RESUMO
Large areas in the Pantanal wetland are covered by monodominant formations, e.g. typical landscapes with local names such as "paratudal", dominated by T. aurea. Studies on structure of these formations generally include only woody strata, consequently the species richness registered is usually low due to the absence of the 'ground layer' of herbaceous and others low species. We recorded 13 species, 12 genera and 11 families for the arboreal stratum. Considering arboreal flora without the dominant (T. aurea) individuals showed great establishment in relation to the flood level between 35 - 45 cm while the individuals of the dominant species of 30 - 45 cm. The diameter distribution revealed that the population of T. aurea did not show the reverse J curve, the usual pattern for species in constant regeneration, also evidenced in inconstant Licourt quotient, indicating an episodic recruitment that could lead to future changes in structure. In the herbaceous strata we recorded 78 species, included in 62 genera and 27 families. Using plots method we sampled 46 species, 40 genera and 22 families, while in line interception we found 65 species distributed in 57 genera and 26 families. The floristic similarity of Sørensen between both methods was 59.4%, with 33 species in common, and the method of line interception was more efficient in detecting richness, with 35% more species found in the same time. According to the methods of plots and line interception applied on the woody stratum, our results gave similar detailed information on the structure of this type of savanna, and in spite of being monodominant it shows high species richness when the herbaceous stratum is taken into account. Plots and line interception methods showed similar results for the woody stratum and high species richness of the herbaceous stratum.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Tabebuia/classificação , Árvores/classificação , Áreas Alagadas , Brasil , Densidade Demográfica , Estações do Ano , Clima TropicalRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess feelings of powerlessness in patients with venous leg ulcers. METHOD: An exploratory, descriptive, analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Plastic Surgery Outpatient Clinic of the São Paulo Hospital (HSP) and at the Outpatient Wound-Care Clinic of the Sorocaba Hospital Complex (CHS), Brazil, from May 2010 to April 2012. Sixty patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs), of both sexes, aged greater than or equal to 18 years, from the two outpatient wound-care clinics were selected to participate in the study. All participants responded to the Powerlessness Assessment Tool (PAT) for adult patients. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: Forty-four (73%) patients were women and 38 (63%) were aged 61-70 years. Eight (13%) patients were alcoholics and 46 (77%) were smokers. Thirty-two (53%) patients had a VLU for more than 10 years; the ulcer area ranged from 11-20 cm2 in 19 (32%) patients and was >30 cm2 in 18 (30%) patients. Mean total PAT score was 47.83 ± 7.99 and ranged from 51-60 for 31 (52%) patients and from 41-50 for 19 (32%) patients. CONCLUSION: Most patients with venous leg ulcers reported high PAT scores, revealing the presence of strong feelings of powerlessness. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Assuntos
Emoções , Poder Psicológico , Qualidade de Vida , Úlcera Varicosa/psicologia , Idoso , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade sanitária de 50 lotes comerciais de sementes de braquiária, produzidos em diferentes regiões nas safras de 2004-2005 e 2005-2006. Sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu e Xaraés, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, B. humidicola cv. Humidicola e B. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, destinadas ao comércio interno, foram submetidas ao teste de sanidade pelo método de papel de filtro. Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a sanidade de sementes de 'Marandu' (2 lotes) e 'Basilisk' (1 lote) destinadas à exportação. As sementes foram distribuídas sobre papel de filtro acondicionado em gerbox e incubadas a 20º C, com fotoperíodo de 12h, durante sete dias. Os fungos secundários ou de armazenamento (FSA) mais frequentemente detectados nos lotes de braquiária foram Aspergillus sp. e Rhizopus sp. Quanto aos fungos potencialmente patogênicos (FP), constatou-se elevada frequência dos gêneros Bipolaris. Curvularia. Fusarium e Phoma. Em geral, foi elevada a incidência de Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp. nas sementes. A ocorrência de Phoma sp. foi crítica, pois 42% dos lotes registraram índices superiores a 70%. Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp. também foram associados às sementes de braquiária tipo exportação, em alguns casos, com incidência considerável. Os resultados revelaram que as sementes comerciais de braquiária apresentam baixa qualidade sanitária e que, em todas as regiões produtoras, existe pelo menos um fator afetando a sanidade dessas sementes.
