RESUMO
Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the QoL of patients undergoing heart valve replacement using the SF-36 questionnaire, compare it between patients with mechanical prosthesis and patients with bioprosthesis, and correlate the results with sociodemographic variables. Objective: To assess the QoL of patients undergoing heart valve replacement and compare it between patients with bioprosthetic valves and patients with mechanical prosthetic valves. Methods: We included 36 consecutive patients (16 men) with a mean age of 51 years and six months, who underwent mitral or aortic valve replacement from September 2007 to December 2011. The study was conducted between March and May 2012 and involved the application of the SF-36 survey and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Statistical tests were performed, and data are expressed as absolute frequency and percentile, and median and interquartile range (P25 and P75) (Mann-Whitney test), considering a significance of 95%. Results: The average time of surgery was 32.5 months (8-61 months). Participants were asked about the practice of physical activity, and 41.7% were physically active. For the SF-36 domains, the highest scores were observed for the social domain whereas the lowest scores were found for mental health, with a mean of 89.25 and 54.44, respectively. In the statistical analysis, we found statistically higher values in emotional functional for patients with mechanical valve prosthesis (p = 0.0084). Conclusion: The QoL of the patients undergoing heart valve replacement improves considerably after the surgery, except for the mental health domain, probably due to the low practice of physical activity. The type of prosthesis seems not to influence the QoL or the patients in the late postoperative period.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Qualidade de Vida , Bioprótese , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Período Pós-Operatório , Exercício Físico , Valva Mitral/cirurgiaRESUMO
Objectives: Reoperative procedure for the treatment of a failed mitral bioprosthesis is associated with considerable risk. In some cases, mortality is high and might contraindicate the benefit of the procedure. The minimally invasive valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter mitral valve implant offers an alternative less-invasive approach, reducing morbidity and mortality. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the mitral ViV approach using the Braile Inovare prosthesis. Methods: The transcatheter balloon-expandable Braile Inovare prosthesis was used in 12 cases. Procedures were performed in a hybrid operating room, under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic control. Through left minithoracotomy, the prostheses were implanted through the cardiac apex. Serial echocardiographic and clinical examinations were performed. Follow-up varied from 1 to 30 months. Results: A total of 12 transapical mitral ViV procedures were performed. Patients had a mean age of 61.6 ± 9.9 years and 92% were women. Mean logistic EuroSCORE was 20.1%. Successful valve implantation was possible in all cases. In one case, a right lateral thoracotomy was performed for the removal of an embolized prosthesis. There was no operative mortality. Thirty-day mortality was 8.3%. Ejection fraction was preserved after the implant (66.7%; 64.8%; P = 0.3). The mitral gradient showed a significant reduction (11 mmHg; 6 mmHg; P < 0.001). Residual mitral regurgitation was not present. There was no left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Conclusions: The mitral ViV implant in a failed bioprosthesis is an effective procedure. This possibility might alter prosthesis selection in the future initial surgical prosthesis selection, favouring bioprostheses. Further large trials should explore its safety.
