RESUMO
Resumen El síndrome de intestino irritable se caracteriza por la existencia de dolor abdominal relacionado con cambios en el ritmo evacuatorio. A pesar de los avances en el conocimiento de su fisiopatología y de la aparición de nuevas formas terapéuticas, los antiespasmódicos se han mantenido en el tiempo como una forma efectiva para el manejo de los síntomas de este síndrome, en especial para el dolor. Así pues, el propósito de esta revisión es la búsqueda de evidencia científica que soporte el uso de antiespasmódicos en el manejo de los síntomas del síndrome de intestino irritable.
Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome is a disorder characterized by abdominal pain related to changes in bowel movements. Despite the progress made in the knowledge of its pathophysiology and the emergence of new therapeutic forms, antispasmodics have remained over time as an effective way to treat symptoms, especially pain. The purpose of this review is to search for scientific evidence on the use of antispasmodics in the treatment of irritable bowel symptoms.
Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável , Dor , Dor AbdominalRESUMO
It is now well known that intestinal microbiota exerts not only several physiological functions, but has also been implied in the mechanisms of many conditions, both intestinal and extraintestinal. These advances, to the best of our knowledge, have been made possible by the development of new ways of studying gut flora. Metagenomics, the study of genetic material taken directly from environmental samples, avoiding individual culture, has become an excellent tool to study the human microbiota. Therefore, it has demonstrated an association between an altered intestinal microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome, perhaps the most extensively studied conditions associated with this particular subject. However, microbiota has a potential role in the development of other diseases; their manifestations are not confined to the intestine only. In this article, an extensive updated review is conducted on the role intestinal microbiota has in health and in different diseases. Focus is made on the following conditions: inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, hepatic encephalopathy, and obesity.