RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of Kinect Adventures games versus conventional physiotherapy to improve postural control (PC), gait, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognition of the elderly. In addition, we evaluated the safety, acceptability, and adherence to the interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a randomized clinical trial in which 46 elderly individuals were selected, mean age 69.3 (5.34) years. Participants were allocated to the Kinect Adventures Training Group (KATG) or the Conventional Physical Therapy Group (CPTG), 23 individuals in each group. Participants of both groups participated in 14 training sessions lasting 1 hour each, twice a week. The KATG practiced four Kinect Adventures games. The CPTG participated in conventional physiotherapy. The primary outcome was PC: Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), and secondary outcomes were gait: Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), cardiorespiratory fitness: Six-minute step test (6MST), and cognition: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Acceptability was assessed through a questionnaire created by the researchers themselves. Adherence was assessed by the "frequency of the number of elderly individuals who completed the interventions and safety through the presence of adverse effects." Participants were assessed immediately pre- and posttreatment and fourth week after the end of the treatment. Statistical analysis was done through repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS: Both groups presented a significant improvement in the PC (Mini-BEST), gait (FGA), and cognition (MoCA) posttreatment that was maintained at fourth week after treatment (post hoc Tukey test; P < 0.05). Regarding cardiorespiratory fitness (6MST), the KATG presented improvement posttreatment and maintenance of the results in the fourth week after treatment. CPTG showed improvement only in fourth week after treatment (post hoc Tukey tests; P < 0.05). Regarding the acceptability, the questionnaire showed that both groups were satisfied with regard to the proposed interventions. There was 91% adherence in both training sessions. Regarding the safety, 34% and 26% of the individuals of the KATG and CPTG, respectively, presented adverse effects of delayed muscle pain in the lower limbs after the first session only. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences between the KATG and CPTG; both interventions provided positive effects on PC, gait, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognition of the elderly.
Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/normas , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/normas , Jogos de Vídeo/normas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória/fisiologia , Cognição , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Feminino , Marcha/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologiaRESUMO
A atuação conjunta de profissionais de saúde das mais variadas áreas promove a prática colaborativa na prestação de serviços, com base na integralidade do sistema, envolvendo pacientes e suas famílias, cuidadores e comunidades, em trabalhos clínicos ou não clínicos que visem promoção e educação em saúde em todos os níveis da rede de serviços1. Embora essencial, o trabalho interprofissional na área de saúde ainda é pouco explorado durante a graduação em áreas da saúde, entretanto, existem atividades de Extensão Universitária, que promovem a interação entre as mais variadas áreas de Saúde. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar: a atuação de estudantes de seis diferentes cursos de saúde, no projeto Jornada Universitária da Saúde (JUS) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), no desenvolvimento e execução de atividade de intervenção interprofissional com intuito de promoção e educação em Saúde para gestantes e mães de crianças com até um ano de idade, na cidade de Barra do Chapéu, interior paulista, no ano de 2012, bem como a repercussão de atividades interdisciplinares, como esta, para a formação universitária destes futuros profissionais.
The framework of healthcare professionals from the most diverse areas promotes collaborative practice in provision of services based on the integrality of the health system, involving patients and their families, caretakers and communities in clinical or non-clinical work which aim promotion and health education in all health services networks1. Although essential, interprofessional work in health care is still little explored during health area degrees; however, there are extra-curricular activities that promote the interaction between the different areas of heath care. The purpose of this study was to analyze: the performance of students from six different health-care areas of study in the project "Jornada Universitária da Saúde" (JUS - University Journey of Health) of the University of São Paulo (USP), in the development and execution of interprofessional interventions with the intention of health promotion and education for pregnant women and mother of children up to one year old, in the city of Barra do Chapéu, countryside of São Paulo, in the year of 2012, as well as the repercussion of interdisciplinary activities, like this one, for the upper level education of these future professionals.