RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. RESULTS: two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is an enzyme found in saliva and is considered a noninvasive biomarker for sympathetic nervous system activity. While a wide range of sAA activity in response to stress has been reported in nonhuman primates, the effects of stress on sAA activity in common marmosets are still unknown. We tested the hypothesis that advanced age and cognitive function may have an impact on stress-related sAA reactivity in marmosets. Thirteen marmosets (nine males and five females) had saliva samples collected during a stressful condition (manual restraint stress) at two different time points, with a 60-min interval. On the next day, the animals underwent the object recognition test (ORT, a type of cognitive test), and then oral examinations. The animals were categorized into two age groups: old (10-13 years), and very old (15-22 years). Irrespective of age, sAA levels showed a significant difference between T1 (mean 2.07 ± 0.86 U/mL) and T2 samples (mean 1.03 ± 0.67 U/mL), with higher values observed at T1 (p < 0.001). The intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) for low and high sAA concentrations were 10.79% and 8.17%, respectively, while the interassay CVs for low and high sAA concentrations were 6.39% and 4.38%, respectively. Oral health issues were common but did not significantly impact sAA levels. The ORT indicated that the animals could recognize an object placed in the cage 6 h after familiarization. In conclusion, all marmosets showed a higher sAA concentration in the first saliva sample as compared to the second saliva sample collected 1 h later, indicating adaptation to stress. No significant differences in sAA levels were observed between sexes, ORT performance, or oral health. Our results indicate that autonomic responsivity and cognitive (memory) functions were preserved even in very old marmosets.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. Methods: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. Final Considerations: concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender cómo las fake news influyeron en la adhesión a la inmunización contra la Covid-19, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales de la salud. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, realizado en Campo Grande - MS. Participaron 20 profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en la sala de vacunas o en la gestión de inmunobiológicos, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas en su totalidad y sometidas a análisis de contenido, en la modalidad temática. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías en las que los profesionales destacaron el aumento de la vacilación vacunal por parte de la población, la influencia de las fake news y de acciones negacionistas que interfirieron negativamente en la confianza de la población en las vacunas y en los profesionales que las aplican. Consideraciones Finales: preguntas sobre la seguridad de la vacunación y acciones negacionistas realizadas por autoridades y medios de comunicación pueden generar el fenómeno de la no vacunación. La valorización de la ciencia, la promoción de acciones educativas y la concienciación de la población sobre la inmunización fueron presentadas como estrategias para aumentar la cobertura vacunal.

RESUMO Objetivoss: apreender como as fake news influenciaram na adesão à imunização contra a Covid-19, na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, realizado em Campo Grande - MS. Participaram 20 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em sala de vacina ou gestão de imunobiológicos, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas na íntegra e submetidas à análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias nas quais os profissionais destacaram o aumento da hesitação vacinal por parte da população, a influência das fake news e de ações negacionistas que interferiram negativamente na confiança da população nas vacinas e nos profissionais que as aplicam. Considerações Finais: questionamentos em relação à segurança vacinal e ações negacionistas realizadas por autoridades e veículos midiáticos podem gerar o fenômeno da não vacinação. A valorização da ciência, a promoção de ações de educação e a conscientização populacional quanto à imunização foram apresentadas como estratégias para aumento da cobertura vacinal.

