RESUMO
Introducción. Dado el aumento dramático de diabetes en el mundo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los valores de la glucemia en una población universitaria de nuevo ingreso para sustentar estrategias de detección y manejo preventivo de prediabetes y diabetes. Métodos. Estudio observacional, analítico, transversal, no probabilístico. Se analizaron los valores de glucemia en ayunas de 367 estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en 2011, y 430 en 2016 al campus de Ciencias de la Salud de una universidad del sureste de México. Se aplicaron pruebas de tendencia central, comparaciones y proyecciones. Resultados. En la muestra de 2011 hubo prevalencia de 11 por ciento de mujeres y 12,4 por ciento de hombres con glucemia en valores de prediabetes. En la de 2016, hubo 30,3 por ciento de mujeres y 40 por ciento en prediabetes. Hubo diferencia de los promedios de glucemia entre ambas muestras de 5,4 mg/dL (0,3 mmol/L) en mujeres, t = - 4,582 (p = 0,0001) y 10,81 mg/dL (0,6 mmol/L) en hombres, t = - 6,428 (p = 0,0001). No se encontró correlación con masa corporal. Conclusiones. En la muestra de 2016 hubo incremento en la prevalencia de prediabetes y de adultos jóvenes en riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus de tipo 2, por lo que es necesario desarrollar estrategias para mejorar el estilo de vida.(AU)
Introduction. Given the dramatic increase of diabetes in the world, the aim of this research was to analyze the values of blood glucose in a university population again income to support strategies for detection and preventive management of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Methods. Study observational, analytical, transverse, non-probability. The blood glucose values were analyzed in fasting of 367 freshmen students from move income in 2011 and 430 in 2016 to the campus of Health Sciences from a University in the Southeast of Mexico. Testing central tendency, comparisons and projections were applied. Results. In the sample of 2011 there was prevalence of 11 percent of women and 12.4 percent of men with blood glucose values of pre-diabetes. In the 2016 there were 30.3 percent of women and 40 percent in pre-diabetes. There was a difference of blood glucose averages among both samples of 5.4 mg/dL (0.3 mmol/L) in women, t = - 4.582 (p = 0.0001) and 10.81 mg/dL (0.6 mmol/L) in males, t = - 6.428 (p = 0.0001). Correlation with body mass was not found. C Conclusions. In the sample of 2016 there was increase in the prevalence of pre-diabetes and young adults at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus by what is needed to develop strategies to improve lifestyle.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Estado Pré-Diabético , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde , Incidência , Progressão da Doença , Diabetes Mellitus , Doenças não Transmissíveis , MéxicoRESUMO
Este artículo es una revisión de tema sobre cáncer de cuello uterino, con el fin de visibilizar la necesidad de un enfoque diferencial \r\ncon perspectiva de género y evidenciar que el contexto social, cultural y de desigualdad de las mujeres las hace más vulnerables \r\na este tipo de enfermedad. El enfoque biologicista ha limitado la mirada desde la morbilidad femenina diferencial y de esta forma \r\nha evitado poner de manifiesto cómo las mujeres, debido a su condición de género, tienen mayor probabilidad de enfermar y \r\ncómo la falta de autonomía sobre su cuerpo las pone en riesgo de sufrir esta clase de cáncer.\r\nEl texto plantea la importancia de realizar investigaciones sobre cáncer de cuello uterino para redefinir políticas públicas inclu\r\n-\r\nyentes con enfoque de género, que procuren cambios de paradigmas en la población, para generar transformaciones que \r\nconduzcan a un abordaje integral de esta patología
A review article on the topic of cervical cancer is presented \r\nin order to visualize the need of a differentiated approach to \r\ngender, and to demonstrate that social, cultural and egalitarian \r\nattitudes towards women makes women more vulnerable to \r\nthis type of disease. The biological focus has limited the view \r\nfrom the differential female morbidity, and has hindered the \r\ncase that women, due to the specifics of their gender, are more \r\nlikely to get sick and are at a higher risk of developing this type \r\nof cancer due to the lack of autonomy over their bodies.\r\nThe article shows the importance of cervical cancer research \r\nto redefine inclusive public policies with a gender perspective, \r\nwhich promote paradigm shifts in the population, to generate \r\ntransformations leading to a comprehensive approach to this \r\ncondition.
