RESUMO
Entomelas duellmani n. sp. (Rhabditida: Rhabdiasidae) from the lungs and Skrjabinodon cortagoensis n. sp. (Oxyurida: Pharyngodonidae) from the intestines of Mesaspis monticola (Sauria: Anguidae) are described and illustrated. E. duellmani is the sixth species assigned to the genus and is the third species described from the Western Hemisphere. It is easily separated from other neotropical species in the genus by pre-equatorial position of its vulva. Skrjabinodon cartagoensis is the 24th species assigned to the genus and differs from other neotropical species in the genus by female tail morphology.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Lagartos/parasitologia , Nematoides/classificação , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Filogenia , Infecções por Rhabditida/veterinária , Animais , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Feminino , Helmintíase Animal/epidemiologia , Intestinos/parasitologia , Masculino , Nematoides/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Nematoides/epidemiologia , Infecções por Nematoides/parasitologia , Infecções por Rhabditida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rhabditida/parasitologia , Rhabditoidea/classificação , Rhabditoidea/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The helminth fauna of two sympatric congeneric skinks (Mabuya agilis and M. macrorhyncha) from two distinct "restinga" habitats (Praia das Neves and Grussaí) in southeastern Brazil were studied, totalling four data sets (sample sizes ranging from 11 to 28). A total of ten helminth species were associated with the skinks: Raillietiella sp., Paradistomum parvissimum, Pulchrosomoides elegans, Oochoristica ameivae, Hexametra boddaertii, Parapharyngodon sceleratus, Physalopteroides venancioi, Physaloptera sp., an unidentified acuariid nematode and an unidentified centrorhynchid acanthocephalan. Except for Hexametra boddaertii (found only in Grussaí) and Pulchrosomoides elegans (found only in Praia das Neves), all helminth species were present at both localities. Half of the helminth species were present only as larvae and, in most cases, appear to represent paratenic parasitism. Overall prevalences of infection were high for both host species in both localities. Mabuya agilis tended to have richer and more diverse infracommunities than M. macrorhyncha. Some parameters of infection by individual helminth species seem to be related to the ecology of each Mabuya species. The parasite faunas were qualitatively very similar among species and/or localities, but quantitative similarities were more varied, due to differential representativeness of individual helminth species among host populations. The helminth communities of both skink species can be classified as non-interactive, being composed of site-specialists and immature stages of non-lizard parasites.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintos/classificação , Lagartos/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ecossistema , Helmintíase Animal/epidemiologia , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , PrevalênciaRESUMO
The helminth fauna of the horned leaf frog, Proceratophrys appendiculata (Anura: Leptodactylidae), was studied from 17 adult individuals from an island in Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. A total of five nematode species (Aplectana delirae, Cosmocerca brasiliense, Schulzia travassosi, Rhabdias androgyna and Physaloptera sp.) and an unidentified cestode were recovered from the digestive tract, lungs and gall bladder of P. appendiculata and all the nematode species are new host records. Aplectana delirae had the highest values for the prevalence and intensity of infection and can thus be considered a core species in the helminth community of P. appendiculata. Aplectana crossodactyli Baker, 1980 is synonymized with Aplectana delirae (Fabio, 1971). The helminth fauna of P. appendiculata presents characteristics typical of those in amphibians.
