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1.
Plant Dis ; 108(6): 1861-1868, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38319626

RESUMO

Strawberry phyllody has emerged as a prevalent disease affecting Chilean strawberry in recent years. The causal pathogen, 'Fragaria × ananassa' phyllody phytoplasma (StrPh), is categorized within the 16S ribosomal group XIII that is exclusively found in the Americas. In the context of economically significant crops, hemipteran insect vectors and alternative host plants play a pivotal role in their natural dissemination. This study comprehensively examined the key epidemiological facets of StrPh in the central region of Chile: the insect vector and alternative hosts. Through field surveys, we identified an abundance of an insect species, Cixiosoma sp., in an StrPh-infected strawberry field and confirmed its role as a vector of this phytoplasma through subsequent transmission assays. Moreover, we found a spontaneous weed species, Galega officinalis, to be infected with StrPh, raising the possibility of it being a potential alternative host plant for this phytoplasma. StrPh was also detected in cold-stored strawberry runners purchased from a nursery that supplies the local strawberry cultivation, suggesting a potential source of this phytoplasma in Chile. Collectively, these findings provide a significant epidemiological source of StrPh dissemination in central Chile.


Assuntos
Fragaria , Hemípteros , Insetos Vetores , Phytoplasma , Doenças das Plantas , Chile , Fragaria/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Produtos Agrícolas/microbiologia , Hemípteros/genética , Hemípteros/microbiologia
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1552159

RESUMO

La luxación periastragalina es un tipo de luxación infrecuente. Se clasifica según la relación del calcáneo con respecto al astrágalo, y las más comunes son las formas medial y lateral; y hay casos aislados de las variantes posterior y anterior. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una luxación periastragalina cerrada posterior sin fractura asociada, el video de la técnica para la reducción cerrada bajo anestesia y también una revisión bibliográfica de esta infrecuente variedad de luxación. Nivel de Evidencia: IV


Subtalar dislocation is a rare type of dislocation that is characterized based on the relationship of the calcaneus to the talus, with the medial and lateral forms being more prevalent and the posterior and anterior forms appearing only in isolated cases in the literature. We present the case of a patient with a closed posterior subtalar dislocation without an associated fracture, as documented clinically and radiologically. We also include a video of the technique for closed reduction under anesthesia, as well as a review of the existing literature on this rare type of dislocation. Level of Evidence: IV


Assuntos
Adulto , Tálus/lesões , Luxações Articulares
3.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 62(1): 39-45, mar. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342670

RESUMO

Los fragmentos posterolaterales (FPLs) en fracturas de platillo tibial son frecuentes, pero difíciles de reducir y estabilizar. Actualmente existe controversia sobre cómo deben ser abordados; si bien un abordaje anterolateral es más seguro, este puede ser insuficiente para lograr una correcta reducción. Los abordajes posterolaterales y posteriores ofrecen una visión directa y permiten una fijación con ventaja biomecánica; sin embargo, son más demandantes y exponen al paciente a una mayor morbilidad. A continuación, se presenta una nota técnica sobre la reducción y fijación de FPLs con una placa rim por medio de un abordaje anterolateral extendido a través del espacio paraligamento colateral lateral.


Posterolateral fragments (PLFs) are commonly seen in tibial plateau fractures, but their reduction and fixation are challenging. There is no consensus about the ideal approach to fix this particular fragment. Even though an anterolateral approach is a safe option, it may impair a correct reduction. The posterolateral and posterior approaches offer direct visualization of the fragment, and enable a fixation with a biomechanical advantage; however, they are more demanding and expose the patient to a higher risk if morbidity. The following technical note describes the reduction and fixation of PLFs with a rim plate through an extended anterolateral approach using the paralateral collateral ligament space.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Placas Ósseas , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fraturas da Tíbia/reabilitação , Ligamentos Colaterais , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/instrumentação
4.
J Orthop ; 22: 203-206, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32425418