O artigo tem como objetivo rever o tema câncer de colo do \r\nútero, a fim de visualizar a necessidade de uma abordagem \r\ndiferenciada em relação ao sexo, e demonstrar que o contexto \r\nsocial, cultural e de desigualdade das mulheres as torna mais \r\nvulneráveis a este tipo doença. A abordagem biológica tem \r\nlimitado a visão da morbidade feminina diferencial e, desta \r\nforma, evitado colocar em destaque como as mulheres, por \r\ncausa da carga de gênero, são mais propensas a ficar doentes \r\ne, com a falta de autonomia sobre seus corpos, coloca-as em \r\nrisco de desenvolvimento deste tipo de câncer.\r\nO artigo mostra a importância da investigação sobre o câncer \r\nde colo do útero para redefinir políticas públicas inclusivas com \r\nenfoque de gênero, que promovam mudanças de paradigma \r\nadotivos na população, para gerar transformações que levem \r\na uma abordagem abrangente desta condição.
Assuntos
Política Pública , Mulheres , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Saúde da Mulher , Cultura , Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Identidade de Gênero , Saúde Holística , NeoplasiasRESUMO
Objetivo: conocer la frecuencia de intimidación en colegios nacionales de las tres regiones del Perú donde ha existido violencia política y determinar los factores de riesgo asociados.Métodos: estudio transversal, analítico, acerca de la intimidación en cinco departamentos del país: Ayacucho (Huamanga), Cusco (Sicuani), Junín (Satipo), Huancavelica y Lima (Ñaña). Después de determinar el tamaño de muestra de los estudiantes y efectuar la selección aleatoria de los salones de clase se empleó un cuestionario previamente validado para efectuar una encuesta en 1633 estudiantes. Estadísticamente se buscaron porcentajes, asociación de variables con intimidación, regresión logistica y se construyó una curva R.O.C.Resultados: la incidencia de intimidación tuvo un promedio de 50.7 por ciento. Las variables asociadas significativamente con intimidación en la regresión logistica fueron apodos, golpes, falta de comunicación, llamar homosexual, defectos físicos, necesidad de trabajar, necesidad de atención médica, acoso, escupir, obligar a hacer cosas que no se quiere, discriminación e insulto por correo electrónico.Conclusiones: la intimidación tiene origen multicausal, ocasiona problemas en la salud, fobia escolar, y el pronóstico a largo plazo para víctimas y agresores es negativo, pudiendo verse envueltos en problemas con la ley.
Objective: To know the frequency of bullying in national schools in the three peruvian regions where has existed political violence, and determine the associated risk factors. Methods: cross section study, analytic, about bullying in national schools of five departments Ayacucho (Huamanga), Cusco (Sicuani), Junín (Satipo), Huancavelica and Lima (Ñaña). After determine the sample size of students in each school and the aleatory election of the classrooms a questionnaire validated previously was used, and we did a survey in 1633 students. Statistically We look for percentage,s, associations, logistic regression measures and build a R.O.C curve. Results: The incidente of bullying was in average 50,7 percent The variables significant associated with bullying in the logistic regression were nicknames, beats, no communication, homosexual insult, physical defect, work need, medical attendance, pursue, spitted, forced to do thing than they didn't want, discrimination and e-mail inssult. Conclussions: The bullying has multicausal origin, give health problems, scholar phobia, and at long time the prognosis for victims and agressors is negative and they could be involved in problems with the law.
