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Heat stress is a condition that impairs the animal's productive and reproductive performance, and can be monitored by physiological and environmental variables, including body surface temperature, through infrared thermography. The objective of this work is to develop computational models for classification of heat stress from respiratory rate variable in dairy cattle using infrared thermography. The database used for the construction of the models was obtained from 10 weaned heifers, housed in a climate chamber with temperature control, and submitted to thermal comfort and heat wave treatments. Physiological and environmental data were collected, as well as thermographic images. The machine learning modeling environment used was IBM Watson, IBM's cognitive computing services platform, which has several data processing and mining tools. Classifier models for heat stress were evaluated using the confusion matrix metrics and compared to the traditional method based on Temperature and Humidity Index. The best accuracy obtained for classification of the heat stress level was 86.8%, which is comparable to previous works. The authors conclude that it was possible to develop accurate and practical models for real-time monitoring of dairy cattle heat stress.
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Doenças dos Bovinos , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor , Aprendizado de Máquina , Termografia , Animais , Bovinos/fisiologia , Termografia/veterinária , Termografia/métodos , Feminino , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/veterinária , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/fisiopatologia , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Indústria de Laticínios/métodos , Taxa Respiratória , Raios Infravermelhos , Temperatura Alta/efeitos adversosRESUMO
(1) Background: Dysregulated serum amino acids (AA) are known to be associated with obesity and risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in adults, and recent studies support the same notion in the pubertal age. It is, however, unknown whether childhood overweight may already display alterations of circulating AA. (2) Methods: We used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-targeted metabolomics to determine plasma concentrations of AA and AA-related molecules in 36 children aged 7-12 years with normal weight or overweight. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were measured. (3) Results: Overweight in children is associated with an altered AA profile, with increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and decreased glycine levels, with no clinically manifested metabolic conditions. Moreover, z-BMI was positively and negatively correlated with BCAA and glycine levels, respectively, even after adjustment for age and gender. We also found a correlation between the AA profile and clinical parameters such as lipids profile and glycemia. (4) Conclusions: A pattern of low glycine, and increased BCAA is correlated to z-BMI, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in overweight but otherwise healthy children. Our data suggest that, in childhood overweight, AA disturbances may precede other clinical parameters, thus providing an early indicator for the later development of metabolic disease.
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Aminoácidos de Cadeia Ramificada , Aminoácidos , Glicina , Sobrepeso , Obesidade Infantil , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Masculino , Glicina/sangue , Aminoácidos de Cadeia Ramificada/sangue , Aminoácidos/sangue , Sobrepeso/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Índice de Massa Corporal , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Cromatografia Líquida , Metabolômica/métodos , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
Introdução: A recente preocupação sobre a segurança dos implantes de silicone tem levado muitas mulheres a buscarem a retirada de seus implantes, mesmo sem aparente complicação nas mamas. Por outro lado, muitos cirurgiões não se sentem confortáveis em realizar o explante por receio de que a paciente não gostará do resultado estético após a cirurgia. A ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) é um recurso valioso para avaliação diagnóstica das mamas e pode ser usada no planejamento do explante. O objetivo é demonstrar como a análise sistematizada das imagens da ressonância magnética das mamas pode auxiliar no planejamento do explante de silicone. Método: Uma análise detalhada dos cortes axial e sagital da RNM foi feita para avaliar a quantidade de tecido em cada mama. Essas imagens foram apresentadas às pacientes durante a consulta pré-operatória para que elas pudessem perceber, com clareza, o quanto o implante influencia no tamanho de suas mamas. No mesmo momento, foram apresentadas fotos de pós-operatório de pacientes com características semelhantes para que a paciente pudesse analisar, de forma mais objetiva, se ficaria satisfeita ou não com a estética das mamas após o explante. Resultados: As pacientes demonstraram alto grau de compreensão das imagens apresentadas e se mostraram satisfeitas com esta análise detalhada de expectativa de resultado. Conclusão: A comparação das imagens da RNM das mamas e das imagens de resultados de pós-operatório confere maior objetividade ao diálogo pré-operatório, favorecendo a compreensão do resultado esperado e trazendo maior clareza à decisão pelo explante.