Assuntos
Bioprótese , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Valva Mitral , Idoso , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Reoperação , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIMS: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation has emerged as an alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients. Diverse prostheses are currently under investigation. The aim of this study was the clinical, safety and efficacy assessment of Braile Inovare Transcatheter Aortic Prosthesis usage. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ninety high-risk or inoperable patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The mean logistic EuroSCORE was 39.3%. All patients presented calcified aortic stenosis. The procedures were performed under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance. Prostheses were implanted through the transapical approach under rapid ventricular pacing. Echocardiographic and angiographic controls were included. Implantation was feasible in 87 cases. There was only one case of operative mortality, and 30-day mortality was 13.3%. The median transvalvular aortic gradient was reduced from 44.8±15.3 to 14.1±8.0 mmHg. Left ventricular function improved in the first seven postoperative days. Paravalvular aortic regurgitation was present in 29.7% of cases, mostly trace. One case presented a major vascular complication, and there were two cases of permanent pacemaker implantation. Two cases of major stroke occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the Braile Inovare prosthesis is able to provide encouraging results with significant functional and structural cardiac improvement. It is mandatory to continue follow-up to measure the benefits of this device as well as to improve selection criteria of patients.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/terapia , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Calcinose/terapia , Cateterismo Cardíaco/instrumentação , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/instrumentação , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Calcinose/diagnóstico , Calcinose/mortalidade , Calcinose/fisiopatologia , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efeitos adversos , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Cateterismo Cardíaco/mortalidade , Estimulação Cardíaca Artificial , Feminino , Seguimentos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Radiografia , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: valve disease is an important cause of heart failure. There is a direct relationship between valve deterioration and the patient's inflammatory status and cytokines: interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and C-reactive protein, involved in this major state of inflammation. OBJECTIVE: to report a series of cases of valve replacement, using a bioprosthetic or mechanical valve, and the inflammatory profile of them. METHODS: patients older than 18 years and with bioprosthetic or mechanical valve placed for a minimum of 6 months and maximum of 2 years were included. In addition to the demographic characteristics of each patient, inflammatory markers were measured and a comparison was made of echocardiographic results before (based on medical records) and after surgery. A total of 46 patients were enrolled, 23 with mechanical valve and 23 with bioprosthetic valve. RESULTS: of the 46 patients, 20 presented complete data were included, 12 with bioprosthetic and 8 with mechanical valve. There was no difference between types of prosthesis or implant site for the values of inflammatory markers although they were all above reference range. DISCUSSION: patients undergoing aortic mechanical valve implant benefited more than those undergoing bioprosthetic implant and both with much better results than those of valve replacements performed on mitral valve. In short, there was no difference in relation to inflammatory biomarkers.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , Interleucina-6/sangue , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Adulto , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/complicações , Biomarcadores/sangue , Bioprótese , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de PróteseRESUMO
Introduction: valve disease is an important cause of heart failure. There is a direct relationship between valve deterioration and the patient’s inflammatory status and cytokines: interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and C-reactive protein, involved in this major state of inflammation. Objective: to report a series of cases of valve replacement, using a bioprosthetic or mechanical valve, and the inflammatory profile of them. Methods: patients older than 18 years and with bioprosthetic or mechanical valve placed for a minimum of 6 months and maximum of 2 years were included. In addition to the demographic characteristics of each patient, inflammatory markers were measured and a comparison was made of echocardiographic results before (based on medical records) and after surgery. A total of 46 patients were enrolled, 23 with mechanical valve and 23 with bioprosthetic valve. Results: of the 46 patients, 20 presented complete data were included, 12 with bioprosthetic and 8 with mechanical valve. There was no difference between types of prosthesis or implant site for the values of inflammatory markers although they were all above reference range. Discussion: patients undergoing aortic mechanical valve implant benefited more than those undergoing bioprosthetic implant and both with much better results than those of valve replacements performed on mitral valve. In short, there was no difference in relation to inflammatory biomarkers. .
Introdução: doença valvar é importante causa de insuficiência cardíaca. Existe relação direta entre a deterioração valvar e o estado inflamatório do paciente, sendo as citocinas interleucina-6, interleucina-1, fator de necrose tumoral e a proteína C reativa as principais envolvidas nesse estado de estimulação. Objetivo: relatar uma série de casos de troca valvar, bioprótese ou mecânica e seu perfil inflamatório. Métodos: pacientes maiores de 18 anos e portadores de bioprótese ou protética mecânica, com período mínimo de 6 meses e máximo de 2 anos, foram incluídos. Além das características demográficas de cada paciente, colheram-se os marcadores inflamatórios e comparou-se o ecocardiograma conforme registro de prontuário antes e depois da cirurgia. Um total de 46 pacientes foi incluído, tendo sido 23 com valva mecânica e 23 de bioprótese. Resultados: dos 46 pacientes, chegamos ao total de 20 pacientes com dados completos, sendo 12 com bioprótese e 8 com protética mecânica. Não houve diferença entre tipo de prótese ou local de implante para os valores dos marcadores inflamatórios, contudo, na média, seus valores estavam aumentados. Discussão: pacientes submetidos ao implante de valva protética mecânica aórtica beneficiaram-se mais do que os submetidos ao implante de bioprótese e ambos com resultado bem superior às trocas realizadas na valva mitral. Não houve diferença em relação aos biomarcadores inflamatórios. .
