RESUMO
Objetivo: O traumatismo dentário é regularmente freqüente em pacientes atendidos por equipes de resgate em locais de acidentes e por equipes de emergência em hospitais. No entanto, esses profissionais recebem pouca ou nenhuma informação sobre como cuidar e atuar em casos de lesões traumáticas em tecidos duros e moles. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais das equipes de resgate e emergência (médicos, enfermeiros e paramédicos) sobre o atendimento do traumatismo dentário. Material e métodos: 196 profissionais das unidades de resgate e emergência receberam um questionário padronizado de 5 questões referentes ao atendimento do traumatismo dentário e preservação de tecido dentário avulsionado (um dente ou seu fragmento). Resultados: os resultados mostraram um alto nível de atendimento de pacientes de traumatismo dentário por paramédicos, enfermeiros e médicos, com conhecimento muito baixo sobre como lidar com esses casos, e com resultados moderados sobre o melhor meio para preservar o dente avulsionado, e as ações tomadas durante o processo de resgate. Conclusão: há uma alta ocorrência de casos de traumatismos dentários atendidos por equipes de resgate e emergência, com falta de conhecimento, o que sugere a necessidade de mais campanhas educativas para esses profissionais com acompanhamento a longo prazo. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Avulsão Dentária , Traumatismos DentáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Dental root cell proliferation following tooth avulsion has not been well researched. Understanding the effects of dry time and dentin treatment influences on cell proliferation is essential to provide evidence-based guidelines for tooth replantation. The study evaluated the viability of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) in contact with roots, submitted to surface treatments with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) at different times, including to quantify inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1ß and TNF-α expressed by PLF. The adhesion of fibroblasts to treated root surfaces was also evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and eight cementum discs from bovine teeth were randomly divided into groups according to time periods of being dry (n = 12) as follows: (i) fresh discs that were not kept dry, (WD); (ii) dry for 1 hour (1 hd); and (iii) dry for 24 hours (24 hd). The discs were subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 12) according to surface treatments: (iv) no treatment, (v) treatment with EDTA, (vi) treatment with HA. The discs were placed in 96-well plates, and PLF were seeded and kept in contact with the discs for 48 hours. Cell viability on the surface of the discs was assessed by XTT, and PLF adhesion was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Quantification of cytokines was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = .05). RESULTS: Surface treatment had a statistically significant effect on the cell viability in groups WD (P = .03), 1 hd (P = .01) and 24 hd (P = .048). PLF in contact with dried root surfaces expressed more cytokines without treatment with IL-6 decreasing the expression when treated with HA for 24 hours. SEM also showed adhesion of PLF to the surface of all discs at all time periods. CONCLUSION: EDTA + HA is an alternative treatment for cases of avulsed teeth as it promoted adhesion and increased viability of PLF.
RESUMO
The aims of this study were evaluate cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antimicrobial activity of desensitizing toothpastes compared to a common one and the surface roughness of tooth enamel submitted to brushing with these toothpastes. Samples of three desensitizing toothpastes (Colgate Sensitive, Sensodyne and Oral B Sensitive) and common toothpaste (Colgate) were placed in contact with gingival human fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity and genotoxocity were measured by MTT assay and micronucleus test. Antimicrobial activity of the toothpastes extracts against C. albicans, S. mutans and S. aureus were assessed. For surface roughness evaluation, bovine teeth were submitted to 10.000 brushing cycles. The results were analyzed statically using Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and Z tests (p<0.05). All toothpastes caused cytotoxic effect to the cells (p<0.05), except Colgate Sensitive. The toothpastes did not increase the number of micronuclei compared to the untreated control group. Colgate eliminated all the evaluated microorganisms at lower concentrations compared to Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, which were not able to eliminate S. aureus. Sensodyne did not reach the minimum microbicidal concentration. The surface roughness of tooth enamel increased after brushing with Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, however the comparison between groups showed no difference on the enamel surface roughness presented by desensitizing toothpastes when compared with the common one (p>0.05). Based on these results, we can conclude that although none toothpaste has induced genotoxicity, Colgate Sensitive was also not cytotoxic. Colgate was the most effective against the microorganisms, and there were no differences on the enamel surface roughness between the groups.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Sensibilidade da Dentina/microbiologia , Cremes Dentais , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Bovinos , Humanos , Testes de Mutagenicidade , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the biocompatibility of 5 and 10 µg/mL LL-37 in vitro and its effect on the differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into odontoblast-like cells. METHODS: Cell viability, genotoxicity, nitric oxide production, cell cycle, dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) production, and DSPP gene expression. RESULTS: Concentrations of 5 and 10 µg/mL of LL-37 were not cytotoxic and generally increased cell viability, especially on the third day (P < .05). The tested concentrations did not induce genotoxicity (P < .05). LL-37 did not significantly alter nitrite production at either concentration. Cell cycle analysis revealed that 10 µg/mL of LL-37 arrested cells in G0/G1 (P < .05). The control group exhibited higher numbers of cells in other phases of the cell cycle (P < .05). The expression of the DSPP protein and gene was also higher in the 10 µg/mL of LL-37 group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that LL-37 was biocompatible at these concentrations and increased the number of viable cells, especially during the initial period. The 10 µg/mL concentration arrested the cell cycle and increased expression of the DSPP protein and gene, which indicates that this peptide contributes to odontoblastic differentiation.
Assuntos
Catelicidinas/farmacologia , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Polpa Dentária/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco/citologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos , Células Cultivadas , HumanosRESUMO
Abstract The aims of this study were evaluate cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antimicrobial activity of desensitizing toothpastes compared to a common one and the surface roughness of tooth enamel submitted to brushing with these toothpastes. Samples of three desensitizing toothpastes (Colgate Sensitive, Sensodyne and Oral B Sensitive) and common toothpaste (Colgate) were placed in contact with gingival human fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity and genotoxocity were measured by MTT assay and micronucleus test. Antimicrobial activity of the toothpastes extracts against C. albicans, S. mutans and S. aureus were assessed. For surface roughness evaluation, bovine teeth were submitted to 10.000 brushing cycles. The results were analyzed statically using Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and Z tests (p<0.05). All toothpastes caused cytotoxic effect to the cells (p<0.05), except Colgate Sensitive. The toothpastes did not increase the number of micronuclei compared to the untreated control group. Colgate eliminated all the evaluated microorganisms at lower concentrations compared to Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, which were not able to eliminate S. aureus. Sensodyne did not reach the minimum microbicidal concentration. The surface roughness of tooth enamel increased after brushing with Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, however the comparison between groups showed no difference on the enamel surface roughness presented by desensitizing toothpastes when compared with the common one (p>0.05). Based on these results, we can conclude that although none toothpaste has induced genotoxicity, Colgate Sensitive was also not cytotoxic. Colgate was the most effective against the microorganisms, and there were no differences on the enamel surface roughness between the groups.
Resumo Os objetivos desse estudo foram avaliar a citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade, atividade antimicrobiana de dentifrícios dessensibilizantes em comparação com um comum e também a rugosidade superficial do esmalte dentário submetido à escovação com esses dentifrícios. Amostras de três dentifrícios dessensibilizantes (Colgate Sensitive, Sensodyne e Oral B Sensitive) e um dentifrício comum (Colgate) foram colocadas em contato com fibroblastos gengivais humanos e a citotoxicidade e genotoxidade foram mensuradas pelo ensaio MTT e teste do micronúcleo. A atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos dos dentifrícios contra C. albicans, S. mutans e S. aureus foi determinada. Para a avaliação da rugosidade superficial, espécimes de dentes bovinos foram submetidas à 10.000 ciclos de escovação. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente usando os testes Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA e Teste Z (P<0,05). Todos os dentifrícios causaram efeito citotóxico às células (P<0,05), exceto o Colgate Sensitive. Os dentifrícios não aumentaram o número de micronúcleos em comparação com o grupo não tratado. O Colgate foi capaz de eliminar todos os microorganismos avaliados em concentrações mais baixas em comparação com Colgate Sensitive e Oral B Sensitive, que não foram capazes de eliminar os S. aureus. O Sensodyne não atingiu a concentração microbicida mínima para qualquer microorganismo. A rugosidade superficial do esmalte dentário aumentou após a escovação com Colgate Sensitive e Oral B Sensitive, porém a comparação entre os grupos não mostrou diferença na rugosidade superficial do esmalte apresentada por dentifrícios dessensibilizantes quando comparados ao comum (p>0,05). Com base nesses resultados, podemos concluir que, embora nenhum dentifrício tenha induzido genotoxicidade, o Colgate Sensitive também não foi citotóxico. O Colgate foi o mais eficaz contra os microorganismos, e não houve diferença na rugosidade superficial do esmalte entre os grupos.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Bovinos , Cremes Dentais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Sensibilidade da Dentina/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Propriedades de Superfície , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Testes de MutagenicidadeRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the indicators of osteogenesis, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of an experimental beta tri-calcium phosphate (experimental ß-TCP) compared with two other bone substitutes: bovine hydroxyapatite (HA) (Bio-Oss® - Geistlich) and beta tri-calcium phosphate (ß-TCP - Bionnovation). The cell viability and genotoxicity were measured by MTT and MNT assay, respectively. The indicators of osteogenesis were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity, total protein content, and calcium deposition. The MTT and MNT assay showed that none of the tested materials was cytotoxic nor genotoxic. Concerning the indicators of osteogenesis, it was observed that cells in contact with all the materials were able to induce the osteogenesis and this process was influenced by the period of the cell culture in contact with bone substitutes. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that this experimental ß-TCP appears to be a promising material as a bone substitute.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os indicadores da osteogênese, citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade de um beta-tricálcio fosfato (ß-TCP experimental) comparado com dois outros substitutos ósseos : Hidroxiapatita Bovina (HA) (Bio-Oss® - Geistlich) e beta-tricálcio fosfato (ß-TCP - Bionnovation). A viabilidade celular e genotoxicidade foram mensuradas pelos ensaios MTT e MNT, respectivamente. Os indicadores da osteogênese foram analisados pela atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP), conteúdo de proteína total, e deposição de cálcio. Os ensaios MTT e MNT mostraram que nenhum dos materiais testados foi citotóxico ou genotóxico. Em relação aos indicadores da osteogênese, foi observado que as células em contato com todos os materiais foram capazes de induzir a osteogênese, e que esse processo foi influenciado pelo período da cultura celular em contato com os substitutos ósseos. Baseado nos resultados desse estudo, conclui-se que este ß-TCP experimental parece ser um material promissor para ser utilizado como substituto ósseo.
Assuntos
Bovinos , Osteogênese , Indicadores (Estatística) , Genotoxicidade , HidroxiapatitasRESUMO
Objetivo: O intuito deste estudo é avaliar a adesão de um cimento endodôntico (AH Plus) em canais radiculares após o uso de diferentes protocolos de EDTA 17% e o uso de medicação intracanal (ICM) à base de hidróxido de cálcio em veículo aquoso. Material e Métodos: Para isso, 72 dentes humanos unirradiculares foram instrumentadas até # 50 e divididos em seis grupos (n = 12). Grupo 1: EDTA por 3 min; Grupo 2: 3 mL de EDTA + 3 min de EDTA; Grupo 3: 3 ml de EDTA + 3 min de EDTA + 30 segundos de agitação ultra-sônica; Grupo 4: EDTA durante 3 min + ICM; Grupo 5: 3 ml de EDTA + 3 min de EDTA + ICM; Grupo 6: 3 ml de EDTA + 3 min de EDTA + 30 segundos de agitaçãosônica + ICM. Os canais radiculares foram preenchidos com cimento endodôntico após cada protocolo e, após 7 dias foram preparados para o teste de push-out. Os dados foram analisados utilizando ANOVA dois fatores (p < 0,05). Resultados: Não foi observado diferença estatística na resistência de união nos 3 diferentes protocolos de EDTA a 17%. No entanto, o uso de ICM aumentou significativamente a resistência de adesão. Conclusão: a medicação intracanal à base de hidróxido de cálcio melhorou a resistência de união do AH Plus às paredes dentinárias, independentemente do protocolo de EDTA. (AU)
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesion of an endodontic sealer (AHPlus) in root canals after the use of different protocols of 17% EDTA and the use of intracanal medication (ICM) based on calcium hydroxide in aqueous vehicle. Material and Methods: For this, 72 single-rooted human teeth were instrumented up to #50 and divided into six groups (n = 12). Group 1: EDTA for 3 min; Group 2: 3 mL of EDTA + 3 min of EDTA; Group 3: 3 mL of EDTA + 3 min of EDTA + 30 seconds of ultrasonic agitation; Group 4: EDTA for 3 min + ICM; Group 5: 3 mL of EDTA + 3 min of EDTA + ICM; Group 6: 3 mL of EDTA + 3 min of EDTA + 30 seconds of ultrasonic agitation + ICM. The root canals were filled with endodontic sealer after each protocol and after 7 days they were prepared to the push-out test. The data were analyzed using twoway ANOVA (p< 0.05). Results: It was observed no statistically difference in bond strength in the 3 different 17% EDTA protocols. However, the use of ICM increased significantly the resistance adhesion. Conclusion: Intracanal medication based on calcium hydroxide improved the bond strength of AHPlus to dentin walls, regardless of the EDTA protocol. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Hidróxido de Cálcio , Dentina , Ácido EdéticoRESUMO
This clinical study investigated and quantified cultivable bacteria and their levels of endotoxins in persistent endodontic infection, determining their antigenicity against macrophages and fibroblast cells by IL-1ß and TNF-α secretion and evaluating their relationship with clinical and radiographic features. Samples from the root canals were obtained after root filling removal. Culture techniques were used to determine the bacterial count and the endotoxins were determined by LAL-assay. PCR analysis (16S rDNA) was used for bacterial detection. Raw 264.5 macrophages and V79 fibroblast were stimulated with endodontic contents. ELISA assay measured the amounts of IL-1ß/TNF-?#61537; secretion. Bacteria and endotoxin medians were 1.24x105 CFU/mL and 9.62 EU/mL, respectively. Porphyromonas endodontalis was the most frequently detected species. Higher levels of endotoxins were found in teeth with pain on palpation (23.56 EU/mL) rather than in its absence (8.21 EU/mL). Larger areas of bone destruction were related to higher levels of endotoxins and IL-1ß and TNF-α secretion. The study findings revealed the presence of Gram-negative bacteria species in persistent endodontic infection, with their endotoxins related to both severity of bone destruction and development of symptomatology. Moreover, larger areas of bone destruction were related to higher levels of IL-1ß and TNF-α secreted by macrophages and fibroblast cells.
Assuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Periodontite Periapical/microbiologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , CamundongosRESUMO
Abstract This clinical study investigated and quantified cultivable bacteria and their levels of endotoxins in persistent endodontic infection, determining their antigenicity against macrophages and fibroblast cells by IL-1β and TNF-α secretion and evaluating their relationship with clinical and radiographic features. Samples from the root canals were obtained after root filling removal. Culture techniques were used to determine the bacterial count and the endotoxins were determined by LAL-assay. PCR analysis (16S rDNA) was used for bacterial detection. Raw 264.5 macrophages and V79 fibroblast were stimulated with endodontic contents. ELISA assay measured the amounts of IL-1ß/TNF-?#61537; secretion. Bacteria and endotoxin medians were 1.24x105 CFU/mL and 9.62 EU/mL, respectively. Porphyromonas endodontalis was the most frequently detected species. Higher levels of endotoxins were found in teeth with pain on palpation (23.56 EU/mL) rather than in its absence (8.21 EU/mL). Larger areas of bone destruction were related to higher levels of endotoxins and IL-1β and TNF-α secretion. The study findings revealed the presence of Gram-negative bacteria species in persistent endodontic infection, with their endotoxins related to both severity of bone destruction and development of symptomatology. Moreover, larger areas of bone destruction were related to higher levels of IL-1β and TNF-α secreted by macrophages and fibroblast cells.
Resumo Este estudo clínico investigou e quantificou bactérias cultiváveis e seus níveis de endotoxinas na infecção endodôntica persistente, determinando a sua antigenicidade contra macrófagos e células de fibroblastos através de IL-1β e TNF-α; e avaliando sua relação com características clínicas e radiográficas. As amostras dos canais radiculares foram obtidas após a desobturação. Técnicas de cultura foram utilizadas para determinar a contagem de bactérias e a quantificação de endotoxinas foram determinadas por ensaio de LAL. Análise por PCR (16S rDNA) foi utilizada para a detecção bacteriana. Células 264,5 macrófagos e fibroblastos V79 foram estimuladas com conteúdo endodôntico. IL-1β e TNF-α produzidas pelas células avaliadas foram medidas por ensaio de ELISA. As medianas de bactérias e endotoxinas foram 1,24x105 UFC/mL e 9,62 EU/mL, respectivamente. Porphyromonas endodontalis foi a espécie mais frequentemente detectada. Níveis mais elevados de endotoxinas foram encontrados em dentes com dor à palpação (23,56 EU/mL) quando comparado a sua ausência (8,21 EU/mL). Maiores áreas de destruição óssea foram relacionados com níveis mais elevados de endotoxinas e IL-1β e TNF-α. O estudo revelou presença de espécies de bactérias Gram-negativas em infecção endodôntica persistente, com níveis elevados de endotoxinas relacionados a maior destruição óssea periapical e presença de sintomatologia. Além disso, grandes áreas de destruição óssea foram relacionados com níveis mais elevados de IL-1β e TNF-α secretadas por macrófagos e fibroblastos.
Assuntos
Animais , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Periodontite Periapical/microbiologia , Linhagem Celular , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , CamundongosRESUMO
Dental treatment of pregnant women should be accomplished with safety. Consequently, the dental professional should evaluate its real need and risks for the mother and child. This paper reports through a literature review, the caution with the clinical dental procedures commonly performed and possible risks of the therapeutic agents used, allowing the dentist to evaluate the treatment and the drug to be administered to the pregnant women
O tratamento odontológico da gestante deve ser realizado com segurança, e para isto deve-se avaliar a real necessidade de sua execução e os riscos que o mesmo poderá trazer para a mãe e para o bebê. Este artigo relata, com base em uma revisão de literatura, os cuidados com os procedimentos clínicos comumente realizados no consultório odontológico e os possíveis riscos dos agentes terapêuticos utilizados, permitindo ao clínico avaliar o tratamento e a droga a serem administrados às gestantes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Consultórios Odontológicos/métodos , Preparações Farmacêuticas Odontológicas , Gestantes , TerapêuticaRESUMO
Objective: To evaluate coronal bacterial leakage comparing five endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Apexit Plus, Copaifera sp oil, EndoREZ and Polifil), and comparing root canals filled with EndoREZ sealer/ EndoREZ® Points and EndoREZ sealer/conventional gutta-percha points. Material & Methods: 84 human teeth were prepared and filled with gutta-percha points using the single cone technique. Roots were randomly divided into 6 groups: Apexit Plus, AH Plus, Copaifera sp oil, Polifil, EndoREZ, and EndoREZ/EndoREZ Points. After setting time, the roots were incorporated in a leakage model, which upper chamber contained a suspension of Streptococcus mutans, and lower chamber a broth. Leakage was assessed for turbidity in lower chamber for 60 days. Statistic analysis was performed using the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method (p<0.05). Results: All experimental groups presented leakage during the studys period. The medium time of leakage was: Apexit Plus and AH Plus 6.3 days, Polifil 5.1 days, Copaifera 1.2 days, and both EndoREZ groups infiltrated in the first day. Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference between the sealers Apexit Plus, AH Plus and Polifil, but they prevented leakage better than Copaifera sp oil and both EndoREZ groups. However, none of the tested sealers was capable of resisting coronal bacterial leakage for more than 22 days.
Objetivo: Avaliar a infiltração coronária microbiana de cinco cimentos endodônticos (AH Plus, Apexit Plus, Copaiba, EndoREZ and Polifil), e comparar canais obturados com cimento EndoREZ/ cones EndoREZ e canais com cimento EndoREZ/ cones de guta-percha. Material e Métodos: 84 raízes de dentes humanos uniradiculados tiveram seus canais preparados e obturados pela técnica do cone único. As raízes foram divididas em 6 grupos: Apexit Plus, AH Plus, Copaiba, Polifil, EndoREZ e EndoREZ/ cones EndoREZ. Após endurecimento dos cimentos, as raízes foram adaptadas a um modelo de infiltração, cuja câmara superior continha uma suspensão de Streptococcus mutans, e a inferior um meio de cultura, deixando a porção apical da raiz imersa. A infiltração foi verificada diariamente pelo turvamento na câmara inferior, por um período de 60 dias. Os dados foram avaliados pela análise estatística não paramétrica Kaplan-Meier (p<0,05). Resultados: Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram infiltração no período do experimento, contudo o tempo máximo foi de 22 dias. O tempo médio de infiltração foi: Apexit Plus 6,3 dias, AH Plus 6,3 dias, Polifil 5,1 dias, Copaiba 1,2 dias, e em ambos os grupos do cimento EndoREZ todos os espécimes infiltraram no primeiro dia. Conclusão: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os cimentos Apexit Plus, AH Plus e Polifil, mas estes apresentaram melhores resultados que Copaifera e ambos os grupos do EndoREZ. Porém, nenhum cimento foi capaz de impedir a infiltração coronária microbiana por mais de 22 dias.
