RESUMO
Management programs and efficient techniques are necessary to recover degraded ecosystems. The sewage sludge is rich in nitrogen (N) and with the potential to fertilize Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapinales: Sapindaceae), used in the recovery of degraded areas; this can affect the insect fauna. The study's objective was to evaluate, for 24 months, the abundance of chewing insects, dipterans, pollinators, and predators on S. saponaria plants fertilized with or without dehydrated sewage sludge in a degraded area. The experimental design was completely randomized (with the same characteristics) with two treatments (with or without dehydrated sewage sludge) and 24 replicates, each with one plant. The abundance of Anastrepha sp. (Tephritidae), Cerotoma sp. (Chrysomelidae), Curculionidae, Musca domestica L. (Muscidae), Mantis religiosa L. (Mantodea: Mantidae), Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera), and Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae) was higher on fertilized plants. The abundances of Teudis sp. and Tmarus sp. (Thomisidae) and M. religiosa and Teudis sp. were positively correlated with chewing insects and Diptera, respectively. The population increase of insects and spiders on S. saponaria plants fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge (bigger crowns) has shown to be suitable for recovering degraded areas with a higher number of niches and better food quality, improving the ecological indices of the area.
Assuntos
Sapindaceae , Sapindus , Saponaria , Aranhas , Animais , Esgotos , Ecossistema , InsetosAssuntos
Animais , Pupa , Vespas , Borboletas , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Passiflora/parasitologiaRESUMO
Management programs and efficient techniques are necessary to recover degraded ecosystems. The sewage sludge is rich in nitrogen (N) and with the potential to fertilize Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapinales: Sapindaceae), used in the recovery of degraded areas; this can affect the insect fauna. The study's objective was to evaluate, for 24 months, the abundance of chewing insects, dipterans, pollinators, and predators on S. saponaria plants fertilized with or without dehydrated sewage sludge in a degraded area. The experimental design was completely randomized (with the same characteristics) with two treatments (with or without dehydrated sewage sludge) and 24 replicates, each with one plant. The abundance of Anastrepha sp. (Tephritidae), Cerotoma sp. (Chrysomelidae), Curculionidae, Musca domestica L. (Muscidae), Mantis religiosa L. (Mantodea: Mantidae), Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera), and Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae) was higher on fertilized plants. The abundances of Teudis sp. and Tmarus sp. (Thomisidae) and M. religiosa and Teudis sp. were positively correlated with chewing insects and Diptera, respectively. The population increase of insects and spiders on S. saponaria plants fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge (bigger crowns) has shown to be suitable for recovering degraded areas with a higher number of niches and better food quality, improving the ecological indices of the area.
A degradação de ecossistemas torna necessário programas de manejo e técnicas eficientes para recuperá-los. O lodo de esgoto é rico em nitrogênio e com potencial para adubar Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapinales: Sapindaceae), utilizada na recuperação de áreas degradadas, mas isto pode afetar a fauna de insetos. O objetivo foi avaliar, durante 24 meses, abundância de insetos mastigadores, dípteros, polinizadores e predadores em plantas de S. saponaria fertilizadas ou não com lodo de esgoto desidratado, em área degradada. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado com dois tratamentos (com ou sem lodo desidratado de esgoto) e 24 repetições, cada uma com uma planta. A abundância de Anastrepha sp. (Tephritidae), Cerotoma sp. (Chrysomelidae), Curculionidae, Musca domestica L. (Muscidae), Mantis religiosa L. (Mantodea: Mantidae), Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) e Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae) foi maior em plantas adubadas. A abundância de Teudis sp. e Tmarus sp. (Thomisidae) e M. religiosa e Teudis sp. foi, positivamente, correlacionada com as de insetos mastigadores e Diptera, respectivamente. O aumento populacional de insetos e aranhas em plantas de S. saponaria, adubada com lodo desidratado de esgoto (maiores copas), mostra ser adequado para a recuperação de áreas degradadas, tendo essas plantas um maior número de nichos e com alimento de melhor qualidade, melhorando os índices ecológicos na área.
Assuntos
Esgotos , Pragas da Agricultura , Sapindus/parasitologia , Insetos/classificaçãoAssuntos
Himenópteros , Ipomoea batatas , Lepidópteros , Animais , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , LarvaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression profiles of breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and acetyl-histone H3 (AcH3) in squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue (SCC-MT) and their correlation with epidemiologic data and the histopathological grade of tumors. STUDY DESIGN: Incisional biopsies of 43 SCC-MT were submitted to immunohistochemistry for AcH3 and BRCA1. Samples were microscopically graded as well differentiated (n = 21) or poorly differentiated (n = 22). Both groups were submitted to statistical analysis (P < .05) regarding the percentage of positive cells. RESULTS: Thirty-nine cases were positive for AcH3 (91%), but no difference was observed for the histologic grading (P = .27). Positivity for BRCA1 was observed in all samples regardless of their cellular locations. Most cases in the poorly differentiated group presented with less than 10% nuclear staining (P < .01) and a predominance of cytoplasmic staining (P = .034). The well-differentiated group showed nuclear staining in most of the cases, with more than 50% of cells staining positive (P < .01). CONCLUSION: AcH3 and BRCA1 were expressed in all samples. There was a significant decrease in cytoplasmic BRCA1 expression in the poorly differentiated group, suggesting BRCA1 as a possible prognostic marker for SCC-MT.