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , /sangue , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/complicações , Biomarcadores/sangue , Bioprótese , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Desenho de PróteseRESUMO
We assessed the effect of the topical application of epsilon-aminocaproic antifibrinolytic acid (EACA) on the pericardium of patients submitted to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This is a prospective, randomized, and double-blind study. We evaluated 26 patients with chronic coronary heart disease indicated for CABG without CPB (EACA and placebo groups). The analysis of the postoperative hematological results showed no difference between groups in hemoglobin and hematocrit. There was no difference between the groups regarding the postoperative bleeding through the drains in the first 24 hours, 48 hours, and accumulated loss until removal of drains. The use of EACA in patients undergoing CABG without CPB presented no difference in the reduction of the amount of bleeding and the need for blood transfusions.
Assuntos
Ácido Aminocaproico/administração & dosagem , Antifibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Pericárdio , Administração Tópica , Idoso , Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Despite recent advances in acute heart failure treatment, actual results remain limited in refractory cardiogenic shock. Temporary ventricular assist devices have emerged as an alternative in this serious and challenging medical. The purpose of this communication is to present a case of refractory cardiogenic shock, underwent temporary left ventricular assistance device implantation, progressing to right ventricular failure and conversion to biventricular support.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca/cirurgia , Coração Auxiliar , Implantação de Prótese/métodos , Choque Cardiogênico/cirurgia , Disfunção Ventricular/cirurgia , Adulto , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
A 60-year old male patient with multiple risk factors and two previous interventions over the mitral valve was admitted to the emergency unit with symptoms of cardiac failure. Initial examination revealed a competent mitral bioprosthesis with severe perivalvular mitral insufficiency. Based on previous experiences with transapical procedures, a transapical transcatheter closure of the perivalvular leak was performed. The apex was punctured with a 7 French introducer sheath, and a hydrophilic guidewire was advanced with the aid of a right Judkins catheter and positioned across the defect in the left atrium. Fluoroscopic and tridimensional transoesophageal echocardiography was used to guide the manoeuvre. Next, a long introducer sheath was advanced through the guidewire and positioned inside the left atrium. Two Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (St Jude Medical) were deployed, resulting in a significant reduction in the perivalvular leak. The procedure was considered to be successful. The patient regained consciousness, and the orotracheal tube was removed in the operating theatre. No neurological deficits were detected, and the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. The patient recovered well and was transferred to the ward after 1 day. Discharge was accomplished after 4 days.
