadas no software Rayyan®, das quais 13 estudos foram selecionados. O protocolo foi registrado no Open Science Framework. Resultados: a população total única foi de 10 417 pessoas, entre 60 e 109 anos. As intervenções mais frequentes dizem respeito à dimensão física, de controle sintomático; à dimensão cultural, na qual se destacam os dilemas presentes em ambiente com alta expectativa de cura e rígidos protocolos intervencionistas, bem como à dimensão da comunicação, ferramenta básica do cuidado paliativo. Conclusões: pessoas idosas com doenças graves podem se beneficiar do cuidado paliativo no ambiente perioperatório. No entanto, há necessidade de aperfeiçoamento de enfermeiros no controle da dor, no empoderamento para a participação em decisões éticas e na capacitação para uma melhor comunicação. Ressalta-se que as evidências sobre intervenções para melhorar os cuidados paliativos ainda são limitadas por falhas metodológicas, portanto são necessárias avaliações rigorosas que meçam resultados significativos para os pacientes e para a assistência.

Introduction: The discussion on palliative care in high-tech environments and interventional practice represents one of the various aspects to be considered in the challenge of providing a continuum of wellness in living and dying for the elderly. Objective: To map and identify the existing works in the literature on nursing actions that focus on palliative care for elderly patients in surgical hospitalization settings. Materials and methods: This scoping review was conducted on eight databases, following the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review guidelines. The following descriptors were used: nursing care; palliative care; elderly; surgery. The inclusion criteria were the following: primary research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. The search was performed in three stages: database listing / pilot test; broad search/application of the "PCC" strategy (population, concept, context); and full reading of the content. A total of 509 productions were retrieved and then managed using the Rayyan® software, of which 13 studies were selected. The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. Results: The total population consisted of 10,417 people aged from 60 to 109. The most frequent interventions included the physical dimension, for symptomatic control; the cultural dimension, in which the dilemmas present in an environment with a high expectation for recovery and rigid interventionist protocols were highlighted, as well as the communication dimension, which is a basic tool of palliative care. Conclusions: Elderly people with serious conditions can benefit from palliative care in the perioperative setting. However, there is a need for training nurses in pain management, empowerment to participate in ethical decisions, and training for better communication. It should be noted that evidence on interventions to improve palliative care is still limited by methodological flaws, so rigorous evaluations are needed to measure significant results for patients and care.

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Background: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easily accessible and inexpensive biomarker that has been shown to predict morbidity and mortality in congenital cardiac surgery. However, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to compare and correlate the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, and IL-10 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with the NLR in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). Methods: A prospective translational study was conducted on 10 children with ToF and 10 with VSD, aged between 1 and 24 months. The NLR was calculated from the blood count taken 24 hours before surgery. The expression of these mRNAs was analyzed in the myocardial tissue of the right atrium prior to cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: Patients with ToF exhibited a higher NLR [ToF 0.46 (interquartile range; IQR) 0.90; VSD 0.28 (IQR 0.17); P=0.02], longer mechanical ventilation time [ToF 24 h (IQR 93); VSD 5.5 h (IQR 8); P<0.001], increased use of vasoactive drugs [ToF 2 days (IQR 1.75); VSD 0 (IQR 1); P=0.01], and longer ICU [ToF 5.5 (IQR 1); VSD 2 (IQR 0.75); P=0.02] and hospital length of stays [ToF 18 days (IQR 17.5); VSD 8.5 days (IQR 2.5); P<0.001]. A negative correlation was found between NLR and oxygen saturation (SaO2) (r=-0.44; P=0.002). In terms of mRNA expression, the ToF group showed a lower expression of IL-10 mRNA (P=0.03). A positive correlation was observed between IL-10-mRNA and SaO2 (r=0.40; P=0.07), and a negative correlation with NLR (r=-0.27; P=0.14). Conclusions: Patients with ToF demonstrated a higher preoperative NLR and lower IL-10 mRNA expression by what appears to be a pro-inflammatory phenotype of cyanotic patients.

