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AIM: This study aims to explore the perceptions of feedback among undergraduate students and faculty members at a Brazilian private nursing school. BACKGROUND: Feedback plays a crucial role in the socioemotional development of learners, with its interpretation varying across different sociocultural contexts. Student evaluations frequently express dissatisfaction regarding both the quality and quantity of feedback received. Conversely, delivering feedback poses a challenge for faculty, requiring the establishment of an empathetic connection that fosters trust and credibility. Brazil, being a developing country characterized by social disparities and economic challenges, presents a unique backdrop for examining feedback dynamics. DESIGN: Qualitative research, employing Inductive Content Analysis, was used to understand feedback perceptions in Brazilian nursing education. Symbolic interactionism was adopted as methodological framework and guided data interpretation. METHODS: We carried out five virtual focus groups composed of a group of teachers (n=5) and four of students (n=34). Semi-structured interviews guided data collection. The recorded sessions were subsequently analyzed to identify key themes and codes. Symbolic interactionism was employed as a framework to derive meaning from qualitative data. RESULTS: Content analysis generated two categories that reveal the perception of teachers and students in the feedback process. The first, called "Feedback in Education: Sociocultural Influences for Students and Teachers", expresses the beliefs and interpretations of students and teachers within the shared feedback environment. The second called "Challenging resonance, transformative construction: Navigating the dualities of feedback for teachers and students", which elucidated how relational dynamics shape behaviors and attitudes, promoting the development of social skills and learning. Faculty's previous feedback experiences significantly influence their self-perception and behavior with students. As a result of the resonance of these past interactions, we recognize that the teaching self also plays a crucial role in the quality and perception of feedback. Furthermore, students construct social reality with similar beliefs and values, they believe in the learning potential generated by feedback. Our findings also corroborate that perceptions of feedback are deeply influenced by the sociocultural context and the narratives corroborate previous findings indicating that, in Brazil, honest feedback can be implicitly perceived as criticism rather than an opportunity for growth. CONCLUSIONS: Faculty members often draw on their past experiences when providing feedback, highlighting the adaptive nature of feedback interactions. Additionally, the feedback process is consistently influenced by the commitment to maintaining positive relationships with students. Students recognize the constructive dimension of feedback as a valuable tool for learning and personal growth.

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Background: Perineal hernia is a serious disease characterized by weakening or atrophy and separation of the muscles andfasciae of the perineal musculature, followed by the caudal displacement of pelvic and abdominal organs to the perineumregion. Treatment is invariably surgical and several approaches have been proposed, but complication and recurrence ratesremain high. This study aimed to evaluate 120 cases of perineal hernia treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba (HVU)from 2005 to 2020, addressing the clinical and surgical aspects and the postoperative period, seeking to identify the mostrelevant factors to improve care and treatment of future patients affected by this disease.Materials, Methods & Results: The medical records of dogs with a definitive diagnosis of perineal hernia were collected.The prevalence of perineal hernia was calculated. Data were obtained regarding sex, being castrated or not, age, bodymass, race, clinical signs, affected side, possibility of hernia reduction, treatments used, associated pathologies. Of the 120cases, only 69 underwent surgery at the HVU and from these cases data were obtained regarding hernia content, surgicaltechniques, surgical wires used, recurrences and postoperative complications. Fishers exact test was applied to assess theinfluence of the type of surgical treatment and surgical thread on the occurrence of complications and recurrences. Perineal hernia was the second most frequently observed hernia. Mixed breed, male, non-neutered and geriatric dogs were themost affected. The most frequently observed clinical signs were related to the digestive and urinary tract, consistent withthe most commonly found hernia contents (bladder, prostate and rectum). The simple herniorrhaphy technique was themost used and showed a high number of complications. The second most used technique was...(AU)

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Background: Perineal hernia is a serious disease characterized by weakening or atrophy and separation of the muscles andfasciae of the perineal musculature, followed by the caudal displacement of pelvic and abdominal organs to the perineumregion. Treatment is invariably surgical and several approaches have been proposed, but complication and recurrence ratesremain high. This study aimed to evaluate 120 cases of perineal hernia treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba (HVU)from 2005 to 2020, addressing the clinical and surgical aspects and the postoperative period, seeking to identify the mostrelevant factors to improve care and treatment of future patients affected by this disease.Materials, Methods & Results: The medical records of dogs with a definitive diagnosis of perineal hernia were collected.The prevalence of perineal hernia was calculated. Data were obtained regarding sex, being castrated or not, age, bodymass, race, clinical signs, affected side, possibility of hernia reduction, treatments used, associated pathologies. Of the 120cases, only 69 underwent surgery at the HVU and from these cases data were obtained regarding hernia content, surgicaltechniques, surgical wires used, recurrences and postoperative complications. Fisher’s exact test was applied to assess theinfluence of the type of surgical treatment and surgical thread on the occurrence of complications and recurrences. Perineal hernia was the second most frequently observed hernia. Mixed breed, male, non-neutered and geriatric dogs were themost affected. The most frequently observed clinical signs were related to the digestive and urinary tract, consistent withthe most commonly found hernia contents (bladder, prostate and rectum). The simple herniorrhaphy technique was themost used and showed a high number of complications. The second most used technique was...

