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There is limited evidence about the use of medications among pregnant women with COVID-19, as well as risk factors for hospitalization due to COVID-19 in pregnancy. We aimed to describe the use of medications among SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women at the time around infection and identify predictors for hospitalization due to COVID-19 in two hospitals in Brazil. This is a hospital record-based study among pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 tests between March 2020 and August 2022 from two Brazilian hospitals. Characteristics of sociodemographic, obstetrical, and COVID-19 symptoms were extracted retrospectively. The prevalence use of medications was based on self-reported use, and this was administered at the hospital. Logistic regression was used to estimate predictors of hospitalization due to COVID-19. There were 278 pregnant women included in the study, of which 41 (14.7%) required hospitalization due to COVID-19. The remaining 237 (85.3%) had mild symptoms or were asymptomatic. Most of the women had the infection in the third trimester (n = 149; 53.6%). The most prevalent medications used across all trimesters were analgesics (2.4% to 20.0%), antibacterials (15.0% to 23.1%), and corticosteroids (7.2% to 10.4%). Pre- or gestational hypertensive disorder (odds ratio (OR) 4.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.65, 14.87) and having at least one dose of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04, 0.39) were associated with hospitalization due to COVID-19. Analgesics, antibacterials, and corticosteroids were the most frequently used medications among pregnant women with COVID-19. Women with hypertensive disorders have almost a five-fold increased risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19. Vaccination was the strongest protective factor for severe COVID-19. The COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women should be promoted, and pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 who have hypertensive disorders should be closely monitored.
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COVID-19 , Hospitalização , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Gravidez , Feminino , Brasil/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Adulto Jovem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The potential biopreservative role of a Type III sourdough (tIII-SD), produced by starter cultures of Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 8014, was assessed for its antifungal activity in baking applications. Fermentation was carried out using different substrates to enhance the production of antifungal metabolites for 24 and 48 h. The tIII-SD samples were analyzed in relation to pH, total titratable acidity (TTA) and the production of organic acids. The water/salt-soluble extract of the tIII-SD was evaluated in relation to the inhibition potential against key fungi that contaminate bakery products including Penicillium roqueforti, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger. Finally, breads with 10 % of the tIII-SD were prepared and the fungi contamination was evaluated throughout the shelf life period. The lowest pH value in sourdough was obtained from 48-hour fermentation by L. plantarum. The saline extracts exhibited varying degrees of inhibition in the in vitro test; however, the greatest enhancement of this effect was obtained when whole wheat grain flour was used. The tIII-SD crafted from a blend of wheat and flaxseed flours and fermented with F. sanfranciscensis for 48 h (BSWF48h-FS), demonstrated superior performance compared to other formulations. This variant exhibited a total shelf life of 10 days, suggesting that the utilization of tIII-SD could serve as a viable alternative for natural antifungal agents, proving beneficial for the bakery industry.
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Antifúngicos , Pão , Fermentação , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Pão/microbiologia , Pão/análise , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus niger/efeitos dos fármacos , Penicillium/efeitos dos fármacos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Farinha/análise , Conservação de Alimentos/métodos , Triticum/química , Triticum/microbiologia , Penicillium chrysogenum , Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolismoRESUMO
Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre cursos online sobre aleitamento materno como estratégia para melhoria da qualidade assistencial. Métodos: Revisão de escopo, baseada no método proposto pelo Joanna Briggs Institute.As bases eletrônicas de dados utilizadas foram: PubMed; LILACS; CINAHL; SCOPUS; Web of Science; BDENF e EMBASE, publicados de 2015 a 2020. Resultados: De um total de 961 resumos, 15 artigos foram selecionados e lidos na íntegra, com inclusão de 9. As publicações ocorreram entre 2011 e 2020, com amostras entre 54 a 26.009 participantes. Em apenas 5 estudos (55,6%) utilizou-se algum método de avaliação da aprendizagem e a estratégia mais usada foi a aplicação de pré e pós teste. Conclusão: A escassez de estudos a respeito de cursos online sobre aleitamento materno para melhoria da qualidade assistencial evidencia uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre o tema. Também se constatou a necessidade de melhorar a descrição metodológica dos estudos publicados.