Assuntos
Bioprótese , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/instrumentação , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/terapia , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Falha de Prótese , Cateterismo Cardíaco/instrumentação , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores , Ecocardiografia Tridimensional , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/etiologia , Desenho de Prótese , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Heart failure is currently one of the most common hospitalization causes. Several chronic circulatory assist devices have been tested and are highly complex. The objective is the description of a pulsatile endoprosthesis capable of applying a chronic pulse within the descending aorta, similar to that produced by intra-aortic balloon. METHODS: Pulsatile stents composed of nickel-titanium were built and positioned to engage latex tubes simulating the aorta. Different electric currents were applied to units connected in series in order to cause structure contraction and displacement of a liquid column. There were two sequence tests: first composed of two metallic cages and the second composed of five cages. At first sequence tests was applied a voltage of 16.3 volts and a current of 5 amperes. In the second, voltage of 15 volts and current of 07 amperes. RESULTS: In the first sequence was obtained the pulsatile effect of stent, with contraction of the tube and displacement of the water column sufficient to validate the pulsating effect of the endoprosthesis. The two structures ejected a volume of 2.6 ml per cycle, with a range of 29 mm in height of the column of water equivalent to 8% shrinkage during the pulse. In the second sequence, it reachead a variation of 7.4 mL per cycle. CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm the stent pulsatile contractility activated by electrical current. The continuity of the study and material improvement are necessary to obtain more efficient model from the point of view of energy and pulse, to allow ejection volumes comparable with the intra-aortic balloons.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Coração Auxiliar , Desenho de Prótese/métodos , Fluxo Pulsátil , Stents , Aorta , Ventrículos do Coração , Humanos , Ilustração Médica , Níquel/uso terapêutico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Titânio/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: A insuficiência cardíaca é uma das causas mais comuns de internação. Dispositivos para assistência circulatória crônica foram testados e, em sua maioria, são de alta complexidade. O objetivo deste estudo é a descrição de uma endoprótese contrátil com capacidade de pulsação crônica no interior da aorta descendente, de maneira semelhante à produzida pelo balão intra-aórtico. MÉTODOS: Endopróteses pulsáteis compostas de níquel-titânio foram posicionadas de forma a envolver tubos de látex, simulando a aorta. Diferentes correntes elétricas foram aplicadas a unidades ligadas em série, de modo a causar contração da estrutura e deslocamento de uma coluna líquida. Foram realizadas duas sequências de testes: a primeira com duas gaiolas metálicas e a segunda com cinco gaiolas. Na primeira sequência de testes, aplicou-se tensão de 16,3 volts e corrente de 5 amperes e, na segunda sequência, tensão de 15 volts e corrente de 7 amperes. RESULTADOS: Na primeira sequência de testes, obteve-se o efeito pulsátil dos 2 stents, havendo contração do tubo e deslocamento da coluna d'água suficientes para validar o efeito pulsátil da endoprótese. As duas estruturas ejetaram um volume de 2,6 mL por ciclo, com uma variação de 29 mm na altura da coluna de água, equivalente a 8% de contração durante a pulsação. Na segunda sequência, conseguiu-se uma variação de 7,4 mL por ciclo. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos comprovam a contratilidade da endoprótese pulsátil ativada pela aplicação de corrente elétrica. Continuidade do estudo e aperfeiçoamento do material se fazem necessários para obtenção de modelo mais eficiente do ponto de vista energético e com maior pulsação, para permitir volumes de ejeção comparáveis aos de balões intra-aórticos.
OBJECTIVE: Heart failure is currently one of the most common hospitalization causes. Several chronic circulatory assist devices have been tested and are highly complex. The objective is the description of a pulsatile endoprosthesis capable of applying a chronic pulse within the descending aorta, similar to that produced by intra-aortic balloon. METHODS: Pulsatile stents composed of nickel-titanium were built and positioned to engage latex tubes simulating the aorta. Different electric currents were applied to units connected in series in order to cause structure contraction and displacement of a liquid column. There were two sequence tests: first composed of two metallic cages and the second composed of five cages. At first sequence tests was applied a voltage of 16.3 volts and a current of 5 amperes. In the second, voltage of 15 volts and current of 07 amperes. RESULTS: In the first sequence was obtained the pulsatile effect of stent, with contraction of the tube and displacement of the water column sufficient to validate the pulsating effect of the endoprosthesis. The two structures ejected a volume of 2.6 ml per cycle, with a range of 29 mm in height of the column of water equivalent to 8% shrinkage during the pulse. In the second sequence, it reachead a variation of 7.4 mL per cycle. CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm the stent pulsatile contractility activated by electrical current. The continuity of the study and material improvement are necessary to obtain more efficient model from the point of view of energy and pulse, to allow ejection volumes comparable with the intra-aortic balloons.