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção de enfermeiros que atuam no Programa Saúde na Escola acerca da saúde mental infantojuvenil. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva realizada entre dezembro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023, com enfermeiros atuantes em Estratégias Saúde da Família no município da Fronteira Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. Coleta dos dados com entrevistas semiestruturadas e Análise Temática de Minayo. Resultados: A concepção de saúde mental esteve atrelada tanto ao conceito tradicional quanto à clínica ampliada. Os fatores de risco à saúde mental das crianças e adolescentes destacados foram conflitos familiares, preconceito, exposição a violências, influência digital, uso de substâncias psicoativas e criminalidade. Conclusão: Destaca-se a necessidade de fomento às estratégias de cuidado, especialmente por parte dos enfermeiros, capacitando-os para realizarem um olhar mais crítico e centrado nos fatores de risco e nas demandas em saúde mental, de acordo com as especificidades do público infantojuvenil.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of nurses who work in the School Health Program about mental health in children and adolescents. Method: This was a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study carried out between December 2022 and February 2023, with nurses working in Family Health Strategies in a municipality on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. Data collection with semi-structured interviews and Minayo's Thematic Analysis. Results: The concept of mental health was linked to both the traditional concept and the expanded clinic. The risk factors for the mental health of children and adolescents highlighted were family conflicts, prejudice, exposure to violence, digital influence, the use of psychoactive substances, and crime. Conclusion: There is a need to promote care strategies, especially for nurses, enabling them to take a more critical look at risk factors and mental health demands based on the specific characteristics of children and adolescents.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de enfermeros que trabajan en el Programa de Salud Escolar sobre la salud mental en niños y jóvenes. Método: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo realizado entre diciembre de 2022 y febrero de 2023, con enfermeros que trabajan en Estrategias de Salud de la Familia en el municipio de Fronteira Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. Recogida de datos con entrevistas semiestructuradas y Análisis Temático de Minayo. Resultados: TEl concepto de salud mental estaba vinculado tanto al concepto tradicional como a la clínica ampliada. Los factores de riesgo para la salud mental de los niños y adolescentes destacados fueron los conflictos familiares, los prejuicios, la exposición a la violencia, la influencia digital, el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y la delincuencia. Conclusión: Es necesario promover estrategias de atención, especialmente por parte de los enfermeros, que les permitan tener una visión más crítica de los factores de riesgo y de las demandas de salud mental, de acuerdo con las características específicas de los niños y los jóvenes.

RESUMO

Sepsis is a severe condition secondary to dysregulated host response to infection leading to tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Cannabinoid CB2 receptor has modulatory effects on the immune response. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of a cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonist on the local and systemic inflammatory process associated with pneumonia-induced sepsis. Pneumonia-induced sepsis was induced in mice by intratracheal inoculation of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were collected 6, 24, or 48 h after surgery. Mice were treated with CB2 agonist (AM1241, 0.3 and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) and several parameters of inflammation were evaluated 24 h after sepsis induction. Polymorphonuclear cell migration to the infectious focus peaked 24 h after pneumonia-induced sepsis induction in male and female animals. Septic male mice presented a significant reduction of cannabinoid CB2 receptor density in the lung tissue after 24 h, which was not observed in females. CB2 expression in BAL macrophages was also reduced in septic animals. Treatment of septic mice with AM1241 reduced cell migration, local infection, myeloperoxidase activity, protein extravasation, and NOS-2 expression in the lungs. In addition, the treatment reduced plasma IL-1ß, increased IL-10 and reduced the severity and mortality of septic animals. These results suggest that AM1241 promotes an interesting balance in the inflammatory response, maintaining lung function and preventing organ injury. Therefore, cannabinoid CB2 receptors are potential targets to control the excessive inflammatory process that occurs in severe conditions, and agonists of these receptors can be considered promising adjuvants in pneumonia-induced sepsis treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction The hyperboloid is a masticatory device made of silicone with an hourglass (hyperbolic) shape that has been used as an aid to jaw functional orthopedic therapy. Objective To evaluate whether the hyperboloid device affects electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masticatory muscles during jaw movements in individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) compared to controls. Methods The study sample consisted of 49 participants divided into two groups: mild, moderate and severe TMD (TMD group; n = 25) and a control group (n = 24). We evaluated EMG activities of temporal and masseter muscles bilaterally during jaw protraction and retraction, and left and right lateralization with and without the use of the hyperboloid device. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA with two factors: group (healthy and TMD) and situation (with or without the use of the hyperboloid). Results We found higher EMG activity in the left temporal in the TMD group and no difference in EMG activities with the use of the hyperboloid device. Conclusion The use of the hyperboloid device did not affect EMG activity of the muscles evaluated in the groups studied. We found higher EMG activity of the left temporal muscle in participants with TMD. Long-term randomized studies should be conducted in individuals with TMD to investigate the effects of functional orthopedic therapy using the hyperboloid device with visual and quantitative feedback.