Objective: to analyze the scientific production on online courses on breastfeeding as a strategy to improve the quality of care.Methods: a scoping review, based on the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute.The electronic databases used were: PubMed; LILACS; CINAHL; SCOPUS; Web of Science; BDENF and EMBASE, published from 2015 to 2020. Results: 961 abstracts were read, 15 articles in full for the final inclusion of 9 articles. The publications occurred between 2011 and 2020, their samples ranged from 54 to 26009 participants. In only 5 studies (55.6%) some method of learning assessment was used and the most used strategy was the application of pre and post test. Conclusion: the scarcity of studies on online courses on breastfeeding as a strategy to improve the quality of care shows a gap in knowledge on the subject. It was also found the need to improve the methodological description of the published studies.
Objetivo: analizar la producción científica sobre cursos online en aleatoriedad materna como estrategia para mejorar la calidad asistencial. Métodos: Revisión de escopo, basada en el método propuesto por el Instituto Joanna Briggs.Las bases de datos electrónicas utilizadas fueron: PubMed; LILACS; CINAHL; SCOPUS; Web of Science; BDENF y EMBASE, publicadas desde 2015 hasta 2020. Resultados: Se leyeron 961 resúmenes, 15 artículos completos para la inclusión final de 9 artículos. Las publicaciones se produjeron entre 2011 y 2020, sus muestras oscilaron entre 54 y 26009 participantes. Sólo en 5 estudios (55,6%) se utilizó algún método de evaluación del aprendizaje y la estrategia más utilizada fue la aplicación de pre y postest. Conclusión: La escasez de estudios a propósito de los cursos online sobre el aleitamento materno como estrategia para la mejora de la calidad asistencial evidencia una laguna de conocimiento sobre el tema. También se constató la necesidad de mejorar la descripción metodológica de los estudios publicados.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Aleitamento Materno , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Educação a Distância , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Tecnologia EducacionalRESUMO
AIM: Microscopic bowel inflammation is present in up to 60% of all patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and appears to be associated with more severe joint disease and a higher risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to determine the utility of fecal calprotectin (fCAL) in evaluating endoscopic and histological bowel inflammation in SpA patients. METHODS: Ileocolonoscopies with biopsies and fCAL measurements were performed in 65 patients with SpA. RESULTS: In 47 (72.3%) patients, the fCAL levels were higher than 50 µg/g, whereas in 20 (30.7%), these levels were greater than 250 µg/g. A total of 38 (58.5%) patients presented with microscopic bowel inflammation, and 13 (20%) presented with signs of endoscopic inflammation. fCAL levels were significantly higher in patients with microscopic bowel inflammation than in those without inflammatory findings (P < .001); additionally, these levels were slightly higher in patients with endoscopic signs of bowel inflammation (P = .053). A fCAL cutoff value of 96 µg/g predicted histological bowel inflammation with 73% sensitivity and 67% specificity. No statistically significant difference was observed in the fCAL levels between patients who had been treated or not treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm a high prevalence of microscopic bowel inflammation in SpA patients, regardless of the use of NSAIDs. The evaluation of fCAL levels proved to be useful in the identification of microscopic inflammation and could help in the more judicious indication of ileocolonoscopy. These results support the use of fCAL for the evaluation of microscopic bowel inflammation in SpA patients.
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Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais , Espondilartrite , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores/análise , Colonoscopia , Fezes/química , Humanos , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Complexo Antígeno L1 Leucocitário , Espondilartrite/diagnóstico , Espondilartrite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Abstract Heart failure (HF) is the most common cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH), and reduced exercise capacity and exertional dyspnea are the most frequent concerns in patients with PH-HF. Indeed, carbon dioxide end-tidal partial pressure (PETCO 2 ) during exercise is a well-established noninvasive marker of ventilation/perfusion ratio in PH. We aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training on PETCO 2 response during exercise in a 59-year-old woman with PH secondary to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The patient with chronic fatigue and dyspnea at mild-to-moderate efforts was admitted to a cardiorespiratory rehabilitation program and had her cardiorespiratory response to exercise assessed during a cardiopulmonary exercise testing performed before and after three months of a thrice-weekly aerobic exercise training program. Improvements in aerobic capacity (23.9%) and endurance time (37.5%) and reduction in ventilatory inefficiency (-20.2%) was found after intervention. Post-intervention improvements in PETCO 2 at ventilatory anaerobic threshold (23.3%) and change in PETCO 2 kinetics pattern, with progressive increases from rest to peak of exercise, were also found. Patient also improved breathing pattern and timing of ventilation. This case report demonstrated for the first time that aerobic exercise training might be able to improve PETCO 2 response during exercise in a patient with PH-HF.