Assuntos
Humanos , Coração Auxiliar , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Fluxo Pulsátil , Desenho de Prótese/métodos , Stents , Aorta , Ventrículos do Coração , Ilustração Médica , Níquel/uso terapêutico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Titânio/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A reoperação para substituição de biopróteses aórticas com disfunção é procedimento que envolve considerável risco. Em alguns casos, a mortalidade é elevada e pode contraindicar o procedimento. O implante minimamente invasivo "valve-in-valve" transcateter de valva aórtica parece ser uma alternativa, reduzindo morbimortalidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar esses implantes utilizando a prótese Braile Inovare. MÉTODOS: A prótese Braile Inovare, transcateter, balão expansível foi utilizada em 14 casos. Euroscore médio foi de 42,9%. Todos os pacientes eram portadores de dupla disfunção de bioprótese aórtica. Os procedimentos foram realizados em ambiente cirúrgico híbrido, sob controle ecocardiográfico e fluoroscópico. Por meio de minitoracotomia esquerda, as próteses foram implantadas através do ápice ventricular, sob estimulação ventricular de alta frequência. Foram realizados controles clínicos e ecocardiográficos seriados. O seguimento variou de 1 a 30 meses. RESULTADOS: A correta liberação protética foi possível em todos os casos. Não ocorreu conversão. Não houve mortalidade operatória. A mortalidade em 30 dias foi de 14,3% (dois casos). A fração de ejeção apresentou aumento significativo após o 7º pós-operatório e o gradiente aórtico apresentou redução significativa. A insuficiência aórtica residual não esteve presente. Não ocorreu complicação vascular periférica ou bloqueio atrioventricular total. CONCLUSÕES: O implante "valve-in-valve" de valva aórtica transcateter em biopróteses com disfunção é um procedimento seguro e com morbimortalidade baixa. Essa possibilidade poderá alterar a indicação de seleção de prótese no procedimento inicial, favorecendo próteses biológicas.
OBJECTIVE: Aortic valve replacement for bioprosthesis dysfunction is a procedure involving considerable risk. In some cases, mortality is high and may contraindicate the procedure. Minimally invasive transcatheter aortic "valve-in-valve" implant appears to be an alternative, reducing morbidity and mortality. The objective is to evaluate aortic valve-in-valve procedure using Braile Inovare prosthesis. METHODS: The Braile Inovare prosthesis, transcatheter, expandable balloon, was used in 14 cases. Average EuroSCORE was 42.9%. All patients had double aortic bioprosthesis dysfunction. Procedures were performed in a surgical hybrid environment under echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance. Using left minithoracotomy prostheses were implanted through the ventricular apex under high-frequency ventricular pacing. Serial clinical and echocardiographic controls were performed. Follow-up ranged 1-30 months. RESULTS: Correct prosthetic deployment was obtained in all cases. There was no conversion. There was no operative mortality. The 30-day mortality was 14.3% (two cases). Ejection fraction increased significantly after the 7th postoperative day. Aortic gradient significantly reduced. The residual aortic regurgitation was not present. There were no vascular complications or complete atrioventricular block. CONCLUSION: The transcatheter "valve-in-valve" procedure for bioprosthesis dysfunction is safe with low morbidity. This possibility may change prosthesis choice during the first aortic valve replacement, favoring bioprostheses.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Bioprótese , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Cateterismo Cardíaco/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Aortic valve replacement for bioprosthesis dysfunction is a procedure involving considerable risk. In some cases, mortality is high and may contraindicate the procedure. Minimally invasive transcatheter aortic "valve-in-valve" implant appears to be an alternative, reducing morbidity and mortality. The objective is to evaluate aortic valve-in-valve procedure using Braile Inovare prosthesis. METHODS: The Braile Inovare prosthesis, transcatheter, expandable balloon, was used in 14 cases. Average EuroSCORE was 42.9%. All patients had double aortic bioprosthesis dysfunction. Procedures were performed in a surgical hybrid environment under echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance. Using left minithoracotomy prostheses were implanted through the ventricular apex under high-frequency ventricular pacing. Serial clinical and echocardiographic controls were performed. Follow-up ranged 1-30 months. RESULTS: Correct prosthetic deployment was obtained in all cases. There was no conversion. There was no operative mortality. The 30-day mortality was 14.3% (two cases). Ejection fraction increased significantly after the 7th postoperative day. Aortic gradient significantly reduced. The residual aortic regurgitation was not present. There were no vascular complications or complete atrioventricular block. CONCLUSION: The transcatheter "valve-in-valve" procedure for bioprosthesis dysfunction is safe with low morbidity. This possibility may change prosthesis choice during the first aortic valve replacement, favoring bioprostheses.