RESUMO
Some studies have showed the benefits of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as a complement in weight loss diets, even though the results are hardly conclusive. Additionally, anxiety is another relevant factor that influences not only the appetite but the locomotion of the animals as well. This study evaluated the effect of a diet enriched with PUFAs in relation to body weight in an animal model of anxiety (the elevated plus maze). Female Wistar rats were allocated to one of four groups and were fed different diets for 30 days: control diet (commercial chow (Nuvilab(®)); diet enriched with fish oil; diet enriched with linseed oil, and diet enriched with soybean oil. The body weight was not influenced by the kind of diet. The group that received food enriched with linseed oil remained in the open arms for longer periods when compared with the control group. This result suggests an anxiolytic-like effect in that group.
Assuntos
Ansiolíticos/administração & dosagem , Dieta , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/administração & dosagem , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Semente do Linho/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Óleo de Soja/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Prenatal stress (PNS) during critical periods of brain development has been associated with numerous behavioral and/or mood disorders in later life. These outcomes may result from changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, which, in turn, can be modulated by environmental factors, such as nutritional status. In this study, the adult male offspring of dams exposed to restraint stress during the last semester of pregnancy and fed different diets were evaluated for depressive-like behavior in the forced swimming test and for the corticosterone response to the test. Female Wistar rats were allocated to one of three groups: regular diet, diet supplemented with coconut fat or with fish oil, offered during pregnancy and lactation. When pregnancy was confirmed, they were distributed into control or stress groups. Stress consisted of restraint and bright light for 45 min, three times per day, in the last week of pregnancy. The body weight of the adult offspring submitted to PNS was lower than that of controls. In the forced swimming test, time of immobility was reduced and swimming was increased in PNS rats fed fish oil and plasma corticosterone levels immediately after the forced swimming test were lower in PNS rats fed regular diet than their control counterparts; this response was reduced in control rats whose mothers were fed fish oil and coconut fat. The present results indicate that coconut fat and fish oil influenced behavioral and hormonal responses to the forced swimming test in both control and PNS adult male rats.
Assuntos
Cocos , Corticosterona/sangue , Depressão/sangue , Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/sangue , Estresse Psicológico/sangue , Animais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Depressão/psicologia , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Masculino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/sangue , Complicações na Gravidez/dietoterapia , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/dietoterapia , Ratos , Estresse Psicológico/dietoterapia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Affective disorders and symptoms are very prominent among women. However specific complaints and symptoms may vary in different cultures. METHODS: A survey on the most common complaints from Brazilian women, identified as anxious or depressive symptoms, was performed with a focus group of 6 psychiatrists. The results are shown and a narrative review of manifestations of anxious and depressive symptoms in Latin American women are reported. RESULTS: Complaints and symptoms of depression and anxiety are associated with some ethnic and socio-cultural factors. The overlap between depression and anxiety is substantial. LIMITATIONS: The authors concluded that there is still insufficient quantitative scientific evidence, allowing a clear view of this subject. CONCLUSIONS: There have been suggestions that ethnic, cultural, and economic conditions seem to play an important role in presentation of depressive and anxious symptoms.