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/reabilitação , Treino Aeróbico , Hipertensão Pulmonar/reabilitação , Ventilação de Alta Frequência , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/prevenção & controle , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Teste de Esforço , Reabilitação Cardíaca/métodos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/prevenção & controleRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) with a remission-relapsing presentation and symptomatic exacerbations that have detrimental impacts on patient quality of life and are associated with a high cost burden, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease. The Real-world Data of Moderate-to-Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Brazil (RISE BR) study was a noninterventional study designed to evaluate disease control, treatment patterns, disease burden and health-related quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe active IBD. We report findings from the prospective follow-up phase of the RISE BR study in patients with active UC or CD. AIM: To describe the 12-mo disease evolution and treatment patterns among patients with active moderate-to-severe IBD in Brazil. METHODS: This was a prospective, noninterventional study of adult patients with active Crohn's disease (CD: Harvey-Bradshaw Index ≥ 8, CD Activity Index ≥ 220), inadequate CD control (i.e., calprotectin > 200 µg/g or colonoscopy previous results), or active ulcerative colitis (UC: Partial Mayo score ≥ 5). Enrollment occurred in 14 centers from October 2016 to February 2017. The proportion of active IBD patients after 9-12 mo of follow-up, Kaplan-Meier estimates of the time to mild or no activity and a summary of treatment initiation, discontinuation and dose changes were examined. RESULTS: The study included 118 CD and 36 UC patients, with mean ± SD ages of 43.3 ± 12.6 and 44.9 ± 16.5 years, respectively. The most frequent drug classes at index were biologics for CD (62.7%) and 5-aminosalicylate derivates for UC patients (91.7%). During follow-up, 65.3% of CD and 86.1% of UC patients initiated a new treatment at least once. Discontinuations/dose changes occurred in 68.1% of CD patients [median 2.0 (IQR: 2-5)] and 94.3% of UC patients [median 4.0 (IQR: 3-7)]. On average, CD and UC patients had 4.4 ± 2.6 and 5.0 ± 3.3 outpatient visits, respectively. The median time to first mild or no activity was 319 (IQR: 239-358) d for CD and 320 (IQR: 288-358) d for UC patients. At 9-12 mo, 22.0% of CD and 20.0% of UC patients had active disease. CONCLUSION: Although a marked proportion of active IBD patients achieved disease control within one year, the considerable time to achieve this outcome represents an unmet medical need of the current standard of care in a Brazilian real-world setting.
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Colite Ulcerativa , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/diagnóstico , Colite Ulcerativa/tratamento farmacológico , Colite Ulcerativa/epidemiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de VidaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of a quaternary care center on the implementation of a care program for patients with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 requiring an extracorporeal oxygenation membrane. METHOD: This is an experience report with a descriptive approach, analyzing the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in a quaternary care center in the city of Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: The planning for the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane included training with the professionals and use of the components related to the adaptation of the protocol, equipment, facilities, quality and safety. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Planning, resource allocation and regular training of the team to offer complex interventions, in line with recommendations for good practices in the care for patients with pulmonary complications related to the new coronavirus were essential for the development of the action plan for the use of extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in this pandemic period.
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COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Humanos , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To report the experience of a quaternary care center on the implementation of a care program for patients with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 requiring an extracorporeal oxygenation membrane. Method: This is an experience report with a descriptive approach, analyzing the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in a quaternary care center in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Results: The planning for the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane included training with the professionals and use of the components related to the adaptation of the protocol, equipment, facilities, quality and safety. Final Considerations: Planning, resource allocation and regular training of the team to offer complex interventions, in line with recommendations for good practices in the care for patients with pulmonary complications related to the new coronavirus were essential for the development of the action plan for the use of extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in this pandemic period.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Reportar sobre la experiencia de un centro cuaternario sobre la implantación de un programa de cuidados a pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria hipoxémica grave por SARS-CoV-2, con necesidad de membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea. Método Se trata de un reporte de experiencia, con enfoque descriptivo, sobre la utilización de la membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea en un centro cuaternario de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Resultados: En la planificación para la utilización de la membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea, los profesionales recibieron capacitación respecto a los componentes relacionados con la adecuación del protocolo, equipos, instalaciones, calidad y seguridad. Consideraciones Finales: La planificación, asignación de recursos y mantenimiento de la capacitación regular del personal para realizar intervenciones complejas de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de buenas prácticas en la atención de pacientes con complicaciones pulmonares relacionadas con el nuevo coronavirus, fueron pilares fundamentales para el desarrollo del plan de acción para el uso de la membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea en este período pandémico.
RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de um centro quaternário sobre a implementação de um programa de cuidados a pacientes com insuficiência respiratória hipoxêmica grave por SARS-CoV-2 com necessidade de membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, com abordagem descritiva, para utilização da membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea em um centro quaternário na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: No planejamento para utilização da membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea, foram realizados treinamentos com os profissionais, utilizados os componentes relacionados a adequação do protocolo, equipamentos, instalações, qualidade e segurança. Considerações Finais: Planejamento, alocação de recursos e manutenção de treinamentos regulares com a equipe, para oferecer intervenções complexas, alinhadas com as recomendações para boas práticas no cuidado aos pacientes com complicações pulmonares relacionadas ao novo coronavírus, foram pilares fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do plano de ação na utilização da membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea neste período de pandemia.
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ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the surface roughness and color stability of the composite resin after surface treatment with the aluminum oxide discs and subsequent exposure to the Advanced Teeth Whitening Strips. Methods 20 specimens of the Filtek Z350XT restorer (3M®) were prepared and daily subjected to home bleaching for 30 minutes during 14 days. A precision rugosimeter was used in order to verify the roughness by means of 3 random readings in the same direction in each sample. For color stability the CIELAB system (L*, a*, b* values) was used through the spectrophotometer (MINOLTA CR -321, Japan). The means of the test specimens as well as the mean of each group were calculated using the random readings. Data statistical analysis were performed by ANOVA- analysis of variance. The level of significance was set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Results Roughness did not present great numerical variations. No statistically significant difference between the means obtained concerning the surface roughness of the composite resin with p = 0.44 was observed. However, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the means obtained in relation to the color stability of the composite resin, p=0. 007. Conclusion It was concluded that pre-contoured strips containing 6% hydrogen peroxide do not have a significant adverse effect on the roughness of Z350XT (3M®) resin. However, it was also concluded that according to the color stability analysis performed, there may be an indication of the restoration replacement after the bleaching treatment, due to their color change.
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a rugosidade superficial e a estabilidade da cor da resina composta após tratamento de superfície com os discos de óxido de alumínio e posterior exposição à fita clareadora Advanced Teeth Whitening Strips. Métodos Foram confeccionados 20 corpos de prova do restaurador universal Filtek Z350XT (3M®), estes, foram submetidos ao clareamento caseiro por 30 minutos diários durante 14 dias. Utilizou-se um rugosímetro de precisão para verificação da rugosidade através de 3 leituras aleatórias no mesmo sentido em cada amostra, e para estabilidade de cor foi utilizado o sistema CIELAB (valores L*, a*, b*), através do espectofotômetro (MINOLTA CR-321, Japão). As leituras coletadas possibilitaram o cálculo das médias dos corpos de prova e a média de cada grupo. Em seguida, os dados foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico pela análise de variância ANOVA. O nível de significância estabelecido foi de 5% (p≤0,05). Resultados a rugosidade não sofreu grandes variações numéricas e também não houve diferença estatisticamente significantes entre as médias obtidas em relação a rugosidade superficial da resina composta (p=0,44). Contudo, verificou-se que houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as medias obtidas em relação à estabilidade de cor da resina composta, com p= 0,007. Conclusão As fitas pré-contornadas contendo peróxido de hidrogênio a 6% não provocam efeito adverso significantes sobre a rugosidade da resina Z350XT (3M®). Contudo, também concluímos que, de acordo com a análise de estabilidade de cor realizada, poderá haver indicação da substituição das restaurações após o tratamento clareador devido à alteração na coloração das mesmas.