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Bioprótese , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Idoso , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Cateterismo Cardíaco/mortalidade , Feminino , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The classical view of adipose tissue as a passive reservoir for energy storage is no longer valid. In the past decade, adipose tissue has been shown to have endocrine functions and the most abundant peptide secreted by adipocytes is adiponectin. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is distributed around coronary arteries and endovascular injury, caused by the presence of intracoronary bare-metal stent (BMS), could promote inflammatory changes in the periadvential fat, contributing to vascular restenosis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine gene expression of inflammatory mediator in pericardial adipose tissue after bare-metal stent implantation and vascular restenosis that had been referred to operative treatment. METHODS: Paired samples of PAT were harvested at the time of elective coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in 11 patients (n = 22), one sample was obtained of the tissue around BMS area and another sample around coronary artery without stent. Local expression of adiponectin was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using Taq DNA polymerase. RESULTS: In two samples, there was no gene expression of adiponectin. We are able to identify adiponectin in 20 samples, however, the pattern of gene expression were heterogeneous.We did not notice specificity when we compared PAT obtained near BMS area or far from BMS area. CONCLUSION: There were no correlation between adiponectin gene expression and presence of BMS.
Assuntos
Adiponectina/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Pericárdio/metabolismo , Stents/efeitos adversos , Adiponectina/genética , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Reestenose Coronária/genética , Reestenose Coronária/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Pericárdio/patologiaRESUMO
When atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in pre-operative open heart surgeries, including coronary artery bypass grafting and valve operations, it represents an independent risk factor for cardiac events and reduced survival. Due to the complexity of the subject, especially when evaluating success rates (reversion and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm), a consensus statement was recently proposed by the International Society of Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery (ISMICS), in order to determine whether the intraoperative ablation of AF promotes favorable clinical outcomes in patients undergoing other cardiac operations in comparison with individual operations without ablation. The aim of this paper is to present published data which has contributed to consensus statement and can be useful as update source. The integrative review was the methodology that provides synthesis of knowledge and applicability of results of significant studies about presented topic.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Ablação/efeitos adversos , Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Técnicas de Ablação/métodos , Conferências de Consenso como Assunto , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance. Surgical ablation techniques were developed involving the left atrium only and modifications of the maze procedure in ablating both atria. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare, in patients with permanent AF, the efficacy of uniatrial versus biatrial radiofrequency ablation procedure in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with associated cardiac disease. METHOD: Between September 2003 and May 2009, 30 patients were submitted to the radiofrequency ablation procedure for AF associated with concomitant cardiac surgery; 15 patients underwent a uniatrial procedure, and 15 patients underwent biatrial ablation. The mean age was 47.73 ± 9.85 years, and 53.4% were men. The average followup time was 12.16 ± 10.89 months for the uniatrial group and 7.0 ± 4.0 months for the biatrial group. RESULTS: Neither hospital mortality nor complications related to radiofrequency ablation were was registered. At the time of hospital discharge, 9 patients (60%) were in a state of sinus rhythm in both groups. However, patients undergoing biatrial ablation (range 73.3% versus 46.7%) demonstrated complete freedom from atrial fibrillation at all times. CONCLUSION: Biatrial ablation surgical procedures were more effective in controlling atrial fibrillation than procedures limited to the left atrium.