Introduction: Recent concerns about the safety of silicone implants have led many women to seek the removal of their implants, even without apparent breast complications. On the other hand, many surgeons do not feel comfortable performing the explant for fear that the patient will not like the aesthetic result after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable resource for diagnostic evaluation of the breast and can be used in explant planning. The objective is to demonstrate how the systematic analysis of breast MRI images can assist in planning silicone explantation. Method: A detailed analysis of the axial and sagittal MRI sections was performed to assess the amount of tissue in each breast. These images were presented to patients during the preoperative consultation so that they could clearly understand how much the implant influences the size of their breasts. At the same time, post-operative photos of patients with similar characteristics were presented so that the patient could analyze, more objectively, whether or not she would be satisfied with the aesthetics of her breasts after explantation. Results: The patients demonstrated a high degree of understanding of the images presented and were satisfied with this detailed analysis of expected results. Conclusion: The comparison of breast MRI images and postoperative results images provides greater objectivity to the preoperative dialogue, favoring the understanding of the expected result and bringing greater clarity to the decision for explantation.
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Milk is considered one of the basic raw materials of animal origin; it must present hygienic quality and physical-chemical properties suitable for processing and human consumption. Thus, the ingestion of milk in natura when not properly treated can be characterized as an opportunistic route of transmission of possible microbial pathogens, which can offer risks to public health. The present study aimed the yeast identification, to analyze the thermo-resistance of yeasts isolated from fresh milk, and to trace the susceptibility profile of the isolates to antifungal agents. For this, 23 samples of fresh milk type B, collected by manual or mechanical milking, were stored in collective refrigeration tanks of farms located in the Metropolitan Region of Natal and nearby, State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Twenty samples of fresh milk commercially traded in the city of Ceará-Mirim RN were also analyzed. The yeasts were quantified by count of colony-forming units (CFU). All isolated species were treated by slow pasteurization (62-64 °C for 30 min) and fast (72-75 °C for 20 s), as well as by boiling (100 °C). Fifty yeast strains were obtained, and the species were identified as Candida tropicalis (28%), Candida parapsilosis (14%), Candida albicans (12%), Candida glabrata (10%), Candida krusei (10%), Kluyveromyces marxianus (10%), Candida guilliermondii (8%), Candida rugosa (2%), Candida orthopsilosis (2%), Pichia manshurica (2%), and Kodamaea ohmeri (2%). Five isolates showed resistance to the antifungal agents tested. Among all the isolates submitted to heat treatment, 80% were resistant to fast pasteurization and 60% to boiling, but none of them resisted the slow pasteurization. The milk collected through mechanical milking and stored in collective cooling tanks, presented higher rates of yeast contamination, compared to milk samples collected by manual milking and kept under the same storage conditions.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos , Termotolerância , Animais , Humanos , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Leite , Temperatura Alta , Pasteurização , Temperatura , Leveduras , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
This study assessed the behavior of dairy calves raised in outdoor holding pens covered with different geosynthetics. Twenty crossbred (Girolando, Jersey and Holstein) dairy calves undergoing weaning were used, with an average initial live weight of 40.6 Kg. A completely randomized block design was used, with a 4 x 3 factorial scheme and 5 repetitions. The roofing materials were polyethylene mesh, drainage geocomposite, nonwoven geotextile and woven geotextile, representing the first factor, and assessment times (8 to 11 a.m., 11:15 a.m. to 2 p.m. and 2:15 to 6 p.m.) the second factor. Environmental variables were analyzed, and the following heat stress indices calculated: black globe-humidity index (BGHI) and equivalent temperature. The average BGHI and equivalent temperature were 79 and 26, respectively. Walking behavior differed between treatments (P<0.05) and was more frequent in the woven geotextile treatment. The most frequent behavior observed throughout the day was lying in the shade (53%), demonstrating the importance of providing artificial shading during this stage of life. When compared to polyethylene mesh, the drainage geocomposite and nonwoven geotextile were better suited to providing shade for dairy calves undergoing weaning in tropical regions.