Resumo Introdução O hiperboloide é um aparelho mastigatório feito de silicone com formato de ampulheta (hiperbólica), que tem sido utilizado como auxiliar na terapia ortopédica funcional da mandíbula. Objetivo Avaliar se o dispositivo hiperbolóide afeta a atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) dos músculos mastigató-rios durante os movimentos mandibulares em indivíduos com disfunção da articulação temporomandibular (DTM) em comparação com controles. Métodos A amostra do estudo foi composta por 49 participantes divididos em dois grupos: DTM leve, moderada e severa (grupo DTM; n = 25) e grupo controle (n = 24). Avaliaram-se as atividades EMG dos múscu-los temporal e masseter bilateralmente durante a protração e retração da mandíbula e lateralização esquerda e direita com e sem o uso do dispositivo hiperboloide. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas por ANOVA two-way com dois fatores: grupo (saudável e DTM) e situação (com ou sem uso do hiperbolóide). Resultados Encontramos maior atividade EMG no temporal esquerdo no grupo DTM e nenhuma diferença nas atividades EMG com o uso do dispositivo hiperboloide. Conclusão O uso do hiperboloide não afetou a atividade EMG dos músculos avaliados nos grupos estudados. Encontramos maior atividade EMG do músculo temporal esquerdo em participantes com DTM. Estudos randomizados de longo prazo devem ser conduzidos em indivíduos com DTM para investigar os efeitos da terapia ortopédica funcional usando o dispositivo hiperbolóide com feedback visual e quantitativo.

RESUMO

This study aimed to compare the prevalence of food consumption assessment coverage in children under 10 years old before and after the implementation of the Healthy Growth Program (HGP). In this sense, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 548 municipalities registered in the HGP and available in the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The food consumption assessment coverage indicator was analyzed per geographic regions, a Chi-square test was performed and the Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Food consumption assessment coverage increased from 0.25% in 2015 to 1.78% in 2018 (PR=7.09; 95%CI 7.00;7.18). The Southern region showed the highest and the Midwestern region the lowest increase in food consumption coverage. Although food consumption assessment coverage has increased less than the five-percent target set by the HGP, there has been an improvement in monitoring the nutritional status of children, which requires developing actions that support mapping the food and nutritional scenario of children in Brazil.

O estudo objetivou comparar a prevalência de cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar em crianças menores de 10 anos, antes e após a implantação do Programa Crescer Saudável (PCS). Nesse sentido, foi conduzido estudo transversal com dados de 548 municípios registrados no PCS disponíveis no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional do Ministério da Saúde. Analisou-se o indicador cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar, segundo as regiões geográficas. Realizou-se teste Qui-quadrado e estimaram-se as Razões de Prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95% (IC95%). A cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar aumentou de 0,25% em 2015 para 1,78% em 2018 (RP=7,09; IC95% 7,00;7,18). As regiões que apresentaram maior e menor crescimento na cobertura de consumo alimentar foram Sul e Centro-Oeste, respectivamente. Embora o aumento da cobertura de avaliação de consumo alimentar tenha ficado abaixo da meta de 5% estabelecida pelo PCS, houve melhoria no monitoramento da situação nutricional de crianças, sendo necessário desenvolver ações que favoreçam o mapeamento do cenário alimentar e nutricional de crianças no Brasil.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumo O estudo objetivou comparar a prevalência de cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar em crianças menores de 10 anos, antes e após a implantação do Programa Crescer Saudável (PCS). Nesse sentido, foi conduzido estudo transversal com dados de 548 municípios registrados no PCS disponíveis no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional do Ministério da Saúde. Analisou-se o indicador cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar, segundo as regiões geográficas. Realizou-se teste Qui-quadrado e estimaram-se as Razões de Prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95% (IC95%). A cobertura de avaliação do consumo alimentar aumentou de 0,25% em 2015 para 1,78% em 2018 (RP=7,09; IC95% 7,00;7,18). As regiões que apresentaram maior e menor crescimento na cobertura de consumo alimentar foram Sul e Centro-Oeste, respectivamente. Embora o aumento da cobertura de avaliação de consumo alimentar tenha ficado abaixo da meta de 5% estabelecida pelo PCS, houve melhoria no monitoramento da situação nutricional de crianças, sendo necessário desenvolver ações que favoreçam o mapeamento do cenário alimentar e nutricional de crianças no Brasil.