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BACKGROUND: The Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil and the most biodiverse tropical savannah in the world and acts as a great sequester of atmospheric carbon. The lack of studies related to the quantification of its total biomass compromises the understanding of the dynamics of CO2 in this biome. Thus, it is relevant to develop studies aiming at obtaining accurate estimates of the carbon stock in the different phytophysiognomies that make the Cerrado, to include them in appropriate forest management models. Based on the hypothesis that the amount of carbon stored can vary according to the vegetation typology and vegetation compartments, the aerial stock of dry biomass and carbon were estimated in different compartments (arboreal, herbaceous-shrub and litter). The study was developed in open Brazilian savannah and soils on the sandstone and discussed the effect of fire on this phytophysiognomy. For the arboreal compartment were adjusted mathematical models to fit the biomass equations to estimate the individual stock of the trees in this compartment. The results of the stocks were discussed considering the effect of fire on the phytophysiognomy. RESULTS: Based on the precision and extra distribution measures, the Schumacher-Hall (non-logarithmic) equation presented better results to estimate the individual biomass and carbon stocks of the open Brazilian savannah trees. The aboveground biomass was 12.88 Mg ha-1, corresponding to a total carbon stock of 5.91 Mg ha-1, where most of the stocks are in the herbaceous-shrub compartment (44%). The arboreal compartment accounts for the smallest part of the stocks, followed by the litter. CONCLUSIONS: The observed values are in the interval verified for other areas of savannah studied in Brazil. The values verified for the open Brazilian savannah in sandy soils are at the lower limit of this range, due to the nutrient-poor nature of this type of soil. The distribution of stocks in the different compartments above the ground points to the fragility of this environment to the random fire effect, common in the region. That shows the need for conservation measures for vegetation maintenance and soil protection to preserve adequate nutrient cycling in the ecosystem.
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Phthalides and their precursors have demonstrated a large variety of biological activities. Eighteen phthalides were synthesized and tested on the stored grain pest Rhyzopertha dominica. In the screening bioassay, compounds rac-(2R,2aS,4R,4aS,6aR,6bS,7R)-7-bromohexahydro-2,4-methano-1,6-dioxacyclopenta[cd]pentalen-5(2H)-one (15) and rac-(3R,3aR,4R,7S,7aS)-3-(propan-2-yloxy)hexahydro-4,7-methano-2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one (17) showed mortality similar to the commercial insecticide, Bifenthrin® (≥90 %). The time (LT50 ) and dose (LD50 ) necessary to kill 50 % of the R. dominica population were determined for the most efficacious phthalides 15 and 17. Compound 15 presented the lowest LD50 (1.97â µg g-1 ), being four times more toxic than Bifenthrin® (LD50 =9.11â µg g-1 ). Both compounds presented an LT50 value equal to 24â h. When applied at a sublethal dose, both phthalides (especially compound 15), reduced the emergence of the first progeny of R. dominica. These findings highlight the potential of phthalides 15 and 17 as precursors for the development of insecticides for R. dominica control.
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Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Besouros/efeitos dos fármacos , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Animais , Benzofuranos/química , Benzofuranos/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Inseticidas/química , Inseticidas/isolamento & purificação , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Dento-alveolar traumas are one of the most frequent injuries to teeth, mainly affecting the upper incisors due to their exposed position in the dental arch. In such cases, esthetics, function and phonetics of anterior teeth may be compromised. Furthermore, when there is involvement of the biological width, there is often a poor prognosis. This case report describes the multidisciplinary approach to tooth fragment re-attachment in a fracture with biological width violation. The patient presented with an oblique crown fracture in the maxillary right lateral incisor, extending from the buccal to palatal side, as well as a biological width invasion. The re-establishment of the biological width was obtained by periodontal surgery to achieve clinical-crown lengthening and tooth fragment re-attachment with a glass fiber post to increase retention. After 3 years of follow-up, the rehabilitated lateral incisor remains in good condition, with satisfactory esthetic and periodontal health.
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Fraturas dos Dentes/terapia , Colagem Dentária/métodos , Coroa do Dente/lesões , Incisivo/lesões , Reimplante Dentário , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
With important carbohydrate binding properties, lectins are proteins able to decipher the glycocode, and as such, they can be used in bioassays involving cell-cell communication, protein targeting, inflammation, and hypernociception, among others. In this study, a new glucose/mannose-specific lectin from Canavalia villosa seeds (Cvill) was isolated by a single affinity chromatography step in a Sephadex® G-50 column, with a purification yield of 19.35mg of lectin per gram of powdered seed. Analysis of intact protein by mass spectrometry showed the lectin is composed of three polypeptide chains, including a 25.6kDa α chain, 12.9KDa ß, and 12.6 KDa γ fragments, similar to the profile of ConA-like glucose/mannose-specific lectins. Partial sequence of the protein was obtained by MS-MALDI TOF/TOF covering 41.7% of its primary structure. Cvill presented sugar specificity to d-glucose, α-methyl-d-mannoside, d-mannose, and glycoproteins fetuin and ovoalbumin. The lectin characterization showed that Cvill presents high stability within a broad range of pH and temperature, also showing average toxicity against Artemia nauplii. The proinflammatory effect of Cvill was observed by induction of paw edema and hypernociception in mice, with the participation of the carbohydrate binding site, showing its potential to be used as tool in inflammation studies.
