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1.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-908048

RESUMO

Objetivo: evaluar la distribución y el tipo de lesiones que sufren los jugadores de fútbol de las categorías juveniles del Club Atlético River Plate, para tener un conocimiento más profundo de las mismas y actuar disminuyendo su frecuencia. Material y Métodos: Los datos fueron recolectados de forma observacional y prospectiva por parte del Departamento Medico de Fútbol Amateur del Club Atlético River Plate, durante dos años y medio. Participaron un total de 325 jugadores. Lesión fue definida como aquella ocurrida durante la práctica deportiva y que le provocó al deportista la ausencia a entrenamiento/s y/o partido/s, seguida por la necesidad de un diagnóstico anatómico del tejido dañado y el tratamiento correspondiente. Resultados: Se constataron 1.068 patologías, de las cuales 936 fueron lesiones traumatológicas, con un índice de lesión de 0,42 cada 1.000 horas de exposición. Los miembros inferiores fueron los más afectados, siendo la rodilla el principal segmento lesionado seguido por el tobillo y el muslo posterior. El tipo de patología más frecuente fue la lesión muscular, y dentro de ellas los isquiotibiales fueron los músculos más afectados. Conclusión: El fútbol es un deportes con alta incidencia de lesiones por eso es que se debe prestar mayor atención a la prevención, el correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento de sus patologías más comunes.


Background: the objetive of this paper is to evaluate the distribution and type of injuries suffered by soccer players in the youth categories of Club Atlético River Plate, in order to have a deeper knowledge of them and to act to reduce their frequency. Methods: During 2 ½ years, the data was collected in an observational and prospective way by River Plate Amateur Soccer Medical Department. A total of 325 players participated. Injury was defined as an act which occurred during sports and caused the athlete to be absent from training and / or match / s, followed by the need for an anatomical diagnosis of damaged tissue and the corresponding treatment. Results: There were 1.068 pathologies, of which 936 were traumatic lesions, with a lesion index of 0.42 every 1.000 hours of exposure. The lower limbs were the most affected, being the knee the main injured segment followed by the ankle and the posterior thigh. The most frequent type of pathology was muscle injury, and the hamstrings were the most affected muscles. Conclusions: Soccer is one of the sports with the highest incidence of injuries, that is why we have to pay more attention to prevention, correct diagnosis and treatment of the most common pathologies.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Traumatismos em Atletas/epidemiologia , Futebol/lesões , Futebol/estatística & dados numéricos , Incidência
2.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 105(12): 737-9, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21981992

RESUMO

Although previous epidemiological surveys in Ecuador indicate the presence of Entamoeba histolytica, prevalence data of this parasite remain scarce. Most of the studies were based on microscopic examination, which does not allow a morphological differentiation from the non-pathogenic Ent. dispar and Ent. moshkovskii. In the present study, 674 stool samples from a South Ecuadorian rural community were screened for Entamoeba spp. Subsequently, molecular identification was performed on 101 samples containing Ent. histolytica/Ent. dispar/Ent. moshkovskii cysts. The study indicated the absence of Ent. histolytica in this South Ecuadorian community and confirmed the difficulty of differentiating Entamoeba spp. based on morphological features.


Assuntos
Entamoeba histolytica/genética , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Fezes/parasitologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Equador/epidemiologia , Entamoeba histolytica/patogenicidade , Entamebíase/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Saúde da População Rural
3.
Int J Parasitol ; 40(1): 85-90, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19683531

RESUMO

Neurocysticercosis is recognised as an important but neglected cause of epilepsy in developing countries where the parasite occurs. Data on the transmission dynamics of the parasite in endemic areas are scarce. Individuals living in these areas are likely to be highly exposed to the parasite, but relatively few of them develop active infections. The present study aimed to describe and gain insights into changes in antibody responses and infection patterns related to age and/or gender in a south Ecuadorian rural population by combining antibody and antigen serological data with demographic characteristics. In 25% of the population, antibodies to Taenia solium cysticerci were detected whilst 2.9% had circulating parasite antigens. The proportion of antibody-positive individuals increased significantly until the age of 40years to become stable in older individuals. A rule-based simulation model was developed to explain these variations and to reflect the dynamics of exposure to, and transmission of, the parasite. In contrast, the proportion of people presenting circulating parasite antigens, reflecting an active infection, was significantly higher in people older than 60years. Immunosenescence could explain such an observation since a weaker immune system in the elderly would facilitate the establishment and maintenance of viable cysticerci compared with fully immunocompetent younger individuals. This work points out the role of the immune system in the development of cysticercosis within an exposed population and highlights new essential issues in understanding the transmission dynamics of the parasite, its incidence and the resulting immunological response at a population level.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Antígenos de Helmintos/sangue , Cisticercose , População Rural , Taenia solium/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Cisticercose/parasitologia , Cisticercose/transmissão , Equador/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Distribuição por Sexo , Suínos , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Adulto Jovem
4.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(7): 779-82, 2006 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17160287