This work aimed to evaluate the sanitary quality of 50 commercial lots of seeds of braquiaria grass, produced in different regions in the crop of 20042005 and 20052006. The lots consisted of seeds of the cultivars Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and Xaraes, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, B. humidicola cv. Humidicola and B. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. Additionally, seeds of 'Marandu' (2 lots) and 'Basilisk' (1 lot) for exportation were analyzed. The blotter test was used, at 20º C under alternating light and darkness in a 12h photoperiod, for 7 days. Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. were the secondary or storage fungi with greatest frequency in lots of seeds. High frequency of potential pathogenic fungi, specifically of the Bipolaris. Curvularia. Fusarium and Phoma genera, was observed. In general, there was a high incidence of Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. and Phoma sp. in braquiaria grass seeds. The occurrence of Phoma sp. was severe, because 42% of the lots showed incidence superior to 70%. Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. and Phoma sp. were associated to braquiaria grass seeds for exportation, in some cases, with significant incidence. The results evidenced the low sanitary quality of commercial seeds of braquiaria grass, and demonstrated that in all producer regions there is at least one factor affecting the sanitary quality of these seeds.
Assuntos
Sementes/microbiologia , Brachiaria , Inocuidade dos Alimentos , FungosRESUMO
ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the sanitary quality of 50 commercial lots of seeds of braquiaria grass, produced in different regions in the crop of 20042005 and 20052006. The lots consisted of seeds of the cultivars Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and Xaraes, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, B. humidicola cv. Humidicola and B. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. Additionally, seeds of Marandu (2 lots) and Basilisk (1 lot) for exportation were analyzed. The blotter test was used, at 20º C under alternating light and darkness in a 12h photoperiod, for 7 days. Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. were the secondary or storage fungi with greatest frequency in lots of seeds. High frequency of potential pathogenic fungi, specifically of the Bipolaris. Curvularia. Fusarium and Phoma genera, was observed. In general, there was a high incidence of Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. and Phoma sp. in braquiaria grass seeds. The occurrence of Phoma sp. was severe, because 42% of the lots showed incidence superior to 70%. Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. and Phoma sp. were associated to braquiaria grass seeds for exportation, in some cases, with significant incidence. The results evidenced the low sanitary quality of commercial seeds of braquiaria grass, and demonstrated that in all producer regions there is at least one factor affecting the sanitary quality of these seeds.
RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade sanitária de 50 lotes comerciais de sementes de braquiária, produzidos em diferentes regiões nas safras de 2004-2005 e 2005-2006. Sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu e Xaraés, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, B. humidicola cv. Humidicola e B. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, destinadas ao comércio interno, foram submetidas ao teste de sanidade pelo método de papel de filtro. Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a sanidade de sementes de Marandu (2 lotes) e Basilisk (1 lote) destinadas à exportação. As sementes foram distribuídas sobre papel de filtro acondicionado em gerbox e incubadas a 20º C, com fotoperíodo de 12h, durante sete dias. Os fungos secundários ou de armazenamento (FSA) mais frequentemente detectados nos lotes de braquiária foram Aspergillus sp. e Rhizopus sp. Quanto aos fungos potencialmente patogênicos (FP), constatou-se elevada frequência dos gêneros Bipolaris. Curvularia. Fusarium e Phoma. Em geral, foi elevada a incidência de Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp. nas sementes. A ocorrência de Phoma sp. foi crítica, pois 42% dos lotes registraram índices superiores a 70%. Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp. também foram associados às sementes de braquiária tipo exportação, em alguns casos, com incidência considerável. Os resultados revelaram que as sementes comerciais de braquiária apresentam baixa qualidade sanitária e que, em todas as regiões produtoras, existe pelo menos um fator afetando a sanidade dessas sementes.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori eradication in family members of gastric cancer patients is now widely accepted, although problems related to costs and compliance persist. AIM: To compare the efficacy, tolerability and long-term re-infection rates of two once-daily regimens for the eradication of H. pylori in family members of gastric cancer patients. METHODS: 106 first-degree family members of gastric cancer patients were recruited and submitted to the 13C-urea breath test (UBT) to detect H. pylori. If positive, they were randomly allocated to receive a combination of lanzoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin OD (extended-release formulation) 500 mg and furazolidone 400 mg, once daily, in the morning, for 7 days (Group A) or the same regimen with only 200 mg furazolidone (Group B). Eradication was confirmed by urea breath test performed 6 weeks after treatment. 13C-urea breath test was repeated at 944 (784-1258) days after treatment in successfully treated participants to look for re-infection. RESULTS: Twenty-five participants were H. pylori negative and two H. pylori-positive individuals refused to sign the informed consent and were excluded. Therefore, 79 participants were studied. Forty participants were allocated to Group A and 39 to Group B. All participants completed treatment. Adverse effects, mostly mild, were observed in 18% of Group A and 18% of Group B (N.S.). The intention-to-treat eradication rate was 87.5% in Group A and 61.5% in Group B (P = 0.006). The mean annual re-infection rate was 3%. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of lanzoprazole 30 mg, one tablet of clarithromycin OD (extended release formulation) 500 mg and furazolidone 400 mg, once daily for 7 days, constitutes an inexpensive, safe and effective alternative for anti-H. pylori therapy in family members of gastric cancer patients.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas , 2-Piridinilmetilsulfinilbenzimidazóis , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/administração & dosagem , Claritromicina/administração & dosagem , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Quimioterapia Combinada , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Seguimentos , Furazolidona/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lansoprazol , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Omeprazol/administração & dosagem , Omeprazol/análogos & derivados , Comprimidos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The usual drug used in the Wada test is amobarbital, but it is not available in Brazil. Propofol was already used by Bazin et al. in 1998, and in their report the test resulted good in the absence of any adverse effect. We report the use of propofol as the anesthetic for the Wada test. The test was carried out in a 26 years old woman with temporal medial lobe epilepsy refractory to medical treatment. Language functions and memory were tested after injection in both hemispheres by three procedures (Seattle, Montreal and Interview procedures). Propofol showed to be good to carry on the Wada test.
