RESUMO
Physalis angulata L (Solanaceae) is a medicinal plant from North of Brazil, whose different extracts and infusions are commonly used in the popular medicine for the treatment of malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. However, the genotoxic effects of P. angulata on human cells is not well known. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic effects of aqueous extract of P. angulata using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes provided from 6 healthy donors. Treatments with P. angulata extracts were performed in vitro in order to access the extent of DNA damage. The comet assay has shown that treatments with P. angulata at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium were genotoxic. Lymphocytes treated with P. angulata at the concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronucleus (p<0.05), however, the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index (CBPI) was not decreased after P. angulata treatment. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the genotoxic effects of P. angulata extract on human lymphocytes in vitro.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Células Cultivadas , Ensaio Cometa , Linfócitos , Mutagênicos/farmacologia , Physalis/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Testes para MicronúcleosRESUMO
Physalis angulata L (Solanaceae) is a medicinal plant from North of Brazil, whose different extracts and infusions are commonly used in the popular medicine for the treatment of malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. However, the genotoxic effects of P. angulata on human cells is not well known. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic effects of aqueous extract of P. angulata using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes provided from 6 healthy donors. Treatments with P. angulata extracts were performed in vitro in order to access the extent of DNA damage. The comet assay has shown that treatments with P. angulata at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium were genotoxic. Lymphocytes treated with P. angulata at the concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronucleus (p<0.05), however, the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index (CBPI) was not decreased after P. angulata treatment. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the genotoxic effects of P. angulata extract on human lymphocytes in vitro.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Ensaio Cometa , Células Cultivadas , Linfócitos , Mutagênicos/farmacologia , Physalis/toxicidade , Testes para Micronúcleos , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidadeRESUMO
Very satisfactory results have been obtained with the treatment of sickle cell anaemia with hydroxyurea (HU), an antineoplastic drug. This is because it significantly increases the levels of foetal haemoglobin. Nevertheless, inadequate dosages or prolonged treatment with this pharmaceutical can provoke cytotoxicity or genotoxicity, increasing the risk of neoplasia. We monitored patients under treatment with HU for possible mutagenic effects, through cytogenetic tests (mitotic index and chromosome aberrations) for one year. Checking at two-month intervals, the cytotoxic effect was not evident. There was no evidence of genotoxicity under the conditions of our experiment. However individuals treated with HU should be constantly monitored, as an absence of genotoxicity could be transitory; the mitotic index should also be observed, as an indicator of cytotoxicity.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/tratamento farmacológico , Antidrepanocíticos/uso terapêutico , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Hidroxiureia/uso terapêutico , Índice Mitótico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia Falciforme/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de MutagenicidadeRESUMO
The Canova Method (CM) is a homeopathic medicine indicated for the treatment of patients with cancer and for pathologies that involve a depressed immune system, such as AIDS. This product is composed of homeopathic dilutions of Aconitum napellus, Arsenicum album (arsenic trioxide), Bryonia alba, Lachesis muta venom and Thuya occidentalis. It stimulates the immune system by activating macrophages. Activated macrophages stimulate the lymphocytes so that they increase their cytotoxic action in response to tumoral growth or infection. Given that the CM stimulates and accelerates the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes, we evaluated genotoxic effects induced in human lymphocytes treated with this homeopathic medication in vitro. Structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations were scored for the assessment of induced genotoxic effects, while the variation in mitotic index was considered as a monitor for induced cellular toxicity. The lymphocytes were cultivated for 24, 48 or 72 h in the following final concentrations of the medicinal composite CM: 4, 8 and 12. Treatments with the CM did not affect mitotic indexes, nor did they provoke chromosomal aberrations, when compared with untreated controls. There was no cytotoxicity or genotoxicity at the chromosomal level
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Homeopatia , Técnicas In Vitro , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Análise Citogenética , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Linfócitos/citologia , Índice Mitótico , Testes de MutagenicidadeRESUMO
Twelve breast fibroadenomas were analyzed cytogenetically and only four were found to have clonal alterations. The presence of chromosomal alterations in fibroadenomas must be the consequence of the proliferating process and must not be related to the etiology of this type of lesion. In contrast, the few fibroadenomas that exhibit chromosomal alterations are likely to be those presenting a risk of neoplastic transformation. Clonal numerical alterations involved chromosomes 8, 18, 19, and 21. Of the chromosomal alterations found in the present study, only monosomy of chromosomes 19 and 21 has been reported in breast fibroadenomas. The loss of chromosome 21 was the most frequent alteration found in our sample. The study of benign proliferations and their comparison with chromosome alterations in their malignant counterparts ought to result in a better understanding of the genes acting on cell proliferation alone, and of the genes that cause these cells to exhibit varied behaviors such as recurrences, spontaneous regression and fast growth
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Aberrações Cromossômicas/genética , Análise Citogenética , Fibroadenoma/genética , Seguimentos , CariotipagemRESUMO
Twelve breast fibroadenomas were analyzed cytogenetically and only four were found to have clonal alterations. The presence of chromosomal alterations in fibroadenomas must be the consequence of the proliferating process and must not be related to the etiology of this type of lesion. In contrast, the few fibroadenomas that exhibit chromosomal alterations are likely to be those presenting a risk of neoplastic transformation. Clonal numerical alterations involved chromosomes 8, 18, 19, and 21. Of the chromosomal alterations found in the present study, only monosomy of chromosomes 19 and 21 has been reported in breast fibroadenomas. The loss of chromosome 21 was the most frequent alteration found in our sample. The study of benign proliferations and their comparison with chromosome alterations in their malignant counterparts ought to result in a better understanding of the genes acting on cell proliferation alone, and of the genes that cause these cells to exhibit varied behaviors such as recurrences, spontaneous regression and fast growth.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Aberrações Cromossômicas/genética , Análise Citogenética , Fibroadenoma/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , CariotipagemRESUMO
Os autores relatam um caso de leucemia linfoblástica aguda (ALL) que no exame citogenético de células da medula óssea apresentou manomalias cromossômicas já descritas nesta condiçäo del(6)(q23); t(9;22)(q34;q11), ao lado das alteraçöes cromossômicas del(4)(p14) + 4ace e t(4;15)(p14;pter) ainda näo relatadas em ALL. Discutem a hipótese destas alteraçöes influenciarem na origem da malignidade, na pobre resposta ao tratamento e mau prognóstico observado no paciente pela possível ativaçäo de oncogenes em consequência das anomalias observadas