RESUMO

Taenia solium-taeniasis and cysticercosis were studied in the human and porcine populations of a rural community in the Southern Ecuadorian Andes. From the 1059 inhabitants, 800 serum samples and 958 stool samples could be collected. In addition, 646 from the estimated 1148 pigs were tongue inspected. Circulating antigen was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) in 2.25% of the human population, whereas intestinal taeniasis was detected in 1.46% by the formalin-ether technique. Following treatment and recovery of tapeworm fragments these were all identified as T. solium. Porcine cysticercosis was diagnosed in 3.56% of the pigs by tongue inspection. In addition, enzyme linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) was performed on a subset group of 100 humans to confirm the results of the Ag-ELISA. One hundred serum samples from pigs were also analysed by EITB. It appeared that 43 and 74% of humans and pigs had antibodies against T. solium cysticerci, respectively. It is concluded that contrary to the high exposure of the human population to T. solium that is suggested by EITB, the number of active cysticercosis cases, diagnosed by Ag-ELISA, was low, which may indicate endemic stability. The further use of complementary diagnostic methods for a better understanding of the epidemiology of T. solium is suggested.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Doenças Endêmicas , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Cisticercose/veterinária , Equador/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Prevalência , População Rural , Estações do Ano , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/imunologia , Teníase/epidemiologia , Teníase/veterinária
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(7): 779-782, Nov. 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-439463

RESUMO

Taenia solium-taeniasis and cysticercosis were studied in the human and porcine populations of a rural community in the Southern Ecuadorian Andes. From the 1059 inhabitants, 800 serum samples and 958 stool samples could be collected. In addition, 646 from the estimated 1148 pigs were tongue inspected. Circulating antigen was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) in 2.25 percent of the human population, whereas intestinal taeniasis was detected in 1.46 percent by the formalin-ether technique. Following treatment and recovery of tapeworm fragments these were all identified as T. solium. Porcine cysticercosis was diagnosed in 3.56 percent of the pigs by tongue inspection. In addition, enzyme linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) was performed on a subset group of 100 humans to confirm the results of the Ag-ELISA. One hundred serum samples from pigs were also analysed by EITB. It appeared that 43 and 74 percent of humans and pigs had antibodies against T. solium cysticerci, respectively. It is concluded that contrary to the high exposure of the human population to T. solium that is suggested by EITB, the number of active cysticercosis cases, diagnosed by Ag-ELISA, was low, which may indicate endemic stability. The further use of complementary diagnostic methods for a better understanding of the epidemiology of T. solium is suggested.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Doenças Endêmicas , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/diagnóstico , Cisticercose/sangue , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Cisticercose/veterinária , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Equador/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Immunoblotting , Programas de Rastreamento , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Prevalência , População Rural , Estações do Ano , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/imunologia , Teníase/sangue , Teníase/etiologia , Teníase/veterinária
6.
Vet Parasitol ; 132(1-2): 151-4, 2005 Sep 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15978724

RESUMO

A survey on porcine trichinellosis was organised in Ecuador between 2000 and 2003. Blood samples were taken in slaughterhouses (study 1, n=2000; study 2, n=331) and in a remote village where pigs are free roaming (study 3, n=646) and examined by ELISA using excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens. Seven samples (0.35%) in study 1 and none of the samples of study 2 were serologically positive. Thirty-seven (5.72%) village pigs tested positive by E/S ELISA in study 3. Sero-positive results by the E/S ELISA in study 1 were confirmed by ELISA using beta-tyvelose antigen, and by immunoblot. Muscle samples taken from pigs slaughtered in the abattoir (study 2) and from animals that showed a positive serology in study 3 were examined by trichinoscopy and artificial digestion. These techniques failed to demonstrate the presence of muscle larvae. The results of this survey need confirmation, but suggest that Trichinella is present in Ecuador; however, prevalence and parasite burdens are likely to be very low. The likelihood of detecting trichinellosis are higher in traditional settings than in pigs raised on improved farms.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Trichinella/isolamento & purificação , Triquinelose/epidemiologia , Triquinelose/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Antígenos de Helmintos , Equador/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Proteínas de Helminto , Hexoses , Immunoblotting/veterinária , Músculos/parasitologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Triquinelose/sangue , Triquinelose/parasitologia
7.
Vet Parasitol ; 125(1-2): 183-202, 2004 Oct 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24937886