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Analgésicos/farmacologia , Canavalia/química , Glucose/metabolismo , Lectinas de Ligação a Manose/farmacologia , Manose/metabolismo , Lectinas de Plantas/farmacologia , Sementes/química , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Analgésicos/química , Analgésicos/metabolismo , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Artemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Lectinas de Ligação a Manose/química , Lectinas de Ligação a Manose/metabolismo , Lectinas de Ligação a Manose/uso terapêutico , Camundongos , Lectinas de Plantas/química , Lectinas de Plantas/metabolismo , Lectinas de Plantas/uso terapêutico , TemperaturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oxazolidinones derivatives exhibit different biological properties, including anticancer activity. This work aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of five novel 2-Thioxo-oxazolidin-4-one derivatives. METHODS: Cytotoxicity assays were performed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy individuals and seven tumor cell lines. Apoptosis detection and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry and the expression of genes involved in cell death processes by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS: All oxazolinedione derivatives were not cytotoxic in PBMCs. NB-5 showed the best results in cancer cells, inhibiting the growth of all tumor cell lines tested. NB-4 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in Jurkat cells (IC50=15.19µM) and NB-3 showed better anticancer effects in HL-60 (17.84µM). Only NB-4 significantly induced apoptosis in acute leukemia cells (p=0.001). All compounds caused a significant increase in expression of pro-apoptotic gene BID (p<0.05) and BECN1 (p<0.05). NB-3 significantly modulated the expression of RIPK3 (p=0.02) and DDIT3 (p=0.014), while NB-2 induced an increase of CDKN1A (p=0.03) and NB-4 induced PPARγ gene (p=0.0006). CONCLUSION: NB-5 showed antitumor effects in solid and hematopoietic cancer cells, while other derivatives produced higher activity against hematopoietic cells. In acute leukemia cells, oxazolidinone derivatives modulated the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, ER stress, necroptosis and inflammation.
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Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Imidazolidinas/síntese química , Imidazolidinas/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Imidazolidinas/química , Leucócitos Mononucleares/efeitos dos fármacos , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Investigating the impact of pesticides on non-target organisms is essential for sustainable integrated pest management programs. We therefore assessed the toxicity of ten insecticides to the brassica caterpillar Ascia monuste and its ant predator Solenopsis saevissima and examined the effect that the insecticide synergists had on toxicity to the predator. We also assessed the residual period of control and impact of the insecticides during the brassica growing cycle. RESULTS: All insecticides except flubendiamide exhibited mortality above the threshold required by Brazilian legislation (80%). Chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, indoxacarb and spinosad exhibited lower toxicity to the ant predator than they did to the brassica caterpillar. The results obtained for synergized insecticides suggest that selectivity to the predator was due the involvement of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases. Chlorfenapyr and cyantraniliprole exhibited the highest residual periods of control to the brassica caterpillar, whereas malathion had the greatest impact on the predator. CONCLUSION: Most of the insecticides efficiently controlled the brassica caterpillar, but not all exhibited selectivity to the predator. Therefore, due to the distinctive responses of organisms with respect to residual periods of control and the impact of the insecticides, spraying frequency must be strongly considered in integrated pest management programs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Formigas/efeitos dos fármacos , Borboletas/efeitos dos fármacos , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Animais , Brassica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brasil , Borboletas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cadeia Alimentar , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Controle de PragasRESUMO
This work reports an optimization of protease from Penicillium aurantiogriseum immobilization on polyaniline-coated magnetic nanoparticles for antioxidant peptides' obtainment derived from bovine casein. Immobilization process was optimized using a full two-level factorial design (24) followed by a response surface methodology. Using the derivative, casein was hydrolyzed uncovering its peptides that were sequenced and had antioxidant properties tested through (2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) (ABTS) radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Optimal conditions for immobilization were 2 hr of immobilization, offered protein amount of 200 µg/mL, immobilization pH of 6.3 and 7.3 hr of activation. Derivative keeps over 74% of its original activity after reused five times. Free and immobilized enzyme casein hydrolysates presented similar peptide mass fingerprints, and prevalent peptides could be sequenced. Hydrolysates presented more than 2.5× higher ROS scavenging activity than nonhydrolyzed casein, which validates the immobilized protease capacity to develop casein-derived natural ingredients with potential for functional foods.