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OBJECTIVE: Craniofacial and oral manifestations of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) can affect the functioning of the stomatognathic system and impact the patient's quality of life. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between craniofacial and oral manifestations and the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of OI children and adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 30 OI patients aged eight to fourteen years old followed up at the Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases were enrolled in the research. OHRQoL was assessed using the short form of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) for eight to ten-year-olds (CPQ8-10) and 11 to 14-year-olds (CPQ11-14). The relationship between the OHRQoL index and its assessment domains, OI types, and the presence of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), class III malocclusion, and dental agenesis were evaluated. RESULTS: The median CPQ score of patients was 5, and there was no significant difference in OHRQoL between children and adolescents, nor associated with the disease severity or the presence of DI. The oral manifestations evaluated did not directly impact the patients' OHRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that the perception of OHRQoL is similar for both adolescents and children. The oral symptom was the most relevant domain for the index among patients aged eight to fourteen years while the emotional well-being was the most impacted. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: this study makes contributions by indicating that addressing dental care for children and adolescents with OI is important in clinical management and better OHRQoL for this population.

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INTRODUCTION: The echocardiographic diagnosis criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) are highly specific but sensitivity is low, especially in the early stages of the disease. The role of echocardiographic strain in ARVC has not been fully elucidated, although prior studies suggest that it can improve the detection of subtle functional abnormalities. The purposes of the study were to determine whether these advanced measures of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction on echocardiogram, including RV strain, increase diagnostic value for ARVC disease detection and to evaluate the association of echocardiographic parameters with arrhythmic outcomes. METHODS: The study included 28 patients from the Heart Institute of São Paulo ARVC cohort with a definite diagnosis of ARVC established according to the 2010 Task Force Criteria. All patients were submitted to ECHO's advanced techniques including RV strain, and the parameters were compared to prior conventional visual ECHO and CMR. RESULTS: In total, 28 patients were enrolled in order to perform ECHO's advanced techniques. A total of 2/28 (7%) patients died due to a cardiovascular cause, 2/28 (7%) underwent heart transplantation, and 14/28 (50%) patients developed sustained ventricular arrhythmic events. Among ECHO's parameters, RV dilatation, measured by RVDd (p = 0.018) and RVOT PSAX (p = 0.044), was significantly associated with arrhythmic outcomes. RV free wall longitudinal strain < 14.35% in absolute value was associated with arrhythmic outcomes (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that ECHO's advanced techniques improve ARVC detection and that abnormal RV strain can be associated with arrhythmic risk stratification. Further studies are necessary to better demonstrate these findings and contribute to risk stratification in ARVC, in addition to other well-known risk markers.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare endometrial thickness with the use of transdermal estrogen (gel) versus oral estrogen (pills) for endometrial preparation in the frozen embryo transfer cycle and serum estrogen concentrations during the preparation cycle, side effects, and chemical and clinical pregnancy rates. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial of women undergoing endometrial preparation for cryopreserved blastocyst transfer. A total of 88 women were randomized, of which 82 completed the study protocol. Of this group, 44 received 6 mg/day of estradiol valerate orally (pills group) and 38 received 4.5 mg/day of estradiol hemihydrate transdermally (gel group). Endometrial thickness was measured using transvaginal ultrasound between the 7 and 10th day of the cycle. Serum estradiol concentrations were measured on the day of initiating the cycle, on control transvaginal ultrasounds, and on the day of embryo transfer. Side effects were documented at each study visit. p<0.05 were adopted as statistically significant. The groups were compared using Student's t-test for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. RESULTS: There were no significant group differences (p>0.05) in endometrial thickness, biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates, miscarriage rate, blood estradiol concentrations, duration of estradiol administration, or cycle cancellation rates. CONCLUSION: Endometrial preparation with transdermal estrogen yielded similar reproductive outcomes to oral estrogen with fewer side effects.

