RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Seizures are a common neurological problem in the pediatric population, and their etiologies in certain developing countries are still not clear. From previous studies it is well known that neurocysticercosis is the main cause of partial seizures in the adult population in Peru and in many developing countries, but the situation has not been clarified for the paediatric population yet. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-four consecutive patients in pre- and school ages, with partial seizures, were evaluated in the outpatient clinics and emergency room of a public hospital in Lima. Evaluation consisted in clinical exam, computed tomography of the head, and in some cases serological evaluation. RESULTS: Thirty-seven percent were diagnosed with neurocysticercosis, which was found to be the main cause. CONCLUSIONS: The possible explanations may be the high incidence of neurocysticercosis in Peru, and the fact that epilepsy and seizures are the most common clinical manifestation of neurocysticercosis in children. These findings are also representative of the current situation in gravel developing countries.
Assuntos
Neurocisticercose/complicações , Neurocisticercose/fisiopatologia , Convulsões/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Masculino , Neurocisticercose/diagnóstico , Neurocisticercose/epidemiologia , Peru/epidemiologia , Convulsões/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) in children is a clinical entity that was believed to be infrequent but, as methods of diagnosis by means of imaging techniques and immunological tests have improved, it has become possible to confirm more cases. This disease has been reported as being most prevalent in developing countries but over the past few years there has also been an increase in the incidence in developed countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined the clinical records of paediatric patients admitted to the Hospital Cayetano Heredia, in Lima, Peru, between 1993 and 1998. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software package. RESULTS: A sample made up of 52 patients was obtained (n= 52), of which two were excluded because they were being treated at the same time with antituberculosis and anthelmintic drugs. Of these 50 patients, 22 were males (44%) and 28 females (56%). Average age was 7.86 years old (interval: 7 months 15 years). Diagnosis was definite in 26% of them, probable in 50% and possible in the remaining 24%. 36% reported that they raised pigs at home and had travelled to endemic areas. The convulsive syndrome was the most frequent clinical presentation, followed by endocranial hypertension. The single lesions were often identified in imaging studies (64.3%). 36.8% of the patients were found to be seropositive. 90% of the patients were receiving treatment with anticonvulsive drugs and almost 70% with albendazole and corticoids. DISCUSSION: This study represents the first attempt to find out more about the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the Peruvian infant population who are diagnosed as having NCC. The findings do not differ from those obtained in previous studies in other countries.
Assuntos
Neurocisticercose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Neurocisticercose/diagnóstico , Neurocisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Neurocisticercose/fisiopatologia , Peru/epidemiologia , Esteroides/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Humanos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/diagnóstico , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia/classificação , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Sono/fisiologiaRESUMO
Report of a case of linear nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn with the classical syndrome: 1) the facial linear nevus; 2) focal convulsions and 3) mental retardation. Skin biopsy didn't show proliferation of the sebaceous glands showing to be an early case. Computerized tomography showed slight cortico-subcortical atrophies, in contrast with the intensity of the mental retardation and focal crisis. Convulsions were controlled by several drug associations.
Assuntos
Epilepsias Parciais/complicações , Neoplasias Faciais/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/complicações , Nevo Pigmentado/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletroencefalografia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Sao registrados 14 casos da sindrome de hemiconvulsao, hemiplegia e epilepsia (H.H.E.) enfatizando-se os achados clinicos e radiologicos. Sao discutidas as bases fisiologicas dessa sindrome e a validade de sua caracterizacao para fins de tratamento e prognostico
Assuntos
Epilepsia , Hemiplegia , ConvulsõesRESUMO
E relatado um caso de nevos sebaceo linear de Jadassohn, com sua forma clinica, apresentando a classica triade: 1) nevos facial;2) crises focais; e 3) retardo mental progressivo, aparentemente. Apresenta-se no primeiro estadio de desenvolvimento, quando as glandulas sebaceas estao pouco desenvolvidas, a biopsia de pele. A TAC apresenta atrofias cortico-subcorticais discretas, contrastando com a intensidade do retardo mental e das crises convulsivas. Estas, foram controladas apos varias combinacoes medicamentosas