RESUMO
Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were monitored to determine possible alterations of the sympathetic nervous system caused by hypertonic fluid administration. Iv infusion (3.5 ml/kg, 1 min) of 7.5% NaCl/6% Hespan transiently increased both plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels to 197 +/- 28% and 220 +/- 30% of control, respectively, at 1 min. These increases were no longer significant 5 or 15 min following infusion. A brief hypotension was also observed immediately following hypertonic fluid administration. Thus, prolonged sympathetic activation does not occur following hypertonic fluid infusion in normovolemic conscious rats.
Assuntos
Epinefrina/sangue , Soluções Hipertônicas/farmacologia , Norepinefrina/sangue , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Estado de Consciência/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções Hipertônicas/administração & dosagem , Infusões Intravenosas , RatosRESUMO
Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were monitored to determine possible alterations of the sympathetic nervous system caused by hypertonic fluid adeministration. Iv infusion (3.5 ml/Kg, 1 min) of 7.5% NaCl/6% Hespan transiently increased both plasma norepinephrine and epinehrine levels to 197 ñ 28% and 220 ñ 30% of control, respectively, at 1 min. These increases were no longer significant 5 or 15 min following infusion. A brief hypotension was also observed immediately following hypertonic fluid administration. This, prolonged sympathetic activation does not occur following hypertonic fluid infusion in normovolemic conscious rats
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Epinefrina/sangue , Soluções Hipertônicas/farmacologia , Norepinefrina/sangue , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/efeitos dos fármacos , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Estado de Consciência/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções Hipertônicas/administração & dosagem , Infusões IntravenosasRESUMO
Six girls, aged 5 to 15 years, presented with thyroid masses in otherwise nonpalpable thyroid glands and with normal serum thyroxine levels. Scintiscanning before and after TSH stimulation confirmed the presence of autonomous nodules in the four adolescents, of whom two had elevated T3 levels. Surgical exploration revealed adenomatous thyroid hyperplasia in three of the girls and papillary adenocarcinoma in the fourth. Scans in the other two girls revealed absence of the left lobe. One of them proved to have agenesis of the left lobe with enlargement of the right lobe because of lymphocytic thyroiditis. The other girl had an ectopic thyroid with chronic inflammation. A thorough diagnostic evaluation of single or multiple functioning thyroid masses in children and adolescents is essential in establishing the correct diagnosis. The possibility that carcinoma can occur in autonomous nodules as well as in hemiagenesis and ectopic thyroid tissue is discussed. An approach to the management of functioning thyroid masses in the pediatric age group is proposed.