RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic fungi able to produce dermatophytosis or tinea infections. In Chile, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes are the ones most commonly isolated in adults, while Microsporum canis is found among children. Treatment of these infections is usually with topical or oral antifungals, such as griseofulvin or azole derivatives (clotrimazole, itraconazole, fluconazole), allylamines (terbinafine) or new drugs that are available. AIMS: Evaluation of the in vitro susceptibility of dermatophytes to five antifungal agents and the comparison of the susceptibility pattern with that of previous years. METHODS: Sixty-two clinical isolates of dermatophyte fungi were studied (March-June 2010). The CLSI M38-A2 micromethod was used. RESULTS: Fluconazole MIC values for T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes varied between 0.25 and 1 µg/ml; MIC range to clotrimazole, terbinafine and itraconazole was 0.03-0.06 µg/ml, and MIC values for griseofulvin were 0.015-0.03 µg/ml. No statistically significant differences were found between susceptibility patterns, except for fluconazole. CONCLUSIONS: Fluconazole was less active in comparison with other drugs tested (0.25-1 µg/ml). None of the isolates were resistant to any of the drugs, and no changes in the susceptibility pattern were observed when comparing the results with data previously reported concerning dermatophytes in Chile.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Griseofulvina/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Naftalenos/farmacologia , Tinha/microbiologia , Triazóis/farmacologia , Trichophyton/efeitos dos fármacos , Chile , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Terbinafina , Trichophyton/classificação , Trichophyton/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Las infecciones fúngicas superficiales responden bien a los tratamientos habituales en la mayoría de los casos pero, en determinadas situaciones, constituyen un problema. En su mayoría se trata de infecciones producidas por levaduras del género Candida y Malassezia y por hongos dermatofitos. Estas infecciones han visto incrementada su prevalencia junto con la selección de determinadas especies, la reducción de la sensibilidad a los antifúngicos y la aparición de fenómenos de resistencia in vitro e in vivo. La investigación para encontrar el antifúngico ideal aún continúa y en este sentido actualmente se están ensayando distintas estrategias de investigación sobre drogas para el tratamiento sistémico y tópico de las dermatomicosis.
Superficial fungal infections frequently caused by Candida spp. and Malassezia spp yeasts and dermatophytes fungi, have good response to common treatments in the majority of cases, but in some cases failure are described. Prevalence of these infections has been increased with the selection of certain species, reduced sensitivity to antifungal agents and the emergence of in vitro and in vivo resistance phenomena. The research to find the ideal antifungal still continues and in this sense are being currently tested different strategies for research on systemic and topical drugs for dermatomycosis treatment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Dermatomicoses , Antifúngicos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Oral candidiasis is the most prevalent complication in HIV-infected and AIDS patients. Topical antifungal treatment is useful for the initial episodes of oral candidiasis, but most patients suffer more than one episode and fluconazole or itraconazole can help in the management, and voriconazole may represent a useful alternative agent for the treatment of recalcitrant oral and oesophageal candidiasis. The aim of this research was to study the in vitro activity of voriconazole and fluconazole against Mexican oral isolates of clinically relevant yeast. The in vitro susceptibility of 187 oral yeast isolates from HIV-infected and healthy Mexicans was determined for fluconazole and voriconazole by the M44-A disc diffusion method. At 24 h, fluconazole was active against 179 of 187 isolates (95.7 %). Moreover, a 100% susceptibility to voriconazole was observed. Voriconazole and fluconazole are highly active in vitro against oral yeast isolates. This study provides baseline data on susceptibilities to both antifungal agents in Mexico.