RESUMO

This collection of articles provides an account of the papers delivered at the 19th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP)(held in New Orleans, LA, USA, from 10 to 14 August 2003) in a symposium session on assessing the burden of Taenia solium cysticercosis and echinococcosis organised and chaired by A. Lee Willingham III from the WHO/FAO Collaborating Center for Research and Training on Emerging and other Parasitic Zoonoses in Denmark and Peter M. Schantz from the Parasitic Diseases Division of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. The focus was on the persistence of the zoonotic parasitic diseases cysticercosis, caused by the pork tapeworm T. solium, and echinococcosis,caused by species of the tapeworm Echinococcus, and why these diseases are given very little attention on the national and international agendas in spite of the availability of tools to detect, treat,control and prevent them when it is quite clear in most instances that they are clearly associated with and help perpetuate poverty. A major reason for this is that in many endemic areas the presence and impact of these diseases are not known due to the lack of investigation and information thus policymakers are not aware of their burden and benefits of their control. Documentation is also needed to help increase awareness of the international community and hopefully result in financial and technical support being made available. Thus, burden assessments of cysticercosis and echinococcosis provide an essential evidence base for securing political will and financial and technical support as well as providing a basis for cost-benefit analysis of prevention and control efforts. In order to make an appropriate and full burden assessment one must consider the health, agricultural, social and other impacts of these parasitic zoonoses comprehensively. During the symposium presentations were given concerning current ongoing initiatives to assess the burden of cysticercosis and echinococcosis and examples of the impact of these diseases in both developing and developed countries were provided. In addition, cost factors related to vaccines for these cestode diseases were discussed and the possibilities for technical and financial support from multilateral agencies for assessments and interventions presented.


Assuntos
Cisticercose/veterinária , Equinococose/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia solium/fisiologia , Animais , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Cisticercose/economia , Cisticercose/parasitologia , Equinococose/economia , Equinococose/parasitologia , Equador , África do Sul , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/economia
8.
Vet Parasitol ; 118(1-2): 51-60, 2003 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14651875

RESUMO

Taenia solium is endemic in the Andean region of Ecuador. The recent rediscovery of Taenia saginata in humans urges to reconsider some assumptions in relation to the epidemiology of the taeniosis/cysticercosis complex in this country.Therefore, data were compiled on the infection of both tapeworms in man and animals in Pichincha and Imbabura provinces in the Andean region, north of Quito. On post mortem inspection 3 out of 806 (0.37%) carcasses had T. saginata metacestodes, however, 35 sera out of 869 (4.03%) showed circulating antigen in a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA (Ag-ELISA). Porcine cysticercosis was detected in 15 out of 2896 (0.52%) carcasses and 93 out of 1032 serum samples (9.01%) were positive in Ag-ELISA. In humans, 4.99% (215 out of 4306) cases of antigen positives were found, whereas coprological examination of 1935 stools resulted in 30 positive cases (1.55%). The limited number of adult tapeworms (29) that were collected does not allow firm conclusions on the proportion of each species, but in total 21 specimen were identified as T. saginata and 8 as T. solium. These data have been discussed in view of the epidemiology of human cysticercosis.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Taenia saginata/isolamento & purificação , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Anticorpos Monoclonais/sangue , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Equador/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Pública , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia saginata/imunologia , Taenia solium/imunologia
9.
J Parasitol ; 88(5): 1007-11, 2002 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12435145

RESUMO

Given the constraints of classical diagnostic methods, i.e., morphological and isoenzymatic studies of proglottids, a polymerase chain reaction test complemented with restriction enzyme analysis has been modified by redesigning one of the primers to reduce nonspecific amplifications experienced when using field samples. The use of these new, highly cestode-specific primers and the restriction enzyme Ddel led to the development of a diagnostic assay that clearly distinguishes between Taenia saginata and T. solium proglottids in field samples. This assay confirms the presence of T. saginata in Ecuador. DNA amplification of some of these taeniids showed different patterns, suggesting the possibility that strain differences exist. These results demonstrate the need for development of useful molecular assays as reliable tools for epidemiological studies on cestodes.


Assuntos
Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Taenia saginata/genética , Taenia solium/genética , Teníase/diagnóstico , Animais , Primers do DNA/química , DNA de Helmintos/química , DNA de Helmintos/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/química , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Desoxirribonucleases de Sítio Específico do Tipo II/química , Equador , Humanos , Taenia saginata/classificação , Taenia solium/classificação , Teníase/genética
10.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 94(2): 211-4, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10224530

RESUMO

An overview is presented of the results obtained with biodegradable sustained release devices (SRDs) containing a mixture of polymers and either isometamidium (ISMM) or ethidium. Under controlled laboratory conditions (monthly challenge with tsetse flies infected with Trypanosoma congolense) the protection period in SRD treated cattle could be extended by a factor 2.8 (for ethidium) up to 4.2 (for ISMM) as compared to animals treated intramuscularly with the same drugs. Using a competitive drug ELISA ISMM concentrations were detected up to 330 days after the implantation of the SRDs, whereas after i.m. injection the drug was no longer present three to four months post treatment. Two field trials carried out in Mali under heavy tsetse challenge showed that the cumulative infection rate was significantly lower in the ISMM-SRD implanted cattle than in those which received ISMM intramuscularly. Using ethidium SRD, however, contradictory results were obtained in field trials in Zambia and in Mali. The potential advantages and inconvenients of the use of SRDs are discussed and suggestions are made in order to further improve the currently available devices.