Assuntos
Humanos , Agressão/psicologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , Política , Violência , PeruRESUMO
Corn samples and different dry-milled fractions collected from an industrial mill in Argentina were analysed. Average contaminations were FB(1) 1540 microg kg(-1), FB(2) 716 microg kg(-1) and FB(3) 152 microg kg(-1) in whole corn; FB(1) 135 microg kg(-1), FB(2) 39.1 microg kg(-1) and FB(3) 10.2 microg kg(-1) in corn grits; FB(1) 358 microg kg(-1), FB(2) 122 microg kg(-1) and FB(3) 45.9 microg kg(-1) in 'C' flour; FB(1) 148 microg kg(-1), FB(2) 52.5 microg kg(-1) and FB(3) 28.3 microg kg(-1) in corn meal; and FB(1) 4210 microg kg(-1), FB(2) 2010 microg kg(-1) and FB(3) 447 microg kg(-1) in germ and bran together. The fumonisin contamination level was approximately three times higher in germ and bran than in whole corn, 13 times higher than in 'C' flour and 29 times higher than in corn meal and corn grits. Taking into account the distribution of fumonisins in commercial dry-milled corn fractions and corn meal consumption in Argentina, a theoretical whole corn level of 6640 microg kg(-1) maximum of total fumonisins could be processed to obtain products considered safe for human health.
Assuntos
Carcinógenos Ambientais/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Fumonisinas , Micotoxinas/análise , Zea mays/química , Argentina , Ácidos Carboxílicos/análise , Manipulação de Alimentos , HumanosRESUMO
Substance P and glutamate are present in primary afferent C-fibers and play important roles in persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In the present study, we have examined whether activation of different glutamate receptor subtypes modulates the release of substance P evoked by the C-fiber selective stimulant capsaicin (1 microM) from rat trigeminal nucleus slices. The selective NMDA glutamate receptor agonist L-CCG-IV (1-10 microM) enhanced capsaicin-evoked substance P release about 100%. This facilitatory effect was blocked by 0.3 microM MK-801, a selective NMDA receptor antagonist. The metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists L-AP4 (group III) and DHPG (group I) (30-100 microM) inhibited capsaicin-evoked substance P release by approximately 60%. These inhibitory effects were blocked by the selective metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist (+/-)-MCPG (5 microM). On the other hand, AMPA and kainate (0.1-10 microM), did not significantly affect capsaicin-evoked substance P release. Thus, substance P release from non-myelinated primary afferents, and possibly nociception, may be under the functional antagonistic control of some metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes.
Assuntos
Capsaicina/farmacologia , Fibras Nervosas/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Glutamato/efeitos dos fármacos , Substância P/metabolismo , Núcleos do Trigêmeo/efeitos dos fármacos , Vias Aferentes/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Benzoatos/farmacologia , Maleato de Dizocilpina/farmacologia , Agonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/farmacologia , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Glicina/farmacologia , Ácido Caínico/farmacologia , Masculino , Metoxi-Hidroxifenilglicol/análogos & derivados , Metoxi-Hidroxifenilglicol/farmacologia , Fibras Nervosas/metabolismo , Nociceptores/fisiologia , Propionatos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Glutamato Metabotrópico/agonistas , Receptores de Glutamato Metabotrópico/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/agonistas , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/antagonistas & inibidores , Núcleos do Trigêmeo/metabolismo , Ácido alfa-Amino-3-hidroxi-5-metil-4-isoxazol Propiônico/farmacologiaRESUMO
Morphine produces a multiphasic modulation of K+-evoked substance P release from trigeminal slices and dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. We now found that the C-fiber stimulant, capsaicin (1 microM), evoked release of substance P that was inhibited, enhanced and inhibited by 0.1 nM, 1 microM, and 10 microM morphine, respectively. This morphine's multiphasic effect was blocked by naloxone (100 nM). Neonatal treatment with capsaicin produced thermal hypoalgesia and abolished the multiphasic effect of morphine on substance P release evoked by 50 mM K+. These findings suggest that the multiphasic modulation of substance P release by morphine is dependent on C-type afferents and may be of relevance to nociception.