O trabalho avaliou o comportamento de bezerras leiteiras, criadas em bezerreiros de modelo tropical, contendo diferentes geossintéticos como material de cobertura. Foram avaliadas 20 fêmeas Girolando, Jersey e Holandesa com peso inicial médio de 40,6 Kg durante a fase de aleitamento. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados completos, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 3 com 5 repetições. Os materiais de cobertura foram: malha de polietileno, geocomposto drenante, geotêxtil não-tecido e geotêxtil tecido foram o primeiro fator e os períodos do dia (08 às 11, 11:15 às 14 e 14:15 às 18 horas) foram o segundo fator. Foram avaliadas as variáveis ambientais e calculados os índices de conforto térmico: índice de temperatura do globo negro e umidade e índice de temperatura equivalente. As médias do índice de temperatura do globo negro e índice de temperatura equivalente foram 79 e 26, respectivamente. O comportamento andando diferiu entre tratamentos (P<0,05), sendo mais frequente no tratamento geotêxtil tecido. A frequência comportamental mais observada ao longo do dia foi deitada à sombra (53%) deixando evidente a importância da disponibilização de sombreamento artificial para essa fase de vida. Os materiais de cobertura geossintéticos Geodrenante e Geotêxtil não-tecido, comparados à malha de polietileno, foram os mais apropriados para a utilização como sombreamento em regiões de clima tropical para bezerras em fase de aleitamento.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Comportamento Animal , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/veterinária , Abrigo para Animais/estatística & dados numéricos , Clima TropicalRESUMO
In recent decades, the high incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases has been replaced by a high prevalence of chronic and degenerative diseases. Concomitantly, there have been profound changes in the behavior and eating habits of families around the world, characterizing a "nutritional transition" phenomenon, which refers to a shift in diet in response to modernization, urbanization, or economic development from undernutrition to the excessive consumption of hypercaloric and ultra-processed foods. Protein malnutrition that was a health problem in the first half of the 20th century has now been replaced by high-fat diets, especially diets high in saturated fat, predisposing consumers to overweight and obesity. This panorama points us to the alarming coexistence of both malnutrition and obesity in the same population. In this way, individuals whose mothers were undernourished early in pregnancy and then exposed to postnatal hyperlipidic nutrition have increased risk factors for developing metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Thus, our major aim was to review the cardiometabolic effects resulting from postnatal hyperlipidic diets in protein-restricted subjects, as well as to examine the epigenetic repercussions occasioned by the nutritional transition.
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Most leaf functional trait studies in the Amazon basin do not consider ontogenetic variations (leaf age), which may influence ecosystem productivity throughout the year. When leaf age is taken into account, it is generally considered discontinuous, and leaves are classified into age categories based on qualitative observations. Here, we quantified age-dependent changes in leaf functional traits such as the maximum carboxylation rate of ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) (Vcmax), stomatal control (Cgs%), leaf dry mass per area and leaf macronutrient concentrations for nine naturally growing Amazon tropical trees with variable phenological strategies. Leaf ages were assessed by monthly censuses of branch-level leaf demography; we also performed leaf trait measurements accounting for leaf chronological age based on days elapsed since the first inclusion in the leaf demography, not predetermined age classes. At the tree community scale, a nonlinear relationship between Vcmax and leaf age existed: young, developing leaves showed the lowest mean photosynthetic capacity, increasing to a maximum at 45 days and then decreasing gradually with age in both continuous and categorical age group analyses. Maturation times among species and phenological habits differed substantially, from 8 ± 30 to 238 ± 30 days, and the rate of decline of Vcmax varied from -0.003 to -0.065 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 day-1. Stomatal control increased significantly in young leaves but remained constant after peaking. Mass-based phosphorus and potassium concentrations displayed negative relationships with leaf age, whereas nitrogen did not vary temporally. Differences in life strategies, leaf nutrient concentrations and phenological types, not the leaf age effect alone, may thus be important factors for understanding observed photosynthesis seasonality in Amazonian forests. Furthermore, assigning leaf age categories in diverse tree communities may not be the recommended method for studying carbon uptake seasonality in the Amazon, since the relationship between Vcmax and leaf age could not be confirmed for all trees.
