RESUMO
The scope of this article is to evaluate the relationship between stressor events that occurred last year in the family of children and adolescents that are indicative of mental health problems in a sample of students from two schools in a city in southern Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,075 students enrolled in two public elementary schools. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess emotional and behavioral factors of the child and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) of Holmes and Rahe (1967) to assess stressor events. The chi-square and Poisson regression test with robust variance adjustment for expressing the results in the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals of 95% were used. The chances of presenting problems of hyperactivity were 1.42 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.83) times higher in the intermediate tercile and 1.37 (95% CI 1.06-1.78) in the higher tercile compared with the lower tercile. With respect to relationship problems the chances were of 1.49 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.93) times higher in the higher tercile when compared with the lower tercile. The results suggest that environmental factors may be strongly related to the etiology of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence.
Assuntos
Família , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Transtornos Mentais/etiologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estresse Psicológico/etiologiaRESUMO
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a relação entre eventos estressores ocorridos no último ano na família de crianças e adolescentes com indicativos de problemas de saúde mental em uma amostra de estudantes de duas escolas de uma cidade no sul do Brasil. Estudo transversal com 1.075 estudantes matriculados em duas escolas públicas de ensino fundamental (uma estadual e outra municipal). Foi utilizado o Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire para avaliação de fatores emocionais e comportamentais da criança, e a Escala de Avaliação de Reajustamento Social de Holmes e Rahe (1967) para avaliar os eventos estressores. Foram utilizados o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão de Poisson, com ajuste robusto para variância, expressando os resultados em razão de prevalências (RP) e intervalos de confiança de 95%. As chances de apresentar problemas de hiperatividade foram 1,42 (IC 95% 1,10-1,83) vezes maiores no tercil intermediário e 1,37 (IC 95% 1,06-1,78) no tercil superior, quando comparados ao tercil inferior. Quanto aos problemas de relacionamento, as chances foram de 1,49 (IC 95% 1,15-1,93) vezes maiores no tercil superior ao serem comparados com o tercil inferior. Os resultados sugerem que fatores ambientais podem ser fortemente relacionados à etiologia dos transtornos mentais na infância e adolescência.
Abstract The scope of this article is to evaluate the relationship between stressor events that occurred last year in the family of children and adolescents that are indicative of mental health problems in a sample of students from two schools in a city in southern Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,075 students enrolled in two public elementary schools. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess emotional and behavioral factors of the child and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) of Holmes and Rahe (1967) to assess stressor events. The chi-square and Poisson regression test with robust variance adjustment for expressing the results in the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals of 95% were used. The chances of presenting problems of hyperactivity were 1.42 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.83) times higher in the intermediate tercile and 1.37 (95% CI 1.06-1.78) in the higher tercile compared with the lower tercile. With respect to relationship problems the chances were of 1.49 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.93) times higher in the higher tercile when compared with the lower tercile. The results suggest that environmental factors may be strongly related to the etiology of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence.