RESUMO
El método de Demirjian (MD) es el más ampliamente difundido para estimar la edad dental (ED). Con este método se han realizado numerosos estudios en diferentes grupos étnicos, analizándose niños europeos, asiáticos y norteamericanos entre otros. Estos resultados sugieren posibles diferencias en los patrones de maduración dental entre las diferentes poblaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la edad dentaria aplicando el MD en una muestra de 363 ortopantomografías de pacientes entre 5 y 15 años, obtenidas de un centro radiológico maxilofacial privado en Curicó, VII región, Chile. Se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación inter-clase (CCI), como medida de correlación entre edad dental y cronológica, de 0,974 (CCI 95% 0,9680,979). El CCI para niños fue de 0,972 (CCI 95% 0,963- 0,979) y en el caso de las niñas fue de 0,977 (CCI 95% 0,9690,983). En general, el método de Demirjian tendió a sobreestimar la edad en los niños y niñas. La ED observada fue mayor que la edad cronológica (EC) en 130 niños y en 138 niñas, resultó igual a la EC en 13 niños y 8 niñas, y fue menor que la EC en 38 niños y 33 niñas. En conclusión, nuestros resultados coinciden con hallazgos en numerosos lugares del mundo, es decir, la ED en este grupo se fue levemente mayor que la muestra original franco-canadiense. Sin embargo, el rango obtenido de la ED es similar al de la EC y el grado de correlación entre ambas es casi perfecto al aplicar el CCI. El grado de correlación entre ambas edades para cada sexo también es muy bueno. Por lo tanto, consideramos que el MD es aplicable a esta muestra de niños.
The Demirjian's method (DM) is the most widely used method for estimating dental age. A number of studies with this method have been performed in different ethnic groups, with European, Asian y North American children being analyzed among others. Possible differences in patterns of dental maturation among different population have been suggested. The aim of this study was to determine dental age with the DM in a sample of 363 panoramic radiographs from children 5-15 years old, obtained from a private radiological maxillofacial center in Curicó, Chile. An inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was obtained as a measure of correlation between dental and chronological age of 0.974 (ICC 95% 0.968-0.979). The ICC for boys was 0.972 (ICC 95% 0.963- 0.979) and 0.977 for girls (CCI 95% 0.969-0.983). In general, DM overestimated the age in girls and boys. Dental age (DA) was observed to be higher than chronological age (CA) in 130 boys and 138 girls; DA was equal to CA in 13 boys y 8 girls and lower than CE in 38 boys and 33 girls. In conclusion, our study concurs with several other studies in other places of the world, indeed the DA was found to be higher when compared to the original French-Canadian sample. However, the range obtained for DA is similar to CA and the degree of correlation between both is almost perfect when applying ICC. The degree of correlation between both ages for each sex was found as very good. Furthermore, we consider that DM can be applied to this sample of children.
RESUMO
The reaction of 16 alpha,17 alpha-epoxy-3 beta-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one with 6-methyl thiopurine activated with sodium hydride leads to the coupling of the purine base with the carbonyl group at C-20 to give a steroidal nucleoside analog, which is termed "nucleosteroid." In the presence of an excess of purine, a parallel reaction occurs in which the oxirane ring is opened, presumably by nucleophilic attack of an intermediate C-20 oxyanion, and yields as the main product of reaction an oligomeric mixture of nucleosteroid units linked together by ether linkages. Analogous reactions conducted with 3 beta-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one and with 3 beta,17 alpha-dihydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one gave minor amounts or only traces of the corresponding coupling adduct, and oligomerization did not occur. This behavior is interpreted in terms of the conformational differences showed by the different steroids to the attack by the purine.
Assuntos
Purinas/química , Esteroides/química , Acetilação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Mercaptopurina/análogos & derivados , Mercaptopurina/química , Estrutura Molecular , Pregnenos/químicaRESUMO
Despite the major advances of cancer chemotherapy during the past 40 years, host toxicities and drug resistance justify the need to continue the search for new antineoplastic agents. In the present work, we have studied the effect of six synthetic drugs on the in vitro growth of two murine mammary adenocarcinomas (M3 and MM3), as well as on normal embryonic cells. AI, MIC and MPI are purines coupled to a sulfonylated inositol, while DIC and DEI have nitrogen mustard as substituent. Methylsulfonylmucoinositol was the common substituent. Our results indicated that only drugs substituted with nitrogen mustards had an antiproliferative effect. DEI was more effective on tumor cells than on normal cells.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Inositol/análogos & derivados , Inositol/farmacologia , Purinas/farmacologia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Animais , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Embrião de Mamíferos , Epitélio/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio/patologia , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Metástase Neoplásica , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
The authors present the result of an investigation on the use of cement and bentonite in the treatment of pancreatic fistulas that coexisted with permeable duct and which has been closed by the local application of said elements.