Assuntos
Cimentos Dentários , Infiltração DentáriaRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glycolic propolis (PRO) and ginger (GIN) extracts, calcium hydroxide (CH), chlorhexidine (CLX) gel and their combinations as ICMs (ICMs) against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and endotoxins in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After 28 days of contamination with microorganisms, the canals were instrumented and then divided according to the ICM: CH+saline; CLX, CH+CLX, PRO, PRO+CH; GIN; GIN+CH; saline. The antimicrobial activity and quantification of endotoxins by the chromogenic test of Limulus amebocyte lysate were evaluated after contamination and instrumentation at 14 days of ICM application and 7 days after ICM removal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After analysis of results and application of the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests at 5% significance level, it was concluded that all ICMs were able to eliminate the microorganisms in the root canals and reduce their amount of endotoxins; however, CH was more effective in neutralizing endotoxins and less effective against C. albicans and E. faecalis, requiring the use of medication combinations to obtain higher success.
Assuntos
Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Endotoxinas/análise , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Própole/farmacologia , Zingiber officinale/química , Hidróxido de Cálcio/farmacologia , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Endotoxinas/química , Humanos , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to compare two endodontic preparation systems using micro-CT analysis. Twenty-four one-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. The samples (n = 12) of Group 1 were prepared using the ProTaper Universal rotary system, while Group 2 (n = 12) was prepared using the EndoEZE AET system complemented by manual apical preparation with K-type hand files up to #30. A 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution was used in both groups for irrigating. Both groups were scanned by high-resolution microcomputed tomography before and after preparation (SkyScan 1172, SkyScan, Kontich, Belgium). The root canal volume and surface area was measured before and after preparation, and the differences were calculated and analyzed for statistically significant differences using ANOVA complemented by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The results showed no statistically significant differences between the mean volumes of dentin removal by the two systems. However, the EndoEZE AET system presented a significantly greater mean surface area compared to the ProTaper system (p < 0.05). The EndoEZE AET system enabled preparation of a greater root canal surface area when compared to the ProTaper Universal system. There seemed to be no difference in dentin volume loss between the two systems used.
Assuntos
Humanos , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Cavidade Pulpar , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Ligas Dentárias , Dentina/química , Desenho de Equipamento , Níquel , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Aço Inoxidável , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Propriedades de Superfície , TitânioRESUMO
The aim of this study was to compare two endodontic preparation systems using micro-CT analysis. Twenty-four one-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. The samples (n = 12) of Group 1 were prepared using the ProTaper Universal rotary system, while Group 2 (n = 12) was prepared using the EndoEZE AET system complemented by manual apical preparation with K-type hand files up to #30. A 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution was used in both groups for irrigating. Both groups were scanned by high-resolution microcomputed tomography before and after preparation (SkyScan 1172, SkyScan, Kontich, Belgium). The root canal volume and surface area was measured before and after preparation, and the differences were calculated and analyzed for statistically significant differences using ANOVA complemented by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The results showed no statistically significant differences between the mean volumes of dentin removal by the two systems. However, the EndoEZE AET system presented a significantly greater mean surface area compared to the ProTaper system (p < 0.05). The EndoEZE AET system enabled preparation of a greater root canal surface area when compared to the ProTaper Universal system. There seemed to be no difference in dentin volume loss between the two systems used.