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Resumo Durante a última década assistimos ao retrocesso paulatino das políticas públicas de atenção à saúde indígena no Brasil, principalmente no que concerne aos pilares básicos da sua formulação, construídos a partir da década de 1980: atenção específica e diferenciada, participação e controle social. Este texto, apesar de citar alguns momentos críticos desse processo, dá ensejo a algumas reflexões sobre os modos como as políticas e as práticas, essencialmente biomédicas, podem ser compreendidas no contexto mais geral das sociedades indígenas no país.

Abstract Over the past decade, we have seen the gradual setback of public policies for indigenous health care in Brazil, especially with regard to the basic pillars of its formulation, developed from the 1980s onwards: specific and differentiated attention, participation, and social control. This paper, despite mentioning some critical moments in this process, offers an opportunity for some reflections on how policies and practices, essentially biomedical, can be understood in the more general context of indigenous societies in the country.

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Uma das principais causas de mortalidade e morbidade em indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais é a fratura óssea como consequência da osteoporose. É sabido que a baixa densidade mineral óssea (DMO) é um fator de risco para essas fraturas, sendo a densitometria óssea o exame padrão ouro para o diagnóstico da DMO. Visto que o exame apresenta alto custo e não está disponível para grande parte da população brasileira, métodos alternativos como os índices radiomorfométricos obtidos pela análise de radiografias panorâmicas têm sido empregados para auxiliar na identificação precoce da diminuição da DMO, atuando como possível rastreio de pacientes com alto risco de fratura (RF) óssea osteoporótica. Nessa perspectiva, esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar o RF óssea em idosos através do índice clínico de fratura FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) e investigar sua associação com os índices radiomorfométricos, obtidos na radiografia panorâmica, relacionados à DMO. Constituiu-se em um estudo observacional de corte transversal e de associação, no qual foram avaliados 70 idosos de ambos os sexos que realizaram radiografia panorâmica no Serviço de Imagenologia do Departamento de Odontologia da UFRN. As imagens foram analisadas por um pesquisador treinado e com experiência em interpretação radiográfica. A aplicação da ferramenta FRAX, assim como a obtenção da anamnese foi realizada no mesmo momento. Observou-se que a amostra foi constituída principalmente por mulheres, com mediana de idade de 68,5 anos. O risco de fratura maior osteoporótica (FMO) apresentou mediana de 4,2%, e o risco de fratura de quadril (FQ) 1,3%. Para verificar as associações entre o risco de fratura e as variáveis independentes do estudo os testes de Correlação de Pearson e Mann-Whitney foram utilizados. Foi verificada associação estatisticamente significativa (p <0,05) entre o risco de fratura e índice mentual (IM), idade da menopausa e tempo de menopausa. Conclui-se que as corticais mandibulares com espessuras mais finas mensuradas pelo IM podem representar um maior risco de fratura óssea osteoporótica (AU).

One of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in individuals aged 60 years and over is bone fracture as a consequence of osteoporosis. It is known that low bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for these fractures, with bone densitometry being the gold standard test for the diagnosis of BMD. Since the exam is expensive and not accessible for most of the Brazilian population, alternative methods such as radiomorphometric indices obtained by the panoramic radiographs analysis have been used to aid in the early identification of the low BMD, acting as a possible screening of patients with high risk of osteoporotic bone fracture. In this perspective, this research aimed to evaluate bone FR in the elderly through the clinical fracture tool FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) and to investigate its association with radiomorphometric indices, obtained from panoramic radiography, related to BMD. It was an observational cross-sectional and association study, 70 elderly people of both sexes were evaluated in which underwent panoramic radiograph at the Dental Imaging Service of the Department of Dentistry of UFRN. The images were analyzed by a trained researcher with experience in radiographic interpretation. The application of the FRAX tool, as well as obtaining the anamnesis was performed at the same time. It was observed that the sample consisted mainly of women, with a median age of 68.5 years. The risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) presented a median of 4.2%, and the risk of hip fracture (HF) 1.3%. In order to verify the associations between fracture risk and the independent variables of the study, the Pearson and Mann-Whitney correlation tests were used. There was a statistically significant association (p <0.05) between fracture risk and mental index (MI), age of menopause and time of menopause. It is concluded that mandibular cortices with thinner thicknesses measured by MI may represent an increased risk of osteoporotic bone fracture (AU).