Assuntos
Capsaicina/farmacologia , Morfina/farmacologia , Neurônios Aferentes/efeitos dos fármacos , Substância P/metabolismo , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Masculino , Fibras Nervosas/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibras Nervosas/metabolismo , Neurônios Aferentes/metabolismo , Potássio/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Dynorphin A-(1-17) has been found to produce spinal antianalgesia and allodynia. Thus, we studied whether dynorphin A-(1-17) modulates substance P release evoked by the C-fiber-selective stimulant capsaicin (1 microM) from trigeminal nucleus caudalis slices. Very low concentrations of dynorphin A-(1-17) (0.01-0.1 nM) strongly facilitated capsaicin-evoked substance P release. This dynorphin A-(1-17) effect was not blocked by the opioid receptor antagonists naloxone (100 nM), beta-funaltrexamine (20 nM), naloxonazine (1 nM), nor-binaltorphimine (3 nM) and ICI 174,864 (N,N-dialyl-Tyr-Aib-Phe-Leu; 0.3 microM). Yet, the effect of dynorphin A-(1-17) was blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 ((+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d] cyclohepten-5-10-imine maleate; 0.3 microM). Neonatal treatment with capsaicin (50 mg/kg s.c.), which destroys substance P-containing primary afferents, abolished the excitatory effect of dynorphin A-(1-17) on K+-evoked substance P release. In conclusion, dynorphin A-(1-17) increases substance P release from C-fibers by the activation of NMDA receptors which supports the involvement of presynaptic mechanisms in dynorphin-induced antianalgesia and allodynia.
Assuntos
Dinorfinas/farmacologia , Fibras Nervosas/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios Aferentes/efeitos dos fármacos , Substância P/efeitos dos fármacos , Núcleos do Trigêmeo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Capsaicina/farmacologia , Maleato de Dizocilpina/farmacologia , Encefalina Leucina/análogos & derivados , Encefalina Leucina/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/farmacologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Naloxona/análogos & derivados , Naloxona/farmacologia , Naltrexona/análogos & derivados , Naltrexona/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/farmacologia , Fibras Nervosas/metabolismo , Neurônios Aferentes/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/antagonistas & inibidores , Substância P/metabolismo , Núcleos do Trigêmeo/metabolismoRESUMO
The presence of mycotoxins in corn-based foods available in Argentina was determined in order to make a preliminary exposure assessment. Thirty-eight samples [corn meal ('polenta') and corn flakes] of different local brands were analysed for zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and aflatoxins by TLC and fumonisins (FB1, FB2 and FB3) by HPLC. None of the 38 samples contained any detectable amount of aflatoxins (< 2 micrograms/kg), zearalenone (< 50 micrograms/kg) and deoxynivalenol (< 50 micrograms/kg). By contrast fumonisin contamination was found in 95% of the samples. The highest fumonisin levels were found in corn meal: FB1 (range positives: 60-2860 micrograms/kg; mean positive value: 556 micrograms/kg), FB2 (61-1090 micrograms/kg; 232 micrograms/kg) and FB3 (18-1015 micrograms/kg; 150 micrograms/kg). Low levels of fumonisin B1 were detected in 16/17 corn flakes samples (2-38 micrograms/kg). Total fumonisin levels in corn meal were more than 1000 micrograms/kg in 24% (5/21) of the samples. Although it is not the staple food in Argentina, maize consumption is very important, especially among children. A daily fumonisin intake of 11.3 micrograms/kg of body weight was estimated for child consumers (1-5 years old) based on an average consumption of 200 g of corn meal/day. Calculated at an average rate for all children (consumers or not) the intake estimate was 0.9 microgram/kg of body weight.