Assuntos
Ecossistema , Árvores , Dióxido de Carbono , Fotossíntese , Folhas de PlantaRESUMO
Introducción. La resistencia antimicrobiana incrementa la morbimortalidad y es un problema serio en el mundo. Objetivo: Describir la resistencia antibiótica de bacterias aisladas en hemocultivos y Urocultivos en niños hospitalizados menores de 15 años. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. La identificación bacteriana se hizo con VITEK XL, la susceptibilidad antibiótica con el CLSI. Resultados: Hemocultivos: Staphylococcus hominis 12,5% resistente a la Vancomicina. El Staphylococcus epidermidis, tuvo 100% de resistencia a Oxacilina y 0% resistencia a Vancomicina. Urocultivos: Klebsiella pneumoniae 0% resistencia a Amikacina, Gentamicina y Nitrofurantoina. La Escherichia Coli, tuvo resistencia para Amikacina 1,96%, Nitrofurantoina 3,92%. Conclusiones: E, Coli, resistencia menor de 6,25% para Amikacina y Nitrofurantoina. La Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0% de resistencia para Amikacina y Gentamicina. Hemocultivos: Estafilococo epidermidis, cero resistencia a Vancomicina. El Staphylococcus hominis, resistencia menor de 12% para Vancomicina y Rifampicina.
Introduction:Antimicrobial resistance increases morbidity and mortality and is a serious problem in the world. to describe the antibiotic resistance of Objective:bacteria isolated in blood and urine cultures in hospitalized children under 15 years of age. Descriptive - retrospective study. Bacterial Material and Methods:identification was made with VITEK XL, antibiotic susceptibility with CLSI. Results:Bloodcultures:Staphylococcushominis12.5%resistanttoVancomycin. Staphylococcus epidermidis had 100% resistance to Oxacillin and 0% resistance to Vancomycin. Urine cultures: Klebsiella pneumoniae 0% resistance to Amikacin, Gentamicin and Nitrofurantoin. Escherichia Coli, had resistance to Amikacin 1.96%, Nitrofurantoin 3.92%. E, Coli, resistance less than 6.25% for Amikacin Conclusions:andNitrofurantoin.Klebsiellapneumoniae,0%resistanceforAmikacinand Gentamicin.Bloodcultures:Staphylococcusepidermidis,zeroresistanceto Vancomycin. Staphylococcus hominis, resistance less than 12% for Vancomycin and Rifampicin.
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Na procura por material alternativo no tratamento de feridas cutâneas, buscou-se com este estudo avaliar o comportamento da túnica vaginal canina conservada em glicerina a 98% como curativo biológico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas provocadas experimentalmente em ratos. Foram utilizados 16 ratos Wistar, nos quais foram induzidas experimentalmente duas lesões cutâneas na região dorsal, sendo uma cranial e a outra caudal. Uma ferida serviu de controle, a qual não recebeu tratamento, a outra recebeu a túnica vaginal recobrindo toda extensão da lesão. A seleção de qual das feridas, cranial ou caudal, iria receber a membrana foi feita de forma aleatória. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos de igual número para análises clínicas, macroscópicas e histológicas decorridos três, sete, 14 e 21 dias de pós-operatório. Na avaliação clínica e macroscópica pode-se observar que o processo de reparação teve evolução semelhante tanto no grupo controle quanto no grupo membrana. Na análise histopatológica foi constatada grande quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório nos períodos iniciais, no entanto, decorridos 21 dias, a epiderme já se encontrava reparada, e em todos os momentos foi observada maior presença de tecido conjuntivo no grupo membrana, sugerindo maior precocidade na cicatrização. Deste modo, concluiu-se que a túnica vaginal canina pode ser utilizada como nova alternativa no tratamento de feridas cutâneas.
In the search for alternative material in the treatment of cutaneous wounds, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of canine vaginal tunic conserved in glycerin 98% as a biological dressing in the treatment of cutaneous wounds provoked experimentally in rats. Sixteen animals were used in which two cutaneous lesions were caused in the dorsal region, one cranial and the other caudal. One wound served as a control which did not receive treatment, the other received the vaginal tunic covering all extension of the lesion. The selection of which of the wounds, cranial or caudal, would receive the membrane was made at random. The animals were divided into four groups of equal numbers for clinical, macroscopic, and histological analyzes after three, seven, 14 and 21 postoperative days. In the clinical and macroscopic evaluation, it can be observed that the healing process had similar evolution in both the control group and the membrane group. In the histopathological analysis, a large amount of inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the initial periods; however, after 21 days the epidermis was already healed, and at all times a greater presence of connective tissue was observed in the membrane group, suggesting a greater precocity in healing. Thus, it was concluded that the canine vaginal tunic can be used as a new alternative in the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Cicatrização , Glicerol , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Ratos Wistar/lesõesRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción. La resistencia antimicrobiana incrementa la morbimortalidad y es un problema serio en el mundo. Objetivo: Describir la resistencia antibiótica de bacterias aisladas en hemocultivos y Urocultivos en niños hospitalizados menores de 15 años. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo - retrospectivo. La identificación bacteriana se hizo con VITEK XL, la susceptibilidad antibiótica con el CLSI. Resultados: Hemocultivos: Staphylococcus hominis 12,5% resistente a la Vancomicina. El Staphylococcus epidermidis, tuvo 100% de resistencia a Oxacilina y 0% resistencia a Vancomicina. Urocultivos: Klebsiella pneumoniae 0% resistencia a Amikacina, Gentamicina y Nitrofurantoina. La Escherichia Coli, tuvo resistencia para Amikacina 1,96%, Nitrofurantoina 3,92%. Conclusiones: E, Coli, resistencia menor de 6,25% para Amikacina y Nitrofurantoina. La Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0% de resistencia para Amikacina y Gentamicina. Hemocultivos: Estafilococo epidermidis, cero resistencia a Vancomicina. El Staphylococcus hominis, resistencia menor de 12% para Vancomicina y Rifampicina.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance increases morbidity and mortality and is a serious problem in the world. Objective: to describe the antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated in blood and urine cultures in hospitalized children under 15 years of age. Material and Methods: Descriptive retrospective study. Bacterial identification was made with VITEK XL, antibiotic susceptibility with CLSI. Results: Blood cultures: Staphylococcus hominis 12.5% resistant to Vancomycin. Staphylococcus epidermidis had 100% resistance to Oxacillin and 0% resistance to Vancomycin. Urine cultures: Klebsiella pneumoniae 0% resistance to Amikacin, Gentamicin and Nitrofurantoin. Escherichia Coli, had resistance to Amikacin 1.96%, Nitrofurantoin 3.92%. Conclusions: E, Coli, resistance less than 6.25% for Amikacin and Nitrofurantoin. Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0% resistance for Amikacin and Gentamicin. Blood cultures: Staphylococcus epidermidis, zero resistance to Vancomycin. Staphylococcus hominis, resistance less than 12% for Vancomycin and Rifampicin.
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Na procura por material alternativo no tratamento de feridas cutâneas, buscou-se com este estudo avaliar o comportamento da túnica vaginal canina conservada em glicerina a 98% como curativo biológico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas provocadas experimentalmente em ratos. Foram utilizados 16 ratos Wistar, nos quais foram induzidas experimentalmente duas lesões cutâneas na região dorsal, sendo uma cranial e a outra caudal. Uma ferida serviu de controle, a qual não recebeu tratamento, a outra recebeu a túnica vaginal recobrindo toda extensão da lesão. A seleção de qual das feridas, cranial ou caudal, iria receber a membrana foi feita de forma aleatória. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos de igual número para análises clínicas, macroscópicas e histológicas decorridos três, sete, 14 e 21 dias de pós-operatório. Na avaliação clínica e macroscópica pode-se observar que o processo de reparação teve evolução semelhante tanto no grupo controle quanto no grupo membrana. Na análise histopatológica foi constatada grande quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório nos períodos iniciais, no entanto, decorridos 21 dias, a epiderme já se encontrava reparada, e em todos os momentos foi observada maior presença de tecido conjuntivo no grupo membrana, sugerindo maior precocidade na cicatrização. Deste modo, concluiu-se que a túnica vaginal canina pode ser utilizada como nova alternativa no tratamento de feridas cutâneas.
In the search for alternative material in the treatment of cutaneous wounds, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of canine vaginal tunic conserved in glycerin 98% as a biological dressing in the treatment of cutaneous wounds provoked experimentally in rats. Sixteen animals were used in which two cutaneous lesions were caused in the dorsal region, one cranial and the other caudal. One wound served as a control which did not receive treatment, the other received the vaginal tunic covering all extension of the lesion. The selection of which of the wounds, cranial or caudal, would receive the membrane was made at random. The animals were divided into four groups of equal numbers for clinical, macroscopic, and histological analyzes after three, seven, 14 and 21 postoperative days. In the clinical and macroscopic evaluation, it can be observed that the healing process had similar evolution in both the control group and the membrane group. In the histopathological analysis, a large amount of inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the initial periods; however, after 21 days the epidermis was already healed, and at all times a greater presence of connective tissue was observed in the membrane group, suggesting a greater precocity in healing. Thus, it was concluded that the canine vaginal tunic can be used as a new alternative in the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Curativos Biológicos/veterinária , Ratos Wistar/lesões , Ferimentos e Lesões/terapia , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Na procura por material alternativo no tratamento de feridas cutâneas, buscou-se com este estudo avaliar o comportamento da túnica vaginal canina conservada em glicerina a 98% como curativo biológico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas provocadas experimentalmente em ratos. Foram utilizados 16 ratos Wistar, nos quais foram induzidas experimentalmente duas lesões cutâneas na região dorsal, sendo uma cranial e a outra caudal. Uma ferida serviu de controle, a qual não recebeu tratamento, a outra recebeu a túnica vaginal recobrindo toda extensão da lesão. A seleção de qual das feridas, cranial ou caudal, iria receber a membrana foi feita de forma aleatória. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos de igual número para análises clínicas, macroscópicas e histológicas decorridos três, sete, 14 e 21 dias de pós-operatório. Na avaliação clínica e macroscópica pode-se observar que o processo de reparação teve evolução semelhante tanto no grupo controle quanto no grupo membrana. Na análise histopatológica foi constatada grande quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório nos períodos iniciais, no entanto, decorridos 21 dias, a epiderme já se encontrava reparada, e em todos os momentos foi observada maior presença de tecido conjuntivo no grupo membrana, sugerindo maior precocidade na cicatrização. Deste modo, concluiu-se que a túnica vaginal canina pode ser utilizada como nova alternativa no tratamento de feridas cutâneas.(AU)
In the search for alternative material in the treatment of cutaneous wounds, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of canine vaginal tunic conserved in glycerin 98% as a biological dressing in the treatment of cutaneous wounds provoked experimentally in rats. Sixteen animals were used in which two cutaneous lesions were caused in the dorsal region, one cranial and the other caudal. One wound served as a control which did not receive treatment, the other received the vaginal tunic covering all extension of the lesion. The selection of which of the wounds, cranial or caudal, would receive the membrane was made at random. The animals were divided into four groups of equal numbers for clinical, macroscopic, and histological analyzes after three, seven, 14 and 21 postoperative days. In the clinical and macroscopic evaluation, it can be observed that the healing process had similar evolution in both the control group and the membrane group. In the histopathological analysis, a large amount of inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the initial periods; however, after 21 days the epidermis was already healed, and at all times a greater presence of connective tissue was observed in the membrane group, suggesting a greater precocity in healing. Thus, it was concluded that the canine vaginal tunic can be used as a new alternative in the treatment of cutaneous wounds.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Ratos Wistar/lesões , Cicatrização , Glicerol , Materiais BiocompatíveisRESUMO
Objective To assess the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of patients diagnosed with severe knee osteoarthritis who underwent a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a mobile-bearing implant with a rotating platform and removing the posterior cruciate ligament. The present study focused on the outcomes relative to depression, pain, functional limitations, and fall episodes. Methods The Lequesne questionnaire was used to assess pain and functional limitations before and after TKA. In addition, the geriatric depression scale (GDS) was also used. Episodes of falls before and after the surgery were estimated. Results The mean Lequesne score before the surgery was 15.95, and that after surgery was 6.5. This finding was statistically significant ( p < 0.001). The mean GDS score before the surgery was 7.43, and that after TKA was 2.22 ( p < 0.001). The mean number of fall occurrences before the procedure, over a 1-year period, was 1.22, and that after TKA was 0.27 ( p = 0.004). A direct relationship was found between the Lequesne scores before the surgery and the GDS scores ( p = 0.004). Conclusions Total knee arthroplasty resulted in the improvement of pain and functional limitation, decrease or disappearance of the depressive condition, and decrease of fall rates in the evaluated patients.
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Abstract Objective To assess the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of patients diagnosed with severe knee osteoarthritis who underwent a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a mobile-bearing implant with a rotating platform and removing the posterior cruciate ligament. The present study focused on the outcomes relative to depression, pain, functional limitations, and fall episodes. Methods The Lequesne questionnaire was used to assess pain and functional limitations before and after TKA. In addition, the geriatric depression scale (GDS) was also used. Episodes of falls before and after the surgery were estimated. Results The mean Lequesne score before the surgery was 15.95, and that after surgery was 6.5. This finding was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean GDS score before the surgery was 7.43, and that after TKA was 2.22 (p < 0.001). The mean number of fall occurrences before the procedure, over a 1-year period, was 1.22, and that after TKA was 0.27 (p = 0.004). A direct relationship was found between the Lequesne scores before the surgery and the GDS scores (p = 0.004). Conclusions Total knee arthroplasty resulted in the improvement of pain and functional limitation, decrease or disappearance of the depressive condition, and decrease of fall rates in the evaluated patients.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados pré e pós-operatórios em relação à depressão, dor, limitações funcionais e episódios de queda em pacientes diagnosticados com osteoartrite (OA) grave do joelho submetidos a uma artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ), usando um implante móvel com uma plataforma rotativa e removendo o ligamento cruzado posterior. Métodos O questionário de Lequesne foi utilizado para avaliar a dor e as limitações funcionais antes e após a ATJ. Além disso, a escala de depressão geriátrica (EDG) também foi utilizada. Os episódios de quedas antes e após a cirurgia foram estimados. Resultados O escore médio de Lequesne antes da cirurgia foi de 15,95 e após a cirurgia foi de 6,5. Esse resultado foi estatisticamente significativo (p < 0,001). O escore médio da EDG antes da cirurgia foi de 7,43 e após a ATJ foi de 2,22 (p < 0,001). O número médio de ocorrências de queda antes do procedimento, em um período de 1 ano, foi de 1,22 e após a ATJ foi de 0,27 (p = 0,004). Foi encontrada uma relação direta entre os escores de Lequesne antes da cirurgia e os escores da EDG (p = 0,004). Conclusões A ATJ resultou em melhora da dor e limitação funcional, diminuição ou desaparecimento da condição depressiva e diminuição das taxas de queda nos pacientes avaliados.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Osteoartrite , Dor , Pós , Acidentes por Quedas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Ligamento Cruzado Posterior , Artroplastia do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho , DepressãoRESUMO
Introdução: A Doença de Parkinson compromete a mobilidade da caixa torácica, acarretando limitação progressiva da ventilação, devido ao padrão de flexão e rigidez e fraqueza muscular. A realidade virtual propicia interação em tempo real com atividades e ambientes tridimensionais. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da realidade virtual no recrutamento de fibras e forças musculares respiratória e postural em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Estudo clínico, piloto, prospectivo, com alocação por conveniência. Dez indivíduos foram selecionados e alocados em grupo estudo (GE n=5) constituídos por idosos com DP e grupo controle (GC n=5) formado por idosos na mesma faixa etária, sem condições clínicas neurológicas e respiratórias. As variáveis mensuradas foram: independência funcional, desempenho motor, força muscular respiratória, recrutamento de fibras musculares respiratórias e posturais, e qualidade de vida. Foram realizadas 16 sessões com realidade virtual. Resultados: As Pressões Inspiratória máxima (PImáx) e Expiratória máxima (PEmáx) melhoraram em alguns momentos da intervenção. O recrutamento de fibras musculares em esternocleidomastóideo diminuiu e o recrutamento de fibras musculares no diafragma aumentou. Conclusão: A PImáx e a PEmáx melhoraram em alguns momentos do tratamento, e houve diminuição do recrutamento de fibras musculares dos músculos respiratórios acessórios nos pacientes com DP. (AU)