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Ablação por Cateter/instrumentação , Veias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Adulto , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Átrios do Coração/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A visão clássica de tecido adiposo como um reservatório passivo para o armazenamento de energia não é mais válido. Na última década, o tecido adiposo tem demonstrado funções endócrinas, sendo o peptídeo mais abundante secretado pelos adipócitos a adiponectina. O tecido adiposo epicárdico (TAE) é distribuído em torno das artérias coronárias e, a lesão endovascular causada pela presença de stent metálico intracoronário, poderia promover alterações inflamatórias na gordura periadventicial, contribuindo para reestenose. OBJETIVO: Determinar a expressão gênica de mediadores inflamatórios no tecido adiposo epicárdico após implante de stent metálico com reestenose que haviam sido encaminhados para tratamento cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Amostras pareadas de TAE foram colhidas no momento da cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM) em 11 pacientes (n = 22), uma amostra foi obtida do tecido em torno da area com stent e outra amostra em torno da artéria coronária sem stent. Expressão local de adiponectina foi determinada por reação em cadeia de polymerase em tempo real utilizando Taq DNA polimerase. RESULTADOS: Em duas amostras, não houve expressão do gene da adiponectina. Fomos capazes de identificar adiponectina em 20 amostras, no entanto, o padrão de expressão gênica foi heterogêneo. Não percebemos especificidade quando comparamos TAE obtido próximo à área de stent ou distante da área de stent. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve correlação entre a expressão do gene de adiponectina e a presença de stent intracoronário.
BACKGROUND: The classical view of adipose tissue as a passive reservoir for energy storage is no longer valid. In the past decade, adipose tissue has been shown to have endocrine functions and the most abundant peptide secreted by adipocytes is adiponectin. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is distributed around coronary arteries and endovascular injury, caused by the presence of intracoronary bare-metal stent (BMS), could promote inflammatory changes in the periadvential fat, contributing to vascular restenosis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine gene expression of inflammatory mediator in pericardial adipose tissue after bare-metal stent implantation and vascular restenosis that had been referred to operative treatment. METHODS: Paired samples of PAT were harvested at the time of elective coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in 11 patients (n=22), one sample was obtained of the tissue around BMS area and another sample around coronary artery without stent. Local expression of adiponectin was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using Taq DNA polymerase. RESULTS: In two samples, there was no gene expression of adiponectin. We are able to identify adiponectin in 20 samples, however, the pattern of gene expression were heterogeneous.We did not notice specificity when we compared PAT obtained near BMS area or far from BMS area. CONCLUSION: There were no correlation between adiponectin gene expression and presence of BMS.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adiponectina/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Pericárdio/metabolismo , Stents/efeitos adversos , Adiponectina/genética , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Reestenose Coronária/genética , Reestenose Coronária/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica , Pericárdio/patologiaRESUMO
A fibrilação atrial (FA) no pré-operatório de operações cardíacas abertas, incluindo revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio (RCM) e operações valvares, representa fator de risco independente para eventos cardíacos maiores e redução de sobrevida. Devido à complexidade do assunto, principalmente na avaliação das taxas de sucesso, foi proposta recentemente uma declaração de consenso pela International Society of Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery (ISMICS), com o intuito de determinar se a ablação operatória da FA promove resultados clínicos favoráveis em pacientes submetidos a outras operações cardíacas na comparação com operações isoladas sem ablação. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar dados da literatura que possam contribuir para o consenso sobre o tratamento operatório da FA e ser utilizado como fonte de atualização. A metodologia envolveu revisão integrativa da literatura, com análise e síntese dos dados obtidos de forma descritiva, apresentando o conhecimento atual sobre o tema apresentado.
When atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in pre-operative open heart surgeries, including coronary artery bypass grafting and valve operations, it represents an independent risk factor for cardiac events and reduced survival. Due to the complexity of the subject, especially when evaluating success rates (reversion and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm), a consensus statement was recently proposed by the International Society of Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery (ISMICS), in order to determine whether the intraoperative ablation of AF promotes favorable clinical outcomes in patients undergoing other cardiac operations in comparison with individual operations without ablation. The aim of this paper is to present published data which has contributed to consensus statement and can be useful as update source. The integrative review was the methodology that provides synthesis of knowledge and applicability of results of significant studies about presented topic.
Assuntos
Humanos , Técnicas de Ablação/efeitos adversos , Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Técnicas de Ablação/métodos , Conferências de Consenso como AssuntoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of intraoperative radiofrequency ablation with biatrial procedure in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with associated cardiac disease. METHODS: Between February 2008 and May 2009, 15 consecutive patients were underwent mitral valve procedure plus modified radiofrequency biatrial ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation. The mean age was 47.73 +/- 9.85 years and 60% were male. The mean left atrial diameter was 55.06 +/- 7.56 mm. RESULTS: There were no hospital mortality or complications related to radiofrequency ablation. The mean follow-up period was 7 +/- 4 months. At the time of hospital discharge nine (60%) patients were in sinus rhythm. After a mean follow-up period 11 (73.3%) were in sinus rhythm. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative biatrial radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation, with satisfactory midterms outcomes in terms of conversion to sinus rhythm.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Ablação por Cateter/efeitos adversos , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Adulto , Fibrilação Atrial/fisiopatologia , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Apresentar o resultado inicial da ablação operatória de fibrilação atrial (FA) por radiofrequência irrigada, aplicada em ambos os átrios, para reversão e manutenção do ritmo sinusal, a curto e médio prazo, nos pacientes submetidos à operação cardíaca concomitante da valva mitral. MÉTODOS: Entre fevereiro de 2008 e maio de 2009, 15 pacientes consecutivos portadores de FA permanente foram submetidos à ablação intraoperatória da taquiarritmia por radiofrequência irrigada, aplicada de forma biatrial, com operação cardíaca concomitante (plastia ou troca valvar mitral). O grupo era constituído de nove (60 por cento) pacientes do sexo masculino, com idades variando de 25 a 59 anos (média de 47,73 ± 9,85 anos). O diâmetro do átrio esquerdo variou de 44 a 70 mm (média de 55,06 ± 7,56 mm). RESULTADOS: Não houve mortalidade hospitalar ou complicações relacionadas à radiofrequência. Na alta hospitalar, 9 (60 por cento) pacientes estavam em ritmo sinusal. No tempo médio de seguimento de 7 ± 4 meses, 11 (73,3 por cento) pacientes estavam em ritmo sinusal. CONCLUSÕES: A ablação operatória por radiofrequência irrigada da fibrilação atrial crônica, aplicada em ambos os átrios, é efetiva na reversão e manutenção do ritmo sinusal, no seguimento a curto e médio prazo. A inclusão de maior número de pacientes e a continuidade do seguimento pós-operatório são necessárias para confirmar a efetividade da técnica empregada.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of intraoperative radiofrequency ablation with biatrial procedure in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with associated cardiac disease. METHODS: Between February 2008 and May 2009, 15 consecutive patients were underwent mitral valve procedure plus modified radiofrequency biatrial ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation. The mean age was 47.73 ± 9.85 years and 60 percent were male. The mean left atrial diameter was 55.06 ± 7.56 mm. RESULTS: There were no hospital mortality or complications related to radiofrequency ablation. The mean follow-up period was 7 ± 4 months. At the time of hospital discharge nine (60 percent) patients were in sinus rhythm. After a mean follow-up period 11 (73.3 percent) were in sinus rhythm. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative biatrial radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation, with satisfactory midterms outcomes in terms of conversion to sinus rhythm.