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This article aims to analyze health policies for indigenous peoples in Brazil with reference to the 1988 National Constitution and its consequences for their healthcare. Three components are central to this analysis: the management model, based on the concepts of "autonomy" and "social control", but essentially expressing the forms of indigenous representation and participation in public policies; the concept of "differential care" for establishing an inclusive (but operationally normative) healthcare model; and the relationship between the management model for indigenous healthcare and indigenous therapeutic practices.

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O transtorno de humor bipolar apresenta-se clinicamente como uma oscilação entre estados de mania ou hipomania e depressão, possuindo alto nível de morbimortalidade. O episódio depressivo é o quadro sintomático mais frequente e é associado a maiores fatores de incapacitação ao paciente. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar e discutir os principais aspectos do tratamento do episódio depressivo agudo no THB tipo I em adultos.

The bipolar disorder presents itself clinically as an oscillation between mania or hypomania and depression episodes, leading to high morbimortality. The depressive episode is the most frequent symptom and it is associated with higher incapacitation to the patient. This article aims to review and discuss the main treatment aspects of acute depressive episode in Bipolar Disorder Type I in adults.

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O aumento da poluição de águas naturais intensificou a presença de patógenos entéricos, em áreas atingidas por descarga de esgoto. A água para consumo humano, segundo a vigilância sanitária, deve estar ausente de bactérias do grupo coliforme. Estas vêm sendo utilizadas como indicadores de poluição fecal há mais de 90 anos, funcionando, também, como veículo de transmissão de doenças. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica da água no Estado Piauí. Os dados analisados foram obtidos de laudos referentes a coliformes totais e coliformes fecais, das amostras coletadas para o programa de Vigilância Ambiental da Qualidade da Água SISAGUA ou através da fiscalização de rotina da Vigilância Sanitária, nos anos de 2003 e 2004. A classificação das amostras em contaminada e não contaminada obedeceu à portaria 1469/2000 e 518/2004 do Ministério da Saúde. Os dados analisados apresentaram elevado índice de contaminação (53,8% em 2003 e 60,3% para 2004), sendo o principal responsável a água de chafariz, durantes os anos analisados, com 77,3%e 78%de amostras contaminadas. Os estabelecimentos como hospitais e escolas, responsáveis pela saúde pública e a disseminação de hábitos de higiene apresentaram, também, elevados valores de amostras contaminadas com valores acima de 30%. Estes dados refletem a falta de cuidado com a água para consumo humano distribuída no Estado, bem como as formas de armazenamento. (AU)

The increase of the natural water pollution intensified the presence of enteric pathogenic, in areas reached for sewer discharge. The water for human consumption, according to sanitary monitoring, must be absent of bacteria of the coliforme group. These come more than being used as indicating of fecal pollution the 90 years, as also, as vehicle of transmission of illnesses. This work has as objective to evaluate the microbiological quality of the water in the State of the Piauí. The analyzed data had been gotten of referring findings the total coliforms and coliforms fecais, of the samples collected for the program of Ambient Monitoring of the Quality of Water SISAGUA or through the fiscalization of routine of the Sanitary Monitoring, in the year of2003 and 2004. The classification of the samples in contaminated and contaminated did not obey would carry 1469/2000 and 518/2004 of the Health department. The analyzed data had presented high index of contamination (53.8% in 2003 and 60,3% for 2004), being main responsible the water of chafariz, during the analyzed years, with 77,3% and 78% of contaminated samples. The establishments as hospitals and schools, responsible for the public health and the dissemination of hygiene habits had also presented high values of samples contaminated with values above of 30%. These data reflect the lack of care with the water for distributed human consumption in the State, as well as, the forms of storage. (AU)

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O aumento da poluição de águas naturais intensificou a presença de patógenos entéricos, em áreas atingidas por descarga de esgoto. A água para consumo humano, segundo a vigilância sanitária, deve estar ausente de bactérias do grupo coliforme. Estas vêm sendo utilizadas como indicadores de poluição fecal há mais de 90 anos, funcionando, também, como veículo de transmissão de doenças. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica da água no Estado Piauí.(...).

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Estudos clínicos, laboratoriais e radiológicos foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar a incidência de uropatias obstrutivas em 85 crianças portadoras de infecçäo das vias urinárias, acompanhadas por período de 2 anos. Foram detectados 49 casos de uropatias obstrutivas, em faixas etárias que variam de 0 a 10 anos, com predomínio em lactentes do sexo feminino. A uropatia mais encontrada foi o refluxo vésico-ureteral. Os dados clínicos de maior importância foram anorexia e polaciúria, sendo a E. coli o germe presente na maioria dos casos. Avaliaram-se, ainda, o tratamento clínico e/ou cirúrgico utilizado, bem como a evoluçäo de todos os casos

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