Assuntos
Instrumentos Odontológicos , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Ligas Dentárias , Dentina/química , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Níquel , Distribuição Aleatória , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Aço Inoxidável , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Propriedades de Superfície , TitânioRESUMO
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare several non-vital dental bleaching agents for their in vitro cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts primary cell line. Methods: The cells were cultivated in DMEM and were seed in plates of 96 wells; then, it was exposed to the conditioned medium according to the experimental groups (n = 12): G1 - SP (sodium perborate) + distilled water; G2 - SP + 20% CP (carbamide peroxide); G3 - 20% CP; G4 - SP + 35% HP (hydrogen peroxide); G5 - 35% HP. In the control group (n = 12), corresponded to the curve of cell growth and viability, the cells did not receive any treatment. Cell viability was measured photometrically using a MTT assay after a 24 h and 48 h of exposure period. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukeys tests. Results: All the experimental groups presented high cytotoxicity statically in comparison to the control group. The rank of the most to the least toxic material after 24 h was: SP + DW > 35% PH > PS + 20% PC > PS + 35% PH > 20% PC; and after 48 h was: SP + DW > PS + 20% PC > 35% PH > PS + 35% PH > 20% PC. Conclusion: All the bleaching agents had presented cytotoxicity effects, reducing significantly the cell viability, however, in the conditions that the study was conducted the association of sodium perborate with distilled water was the most toxic bleaching agent
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a citotoxicidade de agentes clareadores de uso interno em linhagem primária de fibroblastos humanos. Material e Método: As células foram cultivadas em meio DMEM e semeadas em placas de 96 poços. Em seguida, foram expostas aos meios de cultura condicionados de acordo com os grupos experimentais (n = 12): G1 - PS (perborato de sódio) + água destilada; G2 - PS + PC 20% (peróxido de carbamida); G3 - PC 20% ; G4 - PS + PH 35% (peróxido de hidrogênio); G5 - PH 35%. No grupo controle (n = 12), correspondente à curva de crescimento e viabilidade celular, as células não receberam nenhum tratamento. A viabilidade celular foi verificada por espectofotômetro utilizando o ensaio de MTT, após um período de 24 e 48 h de exposição aos agentes clareadores. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes de ANOVA e Tukey. Resultados: Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram alta citotoxicidade em relação ao grupo controle. O rank de citotoxicidade dos agestes clareadores após 24 h foi: PS + AD > PH 35% > PS + PC 20% > PS + PH 35% > PC 20% e após 48h foi: PS + AD > PS + PC 20%> 35% PH > PS +PH 35% > 20% PC. Conclusão: Todos os agentes clareadores apresentaram efeitos citotóxicos, reduzindo significativamente a viabilidade da celular. Entretanto, nas condições em que o estudo foi conduzido a associação do perborato de sódio com água destilada, foi o agente clareador mais tóxico
Assuntos
Fibroblastos , Clareamento DentalRESUMO
Introdução: a proposta desse estudo foi avaliar o índice de sucesso dos tratamentos endodônticos realizados por alunos de graduação da Universidade Estadual Paulista.Métodos: foram analisados 94 prontuários de 85 pacientes que receberam tratamento endodôntico. Todos os casos avaliados foram submetidos a tratamento padronizado com as mesmas soluções irrigadoras e uso de medicação intracanal. Os critérios adotados para caracterizar o quadro como bem sucedido foram: ausência de sintomatologia dolorosa,edema ou fístula, regressão total ou parcial de lesão radiográfica, bem como qualidade da obturação do sistema de canais radiculares. Os resultados foram submetidos ao teste Kappa para verificação da correlação entre tratamento,sucesso clínico e sucesso radiográfico. Resultados: de acordo com a avaliação clínica, o índice de sucesso foi de 89,36%, enquanto que radiograficamente esse índice foi de 88,29%. A análise estatística indica que houve concordância entre tratamento e sucesso em 79 (84,04%) de um total de 94 casos (p=0,14). Conclusão: os tratamentos de dentes com necrose pulpar realizados por alunos de graduação apresentaram um alto grau de sucesso clínico e radiográfico
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Avaliação Educacional , Endodontia , Estudantes de Odontologia , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study evaluated the dimensional alterations and the solubility of two experimental endodontic sealers based on Copaifera multijuga oil-resin (Biosealer) and castor oil bean cement (Poliquil), maintained in different storage solutions. Twenty specimens (3 mm diameter and 2 mm height) of each sealer were assigned to 2 groups (n=10) according to the storage solution: simulated tissue fluid (STF) or distilled water (DW). The specimens were stored in these solutions during 90 days, being removed every 30 days for weighting. The solutions were renewed every 15 days. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by Dunn's and Mann-Whitney tests (a=0.05). The solubility of Poliquil was higher in STF (38.4 ± 36.0) than in DW (28.4 ± 15.0), while Biosealer showed higher solubility in DW (34.61 ± 6.0) than in STF (18.59 ± 8.0). The storage solution influenced the behavior of sealers in relation to the weight variation (p=0.0001). Poliquil presented higher variation of weight independent of the solution (p=0.239). Biosealer also presented higher variation of weight regardless of the solution (p=0.0001). The solubility of Biosealer was different from that of Poliquil, but both sealers showed low solubility in STF. Under the tested conditions, neither of the materials were according to the ADA'S specification.