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Resumo Objetivo Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre segurança medicamentosa de pessoas idosas no contexto hospitalar. Método Trata-se de uma Revisão de escopo. Foram feitas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE, e PUBMED, sobre a temática segurança medicamentosa de pacientes idosos no contexto hospitalar. Utilizaram-se os descritores em saúde de acordo com o DECS: Segurança do paciente, idoso, medicamentos, hospital. Foram incluídos na pesquisa: artigos completos disponíveis na íntegra, com os idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Excluídos artigos duplicados, teses e dissertações. Resultados A busca resultou 172 publicações. Após leitura dos títulos e resumos, oito artigos foram selecionados por se adequarem aos critérios de inclusão. A amostra final desta revisão de escopo totalizou oito estudos selecionados e excluídos o restante por não contemplarem o tema da pesquisa. A revisão possibilitou mapear um quantitativo expressivo de publicações sobre segurança medicamentosa de pessoas idosas hospitalizadas. Conclusão Esta revisão encontrou propostas de estratégias de prevenção de erros de medicação no ambiente hospitalar.

Abstract Objective To identify the scientific evidence available in the literature on medication safety for older adults in the hospital setting. Method A scoping review was conducted on medication safety among older patients in the hospital setting involving searches of the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE, and PUBMED databases Health descriptors were used according to DECS: patient safety, elderly, medications, hospital. The study included complete articles available in full, in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Duplicate articles, theses and dissertations were excluded. Results The search retrieved 172 publications. After reading of titles and abstracts, 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The final sample of this scoping review comprised 8 selected studies, while the rest were excluded for being off-topic. The review allowed mapping of a significant number of publications on medication safety for hospitalized older adults. Conclusion This review found proposed strategies for preventing medication errors in the hospital environment.

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Objetivo: Descrever, segundo a literatura, a relação entre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista e a ecolalia. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica na BVS, PubMed e Scielo, utilizando os descritores DECS/MESH "Transtorno do Espectro Autista AND ecolalia" e "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combinados pelo operador booleano "AND". Resultados: Predominaram estudos qualitativos (35,7%) com baixo nível de evidência (92,8%). A maioria das pesquisas (78,6%) foi conduzida nos Estados Unidos da América em 2021, com participantes de 1 a 40 anos, sendo a ecolalia frequentemente observada em crianças de 2 anos (28,6%). A abordagem ao tratamento da ecolalia foi mencionada em apenas 21,4% dos estudos, destacando métodos comportamentais. Conclusão: A ecolalia, fenômeno persistente no TEA, é uma notável peculiaridade na comunicação verbal, apresentando variações imediatas, tardias e mitigadas. Suas implicações continuam a desafiar o desenvolvimento e as intervenções clínicas.(AU)

Objective: To describe, based on the literature, the relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and echolalia. Method: An integrative review of scientific literature was conducted using BVS, PubMed, and Scielo databases, employing the DECS/MESH descriptors "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND echolalia" and "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combined with the Boolean operator "AND." Results: Qualitative studies predominated (35.7%) with low levels of evidence (92.8%). The majority of research (78.6%) was conducted in the United States in 2021, involving participants aged 1 to 40, with echolalia frequently observed in 2-year-old children (28.6%). The approach to echolalia treatment was mentioned in only 21.4% of the studies, emphasizing behavioral methods. Conclusion: Echolalia, a persistent phenomenon in Autism Spectrum Disorder, represents a notable peculiarity in verbal communication, exhibiting immediate, delayed, and mitigated variations. Its implications continue to challenge development and clinical interventions.(AU)

Objetivo: Describir, según la literatura, la relación entre el Trastorno del Espectro Autista y la ecolalia. Método: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura científica en las bases de datos BVS, PubMed y Scielo, utilizando los descriptores DECS/MESH "Trastorno del Espectro Autista AND ecolalia" y "Autism Spectrum Disorder AND Echolalia" combinados con el operador booleano "AND". Resultados: Predominaron los estudios cualitativos (35,7%) con un bajo nivel de evidencia (92,8%). La mayoría de las investigaciones (78,6%) se llevaron a cabo en Estados Unidos en 2021, con participantes de 1 a 40 años, siendo la ecolalia observada con frecuencia en niños de 2 años (28,6%). El enfoque para el tratamiento de la ecolalia se mencionó solo en el 21,4% de los estudios, destacando métodos conductuales. Conclusión: La ecolalia, un fenómeno persistente en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista, representa una notable peculiaridad en la comunicación verbal, mostrando variaciones inmediatas, tardías y mitigadas. Sus implicaciones siguen desafiando el desarrollo y las intervenciones clínicas.(AU)

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This study aimed to investigate the role of Se supply in improving osmotic stress tolerance in coffee seedlings while also evaluating the best timing for Se application. Five times of Se foliar application were assessed during induced osmotic stress with PEG-6000 using the day of imposing stress as a default, plus two control treatments: with osmotic stress and without Se, and without osmotic stress and Se. Results demonstrated that osmotic stress (OS) promoted mild stress in the coffee plants (ψw from -1.5MPa to -2.5 MPa). Control plants under stress showed seven and five times lower activity of the enzymes GR and SOD compared with the non-stressed ones, and OS was found to further induce starch degradation, which was potentialized by the Se foliar supply. The seedlings that received foliar Se application 8 days before the stress exhibited higher CAT, APX, and SOD than the absolute control (-OS-Se)-771.1%, 356.3%, and 266.5% higher, respectively. In conclusion, previous Se foliar spray is more effective than the Se supply after OS to overcome the adverse condition. On the other hand, the post-stress application seems to impose extra stress on the plants, leading them to reduce their water potential.

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Introduction: The increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus has led to public health consequences. Several individuals with diabetes lose sensitivity and may present foot deformities, resulting in diabetic foot. Knowing about self-care deficits can allow for planning healthcare in the management of diabetic foot and improve the patient's quality of life. Objective: To identify, from the scientific literature, the main self-care deficits present in elderly people with diabetic foot ulcers, based on Orem's self-care deficit theory. Materials and methods: This is an integrative review study. The search for studies was performed in January 2022, using the descriptors "diabetic foot", "self-care," and "aged." The following virtual library and databases were used: BVS, Lilacs, Medline and BDEnf via PubMed. The adaptation of the Prisma flowchart was used. A synthesis of the articles was performed with the description of the main results and self-care deficits according to Orem's self-care theory. Results: Socioeconomic conditions, skin characteristics, activities, leisure and rest, diet, neurological conditions, and lack of knowledge about the need for therapeutic support and treatment were the main factors related to self-care deficits. Conclusion: The scientific evidence generated provides a foundation for carrying out new studies on the theme, as well as assisting in decision-making by nurses to adopt measures that assist in the self-care of this population group, in addition to guiding this population regarding the necessary care.

Introdução: o aumento da incidência do diabetes mellitus vem acarretando consequências à saúde pública. Muitos indivíduos com diabetes perdem a sensibilidade e podem desenvolver deformidades nos pés, ocasionando o pé diabético. Conhecer os déficits de autocuidado pode permitir o planejamento da assistência à saúde no manejo do pé diabético e melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente. Objetivo: identificar, a partir da literatura científica, os principais déficits de autocuidado presentes em idosos com úlceras de pé diabético, fundamentando na teoria do déficit de autocuidado de Orem. Materiais e método: trata-se de um estudo do tipo revisão integrativa. A busca dos estudos ocorreu em janeiro de 2022, a partir dos descritores "pé diabético", "autocuidado" e "idoso". Utilizaram-se as bases de dados e biblioteca virtual: BVS, Lilacs, Medline e BDEnf por meio da PubMed. A adaptação do fluxograma Prisma foi utilizada. Uma síntese dos artigos foi realizada com a descrição dos principais resultados e déficits de autocuidado conforme a teoria de autocuidado de Orem. Resultados: condições socioeconômicas, características da pele, atividades, lazer e repouso, alimentação, condições neurológicas e falta de conhecimento sobre a necessidade de suporte terapêutico e de tratamento foram as principais situações relacionadas aos déficits de autocuidado. Conclusão: a evidência científica gerada serve como base para realizar novos estudos sobre a temática, assim como auxilia na tomada de decisões por parte do enfermeiro para adotar medidas que auxiliem no autocuidado desse grupo populacional, além de orientar essa população quanto aos cuidados necessários.