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Caseínas/metabolismo , Enzimas Imobilizadas/metabolismo , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Penicillium/enzimologia , Peptídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Caseínas/química , Caseínas/farmacologia , Bovinos , Enzimas Imobilizadas/química , Hidrólise , Peptídeo Hidrolases/química , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/farmacologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Despite being of great importance to crop protection, the disadvantages of intensive and inappropriate use of pesticides have stimulated the search for more selective and less harmful agrochemicals. Thus, we have evaluated the effectiveness of 16 synthetic molecules (phthalides and precursors) to control the melonworm Diaphania hyalinata, a key pest in cucurbit crops of economic importance in Brazil. The selectivity to beneficial organisms Solenopsis saevissima and Tetragonisca angustula and the phytotoxicity to Cucumis sativus of the promising insecticides were also assessed. RESULTS: In the screening assay, compounds 1 and 6 provided 91 and 88% mortality of the melonworm. Compound 1 presented higher toxicity (median lethal dose LD50 = 15.99 µmol g(-1) ) and higher speed on pest control (median survival time LT50 = 420 min) than compound 6 (LD50 = 44.51 µmol g(-1) and LT50 = 840 min). Both compounds inhibited less than 11% of host-plant growth and caused ≤36 and ≥93% mortality of predator and pollinator respectively. CONCLUSION: Among the tested compounds, only compounds 1 and 6 were effective in melonworm control. Both compounds presented no considerable phytotoxicity and were selective to predator but non-selective to pollinator, which enables their application for pest control if the exposure of the bees is minimised. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Formigas/efeitos dos fármacos , Abelhas/efeitos dos fármacos , Cucumis sativus/efeitos dos fármacos , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Mariposas/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Benzofuranos/toxicidade , Cadeia Alimentar , Furanos/farmacologia , Furanos/toxicidade , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Mariposas/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
O presente trabalho está inserido na pesquisa Mulheres com trajetórias de rua, desenvolvida pela equipe Polos Pop de Rua do Programa Polos de Cidadania da UFMG, que tem como objetivo analisar trajetórias de vida de mulheres em situação de rua em Belo Horizonte. A história de vida é o procedimento metodológico por meio do qual se foi ao encontro do universo dessas mulheres. O artigo apresentará as análises das histórias de vida de duas mulheres trans com trajetórias de rua, problematizando as seguintes categorias: família, afeto, trabalho e violência institucional. A partir do material obtido, espera-se evidenciar as especificidades do processo de construção identitária dessas mulheres, permeado por uma série de vulnerabilidades que evidenciam uma lógica de invisibilidade, exclusão e pobreza.
This work is inserted in the search Women with street life experience(Street dwelling women), developed by the team Polos Pop de Rua of the Programa Polos de Cidadania of UFMG, which aims to analyze women's life experiences on the streets in Belo Horizonte. The life story is the methodological procedure by which the universe of these women was approached. The present article analyzes the life stories of two transsexual women with street life experience, discussing the following categories: family, affection, work and institutional violence. From the material obtained it is expected to highlight the specifics as to an identity construction process of these women, permeated by a number of vulnerabilities that show a logic of invisibility, exclusion and poverty.
RESUMO
A series of thiophene-2-thiosemicarbazones derivatives (5-14) was synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their antitumor activity. They were tested in vitro against human tumor cell lines through the colorimetric method. The results revealed that compounds 7 and 9 were the most effective in inhibiting 50% of the cell growth after 48 h of treatment. As compound 7 showed a potent antiproliferative profile, it has been chosen for further studies in 786-0 cell line by flow cytometry. Treatments with compound 7 (50 µM) induced early phosphatidylserine exposure after 18 h of exposure and this process progressed phosphatidylserine exposure with loss of cell membrane integrity after 24 h of treatment, suggesting a time-dependent cell death process. Regarding the cell cycle profile, no changes were observed after treatment with compound 7 (25 µM), suggesting a mechanism of cell death independent on the cell cycle. The in vivo studies show that compound 7 possess low acute toxicity, being the doses of 30-300 mgKg(-1) chosen for studies in Ehrlich solid tumor model in mice. All doses were able to inhibit tumor development being the lowest one the most effective. Our findings highlight thiophene-2-thiosemicarbazones as a promising class of compounds for further studies concerning new anticancer therapies.