Assuntos
Anestésicos Intravenosos , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/cirurgia , Testes de Linguagem , Memória/fisiologia , Propofol , Adulto , Feminino , Lateralidade Funcional , Humanos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodosRESUMO
The aim of this work was to compare the performance of isotope-selective non-dispersive infrared spectrometry (IRIS) for the 13C-urea breath test with the combination of the 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT), urease test and histologic examination for the diagnosis of H. pylori (HP) infection. Fifty-three duodenal ulcer patients were studied. All patients were submitted to gastroscopy to detect HP by the urease test, histologic examination and 14C-UBT. To be included in the study the results of the 3 tests had to be concordant. Within one month after admission to the study the patients were submitted to IRIS with breath samples collected before and 30 min after the ingestion of 75 mg 13C-urea dissolved in 200 ml of orange juice. The samples were mailed and analyzed 11.5 (4-21) days after collection. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square and Mann-Whitney test and by the Spearman correlation coefficient. Twenty-six patients were HP positive and 27 negative. There was 100% agreement between the IRIS results and the HP status determined by the other three methods. Using a cutoff value of delta-over-baseline (DOB) above 4.0 the IRIS showed a mean value of 19.38 (minimum = 4.2, maximum = 41.3, SD = 10.9) for HP-positive patients and a mean value of 0.88 (minimum = 0.10, maximum = 2.5, SD = 0.71) for negative patients. Using a cutoff value corresponding to 0.800% CO2/weight (kg), the 14C-UBT showed a mean value of 2.78 (minimum = 0.89, maximum = 5.22, SD = 1.18) in HP-positive patients. HP-negative patients showed a mean value of 0.37 (minimum = 0.13, maximum = 0.77, SD = 0.17). IRIS is a low-cost, easy to manage, highly sensitive and specific test for H. pylori detection. Storing and mailing the samples did not interfere with the performance of the test.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Helicobacter pylori , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho/métodos , Ureia , Adulto , Testes Respiratórios/métodos , Isótopos de Carbono , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Úlcera Duodenal/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The aim of this work was to compare the performance of isotope-selective non-dispersive infrared spectrometry (IRIS) for the 13C-urea breath test with the combination of the 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT), urease test and histologic examination for the diagnosis of H. pylori (HP) infection. Fifty-three duodenal ulcer patients were studied. All patients were submitted to gastroscopy to detect HP by the urease test, histologic examination and 14C-UBT. To be included in the study the results of the 3 tests had to be concordant. Within one month after admission to the study the patients were submitted to IRIS with breath samples collected before and 30 min after the ingestion of 75 mg 13C-urea dissolved in 200 ml of orange juice. The samples were mailed and analyzed 11.5 (4-21) days after collection. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square and Mann-Whitney test and by the Spearman correlation coefficient. Twenty-six patients were HP positive and 27 negative. There was 100 per cent agreement between the IRIS results and the HP status determined by the other three methods. Using a cutoff value of delta-over-baseline (DOB) above 4.0 the IRIS showed a mean value of 19.38 (minimum = 4.2, maximum = 41.3, SD = 10.9) for HP-positive patients and a mean value of 0.88 (minimum = 0.10, maximum = 2.5, SD = 0.71) for negative patients. Using a cutoff value corresponding to 0.800 per cent CO2/weight (kg), the 14C-UBT showed a mean value of 2.78 (minimum = 0.89, maximum = 5.22, SD = 1.18) in HP-positive patients. HP-negative patients showed a mean value of 0.37 (minimum = 0.13, maximum = 0.77, SD = 0.17). IRIS is a low-cost, easy to manage, highly sensitive and specific test for H. pylori detection. Storing and mailing the samples did not interfere with the performance of the test.