Introducción: el aumento de la incidencia de la diabetes mellitus ha tenido consecuencias para la salud pública. Muchos individuos con diabetes pierden sensibilidad y pueden desarrollar deformidades en los pies, dando lugar al pie diabético. Conocer los déficits de autocuidado puede permitir la planificación de la asistencia sanitaria en el manejo del pie diabético y mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. Objetivo: identificar, desde la literatura, los principales déficits de autocuidado presentes en adultos mayores con úlceras de pie diabético, con base en la teoría del déficit de autocuidado de Orem. Materiales y método: se trata de una revisión integradora. La búsqueda de estudios se realizó en enero de 2022, utilizando los descriptores "pie diabético", "autocuidado" y "anciano". Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos y bibliotecas virtuales: BVS, Lilacs, Medline y BDEnf a través de PubMed. Se utilizó la adaptación del diagrama de flujo Prisma. Se realizó una síntesis de los artículos con la descripción de los principales resultados y déficits de autocuidado según la teoría de autocuidado de Orem. Resultados: condiciones socioeconómicas, características de la piel, actividades, ocio y descanso, alimentación, condiciones neurológicas y desconocimiento de la necesidad de apoyo terapéutico y tratamiento fueron las principales situaciones relacionadas a los déficits de autocuidado. Conclusiones: se destaca la importancia de la educación sanitaria, el manejo terapéutico, los cuidados individualizados y el uso de una herramienta de consultas de enfermería para apoyar la prevención del pie diabético y mejorar la calidad de vida de los ancianos.

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Inhibition of ABC transporters is a promising approach to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer. Herein, we report the characterization of a potent ABCG2 inhibitor, namely, chromone 4a (C4a). Molecular docking and in vitro assays using ABCG2 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressing membrane vesicles of insect cells revealed that C4a interacts with both transporters, while showing selectivity toward ABCG2 using cell-based transport assays. C4a inhibited the ABCG2-mediated efflux of different substrates and molecular dynamic simulations demonstrated that C4a binds in the Ko143-binding pocket. Liposomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) of Giardia intestinalis and human blood were used to successfully bypass the poor water solubility and delivery of C4a as assessed by inhibition of the ABCG2 function. Human blood EVs also promoted delivery of the well-known P-gp inhibitor, elacridar. Here, for the first time, we demonstrated the potential use of plasma circulating EVs for drug delivery of hydrophobic drugs targeting membrane proteins.

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PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and progression of lower urinary tract symptoms following laparoscopic surgery for deep-infiltrating endometriosis of the rectosigmoid and identify preoperative factors associated with worse postoperative outcomes. METHODS: Prospective, observational study. SETTINGS: single-center, referral hospital for endometriosis. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for deep-infiltrating endometriosis of the rectosigmoid colon between October 2016 and October 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: urinary function was assessed with the validated Portuguese language version of the International Prostate Symptom Score, which is also used in women. The score was collected before and after surgery. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre and postoperative scores and the chi-square test compared symptoms categorized by severity. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients were assessed and 44 were included. Concerning urinary symptoms after surgery, the irritative symptoms prevailed over the obstructive ones. Additionally, 58.8% and 54.5% of the women reported moderate or severe symptoms at pre and postoperative, respectively. In at least one questionnaire category, the postoperative questionnaire scores increased in ten (22.7%) participants. A statistically significant difference was found comparing the changes from absent/mild to moderate/severe IPSS categories (P = 0.039). No significant changes were identified in any of the International Prostate Symptom Score pre and postoperatively (P = 0.876). CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of pre and postoperative urinary symptoms. Patients with preoperative moderate/severe International Prostate Symptom Score are at risk of persisting urinary dysfunction after surgery for rectosigmoid deep endometriosis.