Assuntos
Cimentos Dentários/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Resinas Vegetais/química , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/química , Ricinus communis , Infiltração Dentária/prevenção & controle , Adaptação Marginal Dentária , Fabaceae , Teste de Materiais , Solubilidade , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Castor oil bean cement (COB) is a new material that has been used as an endodontic sealer, and is a candidate material for direct pulp capping. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new formulation of COB compared to calcium hydroxide cement (CH) and a control group without any material, in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The materials were prepared, packed into polyethylene tubes, and implanted in the rat dorsal subcutaneous tissue. Animals were sacrificed at the 7th and 50th days after implantation. A quantitative analysis of inflammatory cells was performed and data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. RESULTS: Comparing the mean number of inflammatory cells between the two experimental groups (COB and CH) and the control group, statistically significant difference (p=0.0001) was observed at 7 and 50 days. There were no significant differences (p=0.111) between tissue reaction to CH (382 inflammatory cells) and COB (330 inflammatory cells) after 7 days. After 50 days, significantly more inflammatory cells (p=0.02) were observed in the CH group (404 inflammatory cells) than in the COB group (177 inflammatory cells). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the COB cement induces less inflammatory response within long periods.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Hidróxido de Cálcio/farmacologia , Óleo de Rícino/farmacologia , Agentes de Capeamento da Polpa Dentária e Pulpectomia/farmacologia , Tela Subcutânea/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Contagem de Células , Tecido Conjuntivo/patologia , Eosinófilos/patologia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Inflamação/patologia , Linfócitos/patologia , Macrófagos/patologia , Masculino , Minerais/farmacologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/patologia , Plasmócitos/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Resinas Vegetais/farmacologia , Método Simples-Cego , Tela Subcutânea/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To quantify the amount of peroxide penetration from the pulp chamber to the external surface of teeth during the walking bleaching technique. METHODS: Seventy-two bovine lateral incisors were randomly divided over five experimental groups and one control (n = 12 per group): (1) 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP); (2) 35% carbamide peroxide (CP); (3) sodium perborate (SP); (4) (HP+SP); (5) (CP+SP) and (6) Control (CG), deionized water. All groups were treated according to the walking bleach technique. After 7 days at 37 degrees C in an acetate buffer solution, 100 microl violet leukocrystal coloring and 50 microl peroxidase was added, producing a blue stain that could be measured in a spectrophotometer and then converted into peroxide microg/ml. RESULTS: G5 exhibited the greatest penetration, while G2 and G3 produced the lowest values. All bleaching agents penetrated from the pulp chamber to the external root surface. There was a direct correlation between the presence of oxidative agents and penetration potential. Sodium perborate in distilled water was less oxidative and appeared to be the least aggressive bleaching agent.
Assuntos
Boratos/farmacocinética , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacocinética , Oxidantes/farmacologia , Peróxidos/farmacocinética , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Colo do Dente/metabolismo , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Animais , Boratos/administração & dosagem , Peróxido de Carbamida , Bovinos , Cemento Dentário/metabolismo , Permeabilidade do Esmalte Dentário , Permeabilidade da Dentina , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Combinação de Medicamentos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/administração & dosagem , Oxirredução , Peróxidos/administração & dosagem , Distribuição Aleatória , Dente não Vital , Ureia/administração & dosagem , Ureia/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate, by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), the cleaning of the root canal walls after instrumentation and irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel or liquid, combined or not with 17% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). STUDY DESIGN: Sixty single-root human teeth were subjected to standardized root canal instrumentation with different irrigants (n = 10): G1) NaOCl + CHX liquid; G2) NaOCl + CHX liquid + EDTA + saline solution; G3) NaOCl + CHX gel; G4) NaOCl + CHX gel + EDTA + saline solution; G5) saline solution; G6) saline solution + EDTA. After instrumentation, the teeth were prepared for SEM analysis (×500 and ×2,000) to evaluate the cleaning of the cervical, middle, and apical thirds. The area analyzed was quantified according to the percentage of open and closed tubules, and data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey tests (P = .05). RESULTS: The number of open tubules was highest in G4 in all root thirds, showing statistically significant difference from G1, G2, and G5 (P < .05). G1 presented higher quantity of closed tubules significant than G2. CONCLUSION: Irrigation with NaOCl and CHX gel followed by EDTA and saline solution produced greater cleaning of the root canal walls.