Assuntos
Anuros/parasitologia , Helmintos/fisiologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Animais , Brasil , Sistema Digestório/parasitologia , Vesícula Biliar/parasitologia , Pulmão/parasitologiaRESUMO
Seventy-four specimens of Falcaustra lowei n. sp. were recovered from the intestines of 9 of 42 (21%) Tarahumara frogs. Rana tarahumarae, from Sonora, Mexico. F. lowei is the 14th Nearctic species to be described and belongs to that group of species possessing a pseudosucker, namely F. catesbeianae, F. chabaudi, F. chelydrae, F. mexicana, and F. wardi. The new species can be readily differentiated from these by the arrangement of caudal papillae and length of spicules. Priority description of F. affinis is established and F. concinnae is removed from synonymy with F. affinis. In addition to F. lowei, 3 species of Digenea, Glypthelmins quieta, Haematoloechus breviplexus, Langeronia macrocirra; 1 species of Eucestoda, Ophiotaenia magna; 7 species of Nematoda, F. inglisi, Foleyellides striatus, Oswaldocruzia pipiens, Rhabdias ranae, Subulascaris falcaustriformis, Physaloptera sp. (larvae): and 1 species of Acanthocephala, an unidentified oligacanthorhynchid cystacanth, were found.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Enteropatias Parasitárias/veterinária , Ranidae/parasitologia , Animais , Ecossistema , Feminino , Helmintos/anatomia & histologia , Helmintos/classificação , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , Intestinos/parasitologia , Masculino , MéxicoRESUMO
Specimens of Thubunaea dactyluris Karve, 1938 sensu Fabio and Rolas, 1974 from the lizard Ameiva ameiva of Brazil and types of Physalopteroides venancioi (Lent, Freitas, and Proença, 1946) from the toad Bufo paracnemis of Paraguay were re-examined. The male caudal papillae and the tooth arrangement demonstrated that these specimens were conspecific and are all assigned to P. venancioi. The occurrence of Physalopteroides dactyluris (Karve, 1938), a nematode parasite of lizards of India and Turkmenistan, is invalidated for Brazil.
Assuntos
Bufo bufo/parasitologia , Lagartos/parasitologia , Infecções por Spirurida/parasitologia , Espirurídios/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Paraguai , Espirurídios/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
From Hispaniola, an island in the West Indies, 6 species of anoles, Anolis cristatellus, Anolis etheridgei, Anolis eugenegrahami, Anolis hendersoni, Anolis monticola, and Anolis olssoni were examined for helminths. Helminths representing 2 species of trematodes, Mesocoelium monas and Urotrema scabridum; 1 species of cestode, Oochoristica maccoyi; 11 species of nematodes, Atractis scelopori, Oswaldocruzia lenteixeirai, Parapharyngodon cubensis, Skrjabinoptera leiocephalorum, Trichospirura teixeirai, Ascarops sp., Physocephalus sp., Porrocaecum sp., Rhabdias sp., Acuariidae gen. sp. and Cosmocercidae gen. sp.; and 1 species of acanthocephalan, Centrorhynchus sp., were found. Skrjabinoptera leiocephalorum, Ascarops sp., and Physocephalus sp. from A. cristatellus and all helminths recovered from the other 5 anole species represent new host records.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintos/classificação , Lagartos/parasitologia , Acantocéfalos/classificação , Acantocéfalos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Cestoides/classificação , Cestoides/isolamento & purificação , República Dominicana , Feminino , Haiti , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Nematoides/classificação , Nematoides/isolamento & purificação , Trematódeos/classificação , Trematódeos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Four hundred and fifteen Anolis acutus from St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands were examined for helminths. Three nematodes, Ascarops sp. (larvae), Parapharyngodon cubensis, and Spauligodon caymanensis, and 2 acanthocephalans, Centrorhynchus sp. and Oligacanthorhynchus sp. (cystacanths), were found. The highest prevalence (47%) and mean intensity (21.3) were recorded for S. caymanensis. Anolis acutus is a new host record for each of these helminth species.
Assuntos
Acantocéfalos/isolamento & purificação , Helmintíase Animal , Lagartos/parasitologia , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Animais , Feminino , Helmintíase/epidemiologia , Helmintíase/parasitologia , Masculino , Infecções por Nematoides/epidemiologia , Infecções por Nematoides/parasitologia , Ilhas Virgens Americanas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Examination of the stomach contents of 115 Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802, from Paraguay revealed the presence of the nematodes Brevimulticaecum baylisi (Travassos, 1933), Brevimulticaecum stekhoveni (Baylis, 1947), Contracaecum sp. of Railliet and Henry, 1912, Dujardinascaris paulista (Travassos, 1933), Eustrongylides sp. of Jagerskiold, 1909, Micropleura vazi Travassos, 1933, and Ortleppascaris alata (Baylis, 1947). Nematode prevalence was 28%; greatest species prevalence (14%) was found for B. baylisi. Greatest mean intensity, 25.4, was for Contracaecum sp. All occurrences are new host and distribution records.