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BACKGROUND: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), a rare inherited disease, causes ventricular tachycardia, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure (HF). We investigated ARVC clinical features, genetic findings, natural history, and the occurrence of life-threatening arrhythmic events (LTAEs), HF death, or heart transplantation (HF-death/HTx) to identify risk factors. METHODS: The clinical course of 111 consecutive patients with definite ARVC, predictors of LTAE, HF-death/HTx, and combined events were analyzed in the entire cohort and in a subgroup of 40 patients without sustained ventricular arrhythmia before diagnosis. RESULTS: The 5-year cumulative probability of LTAE was 30% and HF-death/HTx was 10%. Predictors of HF-death/HTx were reduced right ventricle ejection fraction (HR: 0.93; P=0.010), HF symptoms (HR: 4.37; P=0.010), epsilon wave (HR: 4.99; P=0.015), and number of leads with low QRS voltage (HR: 1.28; P=0.001). Each additional lead with low QRS voltage increased the risk of HF-death/HTx by 28%. Predictors of LTAE were prior syncope (HR: 1.81; P=0.040), number of leads with T wave inversion (HR: 1.17; P=0.039), low QRS voltage (HR: 1.12; P=0.021), younger age (HR: 0.97; P=0.006), and prior ventricular arrhythmia/ventricular fibrillation (HR: 2.45; P=0.012). Each additional lead with low QRS voltage increased the risk of LTAE by 17%. In patients without ventricular arrhythmia before clinical diagnosis of ARVC, the number of leads with low QRS voltage (HR: 1.68; P=0.023) was independently associated with HF-death/HTx. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated the characteristics of a specific cohort with a high prevalence of arrhythmic burden at presentation, male predominance, younger age and HF severe outcomes. Our main results suggest that the presence and extension of low QRS voltage can be a risk predictor for HF-death/HTx in ARVC patients, regardless of the arrhythmic risk. This study can contribute to the global ARVC risk stratification, adding new insights to the international current scientific knowledge.

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OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adesão medicamentosa em idosos que fazem o uso de polifarmácia no âmbito da Atenção Básica. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de caráter quantitativo. A amostra foi constituída por 231 idosos. RESULTADOS: Dos 231 idosos que participaram do estudo 36,4% eram do sexo masculino e 63,6% do sexo feminino. A média de idade observada foi de 73,4 (± 8,7) anos. Houve uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis "sexo", "quantidade de medicamentos" e "possui cuidador". Ademais, observou-se a correlação estatística positiva entre a idade e a quantidade de medicamentos utilizada pelo idoso. A prevalência de polifarmácia identificada foi de 16,0%. A maior parte dos usuários de múltiplos fármacos apresentaram adesão ao tratamento (86,5%). CONCLUSÃO: Presume-se a necessidade de uma maior investigação da relação entre o cuidador e a quantidade medicamentos utilizados pelos idosos, além da capacitação profissional para o manejo da polifarmácia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate drug adherence in elderly people who use polypharmacy in the context of primary care. METHOD: Cross-sectional study of quantitative character. The sample consisted of 231 elderly. RESULTS: Of the 231 elderly who participated in the study, 36.4% were male and 63.6% were female. The mean age observed was 73.4 (± 8.7) years. There was a statistically significant difference among the variables "sex", "quantity of drugs" and "has caregiver". In addition, a positive statistical correlation was observed between age and the amount of drugs used by the elderly. The prevalence of polypharmacy identified was 16.0%. Most users of multiple drugs showed adherence to treatment (86.5%). CONCLUSION: It is assumed the need for a greater investigation of the relationship between the caregiver and the amount of medicines used by the elderly, in addition to professional training for the management of polypharmacy.

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