Assuntos
Contaminação de Alimentos , Fumonisinas , Micotoxinas/análise , Zea mays/química , Aflatoxinas/análise , Argentina , Ácidos Carboxílicos/análise , Carcinógenos Ambientais/análise , Manipulação de Alimentos , Humanos , Tricotecenos/análise , Zearalenona/análiseRESUMO
A cholinergic dysfunction has been involved in the neurobiological mechanisms of stress and depression. In the present study, we determined the autoradiographic distribution of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brain of rats subjected to the forced swimming test for 15 days. Motor activity was automatically analyzed daily before swimming. In the forced swimming test group, both total horizontal activity and ambulatory movements exhibited a significant decrease, when the data from 1st and 15th day were compared. Neither the affinity of [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate nor the maximal number of receptors were affected by the forced swimming test in the caudate-putamen, cortex, and hippocampus. The distribution of [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate binding sites did not show significant differences in the 30 analyzed areas. Further analysis of muscarinic receptor subtypes after forced swimming test would be necessary to discard any cholinergic involvement.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Receptores Muscarínicos/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiopatologia , Natação , Animais , Autorradiografia , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Sítios de Ligação , Masculino , Quinuclidinil Benzilato/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estresse Fisiológico/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico/psicologia , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
An excessive activation of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors has been associated with oxidative stress, which is considered the primary cause of manganese (Mn) poisoning neurotoxicity. Therefore, the EAA receptor distribution was analyzed by autoradiographic methods in several brain regions during Mn intoxication. We found that chronic treatment of mice with MnCl2 during 8 wk significantly alters the L-[3H]glutamate (L-[3H]Glu) binding to total glutamate (Glu) receptors, as well as to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and quisqualate (QA) receptor subtypes. A generalized decrease of 16-24% of the L-[3H]Glu binding to total Glu receptors was found in all cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia (except globus pallidus), and cerebellum. Saturation studies showed a significant reduction of the maximal number of receptors (Bmax) in Mn-treated mice, whereas the affinity (Kd) was not altered. L-[3H]Glu binding to NMDA sites was mainly decreased (10-21%) in a few cortical regions, basal ganglia (except globus pallidus), and hippocampus, whereas binding to QA receptor subtype was diminished (16-30%) in cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. The decrease of Glu receptor binding sites during Mn poisoning could reflect a receptor downregulation more than neuronal loss, since these reductions are moderate and diffuse. Thus, this down-regulation might mean a protection mechanism against an excitotoxic process associated with Mn toxicity.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Compostos de Manganês , Neurotoxinas , Receptores de Glutamato/metabolismo , Animais , Autorradiografia , Gânglios da Base/metabolismo , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/patologia , Cerebelo/metabolismo , Córtex Cerebral/metabolismo , Cloretos/toxicidade , Ácido Glutâmico/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Cinética , Masculino , Intoxicação por Manganês , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Especificidade de Órgãos , Estresse Oxidativo , Receptores de AMPA/metabolismo , Receptores de Glutamato/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismoRESUMO
Manganese (Mn) poisoning is characterized by central nervous system manifestations, including psychiatric disturbances and extrapyramidal disorders. This metal is thought to produce neuronal degeneration due to cytotoxic products originated by oxidative stress and through an indirect excitotoxic process. In previous studies, we have found a reduction in the density of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) recognition sites in some brain areas of Mn-treated mice. Due to the close relationship between NMDA sites and strychnine-insensitive glycine (Gly) modulatory sites in the NMDA receptor complex, the [3H]-glycine ([3H]-Gly) binding was analyzed by autoradiographic methods in the brain of mice treated with manganese chloride for 8 weeks. Among all analyzed areas, only the globus pallidus showed a significant reduction in [3H]-Gly binding (27-28%). The Gly binding decrease, focalized in the globus pallidus, could reflect a degeneration of structures containing strychnine-insensitive Gly receptors, since this area is the most frequently reported damaged brain region in Mn intoxication. However, it might also be due to a Gly receptor down-regulation to control NMDA complex activation during Mn poisoning.
Assuntos
Globo Pálido/metabolismo , Intoxicação por Manganês , Receptores de Glicina/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Masculino , Manganês/metabolismo , Camundongos , Receptores de Glicina/metabolismo , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismo , Estricnina/farmacologiaRESUMO
A point prevalence survey for Cryptosporidium was conducted in 212 subjects two months to 70 years of age in a suburban area with a low socioeconomic status in Maracaibo City, Venezuela. Single stool specimens were collected and modified Ziehl-Neelsen carbol-fuchsin staining of 10% formalin-preserved stool was used to identify Cryptosporidium oocysts. Direct wet mounts, iron-hematoxylin-stained smears and formalin-ether concentrates were examined to determine the presence of other intestinal parasites. Cryptosporidium infections were identified in 21 subjects (9.9%), with a high percentage of asymptomatic carriers (15 of 21, 71.4%). Six children (28.5%) had gastrointestinal symptoms and four of them were infants. Cryptosporidium was the single detectable potential pathogenic parasite in only five (23.8%) of 21 patients. The infection rate with one or more parasites was high (82%) and multiple infections, including pathogenic helminths and protozoa, were observed in the majority of patients who passed oocysts. Our findings suggest that although Cryptosporidium is an important pathogen, the proportion of asymptomatic carriers may be high in areas of low socioeconomic status in developing countries.