Assuntos
Implantes Absorvíveis/veterinária , Etídio/uso terapêutico , Fenantridinas/uso terapêutico , Poliésteres/uso terapêutico , Tripanossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Trypanosoma congolense/efeitos dos fármacos , Tripanossomíase Africana/veterinária , Tripanossomíase Bovina/prevenção & controle , Animais , Bovinos , Preparações de Ação Retardada/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo
11.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 62(8): 3034-6, 1996 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8702297

RESUMO

Filamentous bacteria isolated from surface-sterilized nodules of Casuarina equisetifolia trees in México were capable of reducing acetylene, a diagnostic test for nitrogenase, but were unable to nodulate their host. Analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences suggests that the Mexican isolates are not Frankia strains but members of a novel clade.


Assuntos
Actinomycetales/genética , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Ribossômico/química , Plantas/microbiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Actinomycetales/classificação , Sequência de Bases , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia
12.
J Pediatr ; 125(4): 519-26, 1994 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7931869

RESUMO

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 children with Escherichia coli O157:H7-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The infection was traced to contaminated hamburgers at a fast-food restaurant chain. Within 5 days of the first confirmed case, the Washington State Department of Health identified the source and interrupted transmission of infection. Ninety-five percent of the children initially had severe hemorrhagic colitis. Nineteen patients (51%) had significant extrarenal abnormalities, including pancreatitis, colonic necrosis, glucose intolerance, coma, stroke, seizures, myocardial dysfunction, pericardial effusions, adult respiratory disease syndrome, and pleural effusions. Three deaths occurred, each in children with severe multisystem disease. At follow-up two children have significant impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate < 80 ml/min/per 1.73 Hm2); both of these children have a normal serum creatinine concentration. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children, and this experience emphasizes the systemic nature of this disease. Clinicians should anticipate that multisystem involvement may occur in these patients, necessitating acute intervention or chronic follow-up. This outbreak of Hemolytic-uremic syndrome also highlights the microbiologic hazards of inadequately prepared food and emphasizes the importance of public health intervention in controlling Hemolytic-uremic syndrome.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/epidemiologia , Carne/microbiologia , Adolescente , Animais , Bovinos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colite/epidemiologia , Colite/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/classificação , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/epidemiologia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/microbiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Carne/intoxicação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Washington/epidemiologia
13.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo ; 36(4): 327-34, 1994.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7732263

RESUMO

Sera from patients infected with Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana and Echinococcus granulosus were tested against homologous and heterologous parasite antigens using an ELISA assay, and a high degree of cross-reactivity was verified. To identify polypeptides responsible for this cross reactivity, the Enzyme Linked Immunoelectro Transfer Blot (EITB) was used. Sera from infected patients with T.solium, H.nana, and E.granulosus were assessed against crude, ammonium sulphate precipitated (TSASP), and lentil-lectin purified antigens of T.solium and crude antigens of H.nana and E.granulosus. Several bands, recognized by sera from patients with T.solium, H.nana, and E.granulosus infections, were common to either two or all three cestodes. Unique reactive bands in H.nana were noted at 49 and 66 K-Da and in E.granulosus at 17-21 K-Da and at 27-32 K-Da. In the crude cysticercosis extract, a specific non glycoprotein band was present at 61-67 K-Da in addiction to specific glycoprotein bands of 50, 42, 24, 21, 18, 14, and 13 K-Da. None of the sera from patients with H.nana or E.granulosus infection cross reacted with these seven glycoprotein bands considered specific for T.solium infection.


Assuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico , Himenolepíase/diagnóstico , Teníase/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Criança , Reações Cruzadas , Equinococose/sangue , Echinococcus/imunologia , Humanos , Himenolepíase/sangue , Hymenolepis/imunologia , Immunoblotting , Especificidade da Espécie , Taenia/imunologia , Teníase/sangue
14.
Rev Cubana Med Trop ; 31(1): 53-8, 1979.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-382284

RESUMO

The first finding of Trichostrongylus axei (Cobbold, 1879) Railliet et Henry, 1909 in the Cuban bovine cattle is reported. Its characteristics are described and measurements obtained by authors are compared to those from others. Fifty animals were examined and a 94% invasion was found.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Trichostrongyloidea/isolamento & purificação , Tricostrongiloidíase/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Tricostrongiloidíase/parasitologia
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