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the laxity with the GNRB arthrometer in subjects with anterior cruciate ligament injury. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A diagnostic study was performed by three operators using the Genourob arthrometer, measuring the displacement of the anterior cruciate ligament. The concordance was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient mixed effects model, Lin correlation coefficient and graphic method from Bland-Altman. Using the anterior cruciate ligament tear as a dependent variable and the Genourob measurement as an independent variable, a logistic regression was determined. RESULTS: Obtaining the complete information of 157 knees. The measurements with the Genourob arthrometer distributed symmetrically, with mean ± standard deviation of knees with anterior cruciate ligament injury: 5.64 ± 1.72 and knees without anterior cruciate ligament injury: 3.29 ± 1.72. The ICCs as well as the LCCs were equal to or greater than 0.99. The BA showed discrepancy for a pair of observations no greater than 7.64%. The odds ratio of the knee displacement measurement for the presence of anterior cruciate ligament injury was 4.04 (95% CI: 2.59-6.32; p-value < .01) with a ROC area of 0.863 (95% CI: 0.789-0.9456). The cut-off point of the anteroposterior knee displacement located at 6.8 mm determined a sensitivity of 74.4% and specificity of 93.8%, with a Youden Index = 0.67. CONCLUSION: The Genourob arthrometer is reliable and valid to establish where laxity values correlate with total thickness tears of the anterior cruciate ligament.

5.
Am J Epidemiol ; 186(6): 648-658, 2017 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28486584

RESUMO

Comparability of population surveys across countries is key to appraising trends in population health. Achieving this requires deep understanding of the methods used in these surveys to examine the extent to which the measurements are comparable. In this study, we obtained detailed protocols of 8 nationally representative surveys from 2007-2013 from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, the United Kingdom (England and Scotland), and the United States-countries that that differ in economic and inequity indicators. Data were collected on sampling frame, sample selection procedures, recruitment, data collection methods, content of interview and examination modules, and measurement protocols. We also assessed their adherence to the World Health Organization's "STEPwise Approach to Surveillance" framework for population health surveys. The surveys, which included half a million participants, were highly comparable on sampling methodology, survey questions, and anthropometric measurements. Heterogeneity was found for physical activity questionnaires and biological samples collection. The common age range included by the surveys was adults aged 18-64 years. The methods used in these surveys were similar enough to enable comparative analyses of the data across the 7 countries. This comparability is crucial in assessing and comparing national and subgroup population health, and to assisting the transfer of research and policy knowledge across countries.


Assuntos
Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Pesquisa/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Chile , Colômbia , Inglaterra , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escócia , Estados Unidos , Adulto Jovem
10.
J Photochem Photobiol B ; 140: 8-13, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25063980

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency are common in the older and are associated with several conditions including anaemia, cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment and cancer. Evidence from in vitro studies suggests that solar radiation can degrade both vitamins in the skin. Chile is the longest country in the world running perfectly North-South making it an ideal place to study potential associations of latitude and solar radiation on vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to examine the association between vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies and latitude. METHODS: Plasma samples were collected from Chileans aged 65+ years (n=1013) living across the whole country and assayed for vitamin B12 and folic acid concentrations as part of the Chilean Health Survey 2009-2010, which is a national representative sample study. RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was 11.3%, with the prevalence in the North of the country being significantly greater than in the Central and South zones (19.1%,10.5%, and 5.7%, respectively; P<0.001). The prevalence of folic acid deficiency in the whole cohort was 0.7% with no difference between the 3 geographical zones. Using logistic regression analyses, vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly associated with geographical latitude (OR 0.910 [95% confidence intervals 0.890-0.940], P<0.001) and solar radiation (OR 1.203 [95% confidence intervals 1.119-1.294], P<<0.001). These associations persisted after adjustments for confounders (OR 0.930, P<0.001 and 1.198, P=0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In the Chilean population of 65+, the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with living closer to the Equator and solar radiation. Although degradation by solar radiation might explain this observation, further work is required to establish the potential mechanisms. In countries that routinely fortify food with folic acid, efforts to identify vitamin B12 deficiency might be more cost-efficiently targeted in areas closest to the Equator.


Assuntos
Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/epidemiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Chile , Estudos de Coortes , Demografia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Ácido Fólico/sangue , Deficiência de Ácido Fólico/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Ácido Fólico/patologia , Humanos , Luz , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Prevalência , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Vitamina B 12/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/patologia
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