Assuntos
Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Países em Desenvolvimento , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Morbidade , Prevalência , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Suburbana , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We studied the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in 29 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from Zulia State, Venezuela. They ranged in age from five months to 46 years. Two were children and 27 were adults, of which six were women. Of the 21 men, 66.6% reported homosexual behavior. Three stool samples from each patient were examined, and modified Ziehl-Neelsen carbolfuchsin staining of formalinether stool concentrates was used to identify Cryptosporidium oocysts. To detect the presence of other intestinal parasites, direct wet mounts and iron-hematoxylin-stained smears were examined. Cryptosporidium was found in 12 (41.3%) of the patients and was identified as a single parasitic infection in seven of the 12 patients (58.3%). Other pathogenic parasites encountered were Giardia lamblia (3 of 12, 25%), Entamoeba histolytica (1 of 12, 8.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Strongyloides stercoralis (each 1 of 12, 8.3%). Blastocystis hominis, an organism with an uncertain taxonomic position and pathogenicity, was observed in three of 12 patients (25%). An inflammatory exudate was observed in 10 of 12 patients infected with Cryptosporidium. Most of the patients with this infection presented with chronic watery diarrhea and weight loss. Our results suggest that Cryptosporidium is very common in AIDS patients with diarrhea in Venezuela. However, the role of this parasite as an enteropathogen in these patients is uncertain.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/parasitologia , Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Chronic administration of manganese chloride (5 mg Mn/kg body weight/day) during nine weeks, did not affect the [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate binding to muscarinic cholinergic receptors in mouse brain. The quantitation and anatomical distribution of the receptors were determined by autoradiographic methods on coronal sections of midbrain and olfactory bulb. It is concluded that, in our experimental conditions, no alteration in the density of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors is produced in the brain of manganese intoxicated mouse.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Intoxicação por Manganês , Receptores Colinérgicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Autorradiografia , Masculino , Camundongos , Cintilografia , Receptores Colinérgicos/análise , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
One case of pulmonary hydatid cyst from Venezuela is reported. A 54-year-old man from Syria, was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnoea, fever and weight loss. A thoracic roentgenogram revealed a tumor in the basis of the left lung; a lobectomy was carried out. Histological study showed an unilocular hydatid cyst. The presence of scolices in alveoli and vessels suggest a probable dissemination of the parasite. Due to the rarity of the pulmonary hydatid cyst in Venezuela, the case is reported to call the attention about the existence of this pathology in the country, so that it can be diagnosed and treated correctly.
Assuntos
Equinococose Pulmonar , Equinococose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Equinococose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Equinococose Pulmonar/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síria/etnologia , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The present paper reports three fatal cases of massive strongyloidiasis. Case 1. A 37-year-old woman with a record of arthropathy and corticosteroids treatment, died in shock. The postmortem examination showed massive intestinal strongyloidiasis with larvae dissemination to lungs, liver, spleen and the adipose tissue located around adrenal glands. Case 2. A 12-year-old, malnourished girl died of peritonitis. The autopsy findings were lithiasis and perforation of jejunum, hyperinfectious strongyloidiasis of intestines and lungs, acute and chronic peritonitis. Case 3. A 7-year-old, cachectic girl with corticosteroid therapy, died in cardiorespiratory arrest. The autopsy revealed hyperinfection by S. stercoralis affecting stomach, intestines, lungs, liver and brain. In Venezuela, literature on massive strongyloidiasis is scarce. The present report stresses the importance of considering this syndrome in patients at risk, in endemic areas, like Venezuela, to prevent unnecessary deaths.