Introduction: Parkinson's disease commits the mobility of the rib cage, causing progressive ventilation limitation due to bending and stiffness. Virtual reality provides real-time interaction with activities and three-dimensional environments. Objective: To evaluate the effect of virtual reality on the recruitment of muscle fibers and respiratory and postural muscle strength in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: Clinical, pilot, prospective study, with allocation by convenience. Ten individuals were selected and allocated to a study group (EG n = 5) consisting of elderly people with Parkinson and a control group (CG n = 5) formed by elderly people in the same age group, without neurological and respiratory conditions. The measured variables were functional independence, motor performance, respiratory muscle strength, recruitment of respiratory and postural muscle fibers, and quality of life. 16 sessions were held with virtual reality. Results: The maximum inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressures (MEP) improved in some moments of the intervention. The recruitment of muscle fibers in the sternocleidomastoid decreased and the recruitment of muscle fibers in the diaphragm increased. Conclusion: MIP and MEP improved in some moments of treatment, and there was a decrease in the recruitment of muscle fibers from accessory respiratory muscles in patients with PD. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Doença de Parkinson , Músculos Respiratórios , Terapia de Exposição à Realidade Virtual , PosturaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there is any difference on the results of patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ischemic heart failure (HF). METHODS: Databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. Main outcomes of interest were mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke. RESULTS: The search yielded 5,775 studies for inclusion. Of these, 20 articles were analyzed, and their data were extracted. The total number of patients included was 54,173, and those underwent CABG (N=29,075) or PCI (N=25098). The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality (HR 0.763; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.678-0.859; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 0.481; 95% CI 0.365-0.633; P<0.001), and repeat revascularization (HR 0.321; 95% CI 0.241-0.428; P<0.001) were lower in the CABG group than in the PCI group. The HR for stroke showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (random effect model: HR 0.879; 95% CI 0.625-1.237; P=0.459). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis found that CABG surgery remains the best option for patients with ischemic HF, without increase in the risk of stroke.
Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Insuficiência Cardíaca/cirurgia , Isquemia Miocárdica/cirurgia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/mortalidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Metanálise como Assunto , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidade , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Actinobacteria are known by their ability to produce several antimicrobial compounds of biotechnological interest. Thus, in this study, we isolated and identified by partial 16S RNA sequencing â¼100 actinobacteria isolates from guarana (Paullinia cupana) bulk soil. Besides, we isolated from the actinobacteria Streptomyces morookaense AM25 a novel cyclic peptide, named gloeosporiocide, molecular formula C44H48N11O7S3 (calculated 938.2901), and characterized by the presence of cyclized cysteins to form three thiazols. The novel compound had activity against the plant pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, assayed by the paper disk diffusion method (42.7% inhibition, 0.1 mg disk-1) and by the microdilution assay (1.25 g L-1). Our results reveal the potential of the actinobacteria from the Amazon rhizospheric soils as biocontrol agents as well as producers of new compounds with antifungal activity. Thus, this work constitutes a step forward in the development of the biotechnology of actinobacteria in the production of compounds of agronomic interest.
Assuntos
Antibiose , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Cíclicos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos Cíclicos/farmacologia , Microbiologia do Solo , Streptomyces/metabolismo , Antifúngicos/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Peptídeos Cíclicos/química , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
Abstract Objective: To evaluate whether there is any difference on the results of patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ischemic heart failure (HF). Methods: Databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. Main outcomes of interest were mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke. Results: The search yielded 5,775 studies for inclusion. Of these, 20 articles were analyzed, and their data were extracted. The total number of patients included was 54,173, and those underwent CABG (N=29,075) or PCI (N=25098). The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality (HR 0.763; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.678-0.859; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 0.481; 95% CI 0.365-0.633; P<0.001), and repeat revascularization (HR 0.321; 95% CI 0.241-0.428; P<0.001) were lower in the CABG group than in the PCI group. The HR for stroke showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (random effect model: HR 0.879; 95% CI 0.625-1.237; P=0.459). Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that CABG surgery remains the best option for patients with ischemic HF, without increase in the risk of stroke.