Abstract This study aimed to compare the prevalence of food consumption assessment coverage in children under 10 years old before and after the implementation of the Healthy Growth Program (HGP). In this sense, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 548 municipalities registered in the HGP and available in the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The food consumption assessment coverage indicator was analyzed per geographic regions, a Chi-square test was performed and the Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Food consumption assessment coverage increased from 0.25% in 2015 to 1.78% in 2018 (PR=7.09; 95%CI 7.00;7.18). The Southern region showed the highest and the Midwestern region the lowest increase in food consumption coverage. Although food consumption assessment coverage has increased less than the five-percent target set by the HGP, there has been an improvement in monitoring the nutritional status of children, which requires developing actions that support mapping the food and nutritional scenario of children in Brazil.

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as experiências na infância de ouvidores de vozes e religião quando adulto. Método: pesquisa transversal com ouvidores de vozes de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em 2019, por meio da utilização de questionários padronizados; para a variáveis sobre religião ,utilizou-se o questionário Duke Religious Index. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se frequências absolutas, proporções e análise bivariada. Resultados: participaram 112 pessoas, 66 referiram ouvir vozes, 65% relataram ter religião, com maior prevalência de evangélicos (n=31; 52%). Não ter uma infância prazerosa (78%), ter vivenciado uma infância estressante (76%) e não ter se sentido seguro na rua quando criança (83%) apresentaram relação com ter religião quando adulto. Conclusão: este estudo propõe uma mudança de produção de conhecimento e cuidado em saúde mental, que considere a experiência e a religiosidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between childhood experiences of voice hearers and religion as an adult. Method: cross-sectional research with voice hearers from a Psychosocial Care Center in a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data collection occurred in 2019 using standardized questionnaires; for the variables on religion, the Duke Religious Index questionnaire was used. For data analysis, absolute frequencies, proportions, and bivariate analysis were used. Results: 112 people participated, of these, 66 reported hearing voices, 65% reported having religion, with a higher prevalence of evangelicals (n=31; 52%). Not having a pleasant childhood (78%), having experienced a stressful childhood (76%) and not having felt safe on the streets as a child (83%) were related to having religion as an adult. Conclusion: this study proposes a change in knowledge production and care in mental health that considers experience and religiosity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre las experiencias infantiles de los escuchadores de voces y la religión en la edad adulta. Método: investigación transversal con escuchadores de voces de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial de un municipio del interior de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La recogida de datos se realizó en 2019 mediante el uso de cuestionarios estandarizados; para las variables sobre religión se utilizó el cuestionario Duke Religious Index. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas, las proporciones y el análisis bivariante. Resultados: Participaron 112 personas, 66 de ellas declararon oír voces, el 65% declaró tener religión, con una mayor prevalencia de evangélicos (n=31; 52%). No haber tenido una infancia agradable (78%), haber vivido una infancia estresante (76%) y no haberse sentido seguro en la calle cuando era niño (83%) estaban relacionados con tener religión como adulto. Conclusión: este estudio propone un cambio de producción de conocimiento y atención en salud mental, que considera la experiencia y la religiosidad.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Non-human primates are the closest animal models to humans regarding genetics, physiology and behaviour. Marmoset monkeys in particular are one of the most versatile species for biomedical research. OBJECTIVE: To assess the craniofacial growth and development of the masticatory function in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), from birth to the fourth month of life through minimally invasive cineradiographic imaging. METHODS: Ten individuals were followed-up from 0 to 4 months of age regarding craniofacial growth and masticatory function assessed by cineradiography. For the experimental procedure, we used a microfocal X-ray source apparatus and a beryllium fast-response image-intensifier. RESULTS: The duration of the masticatory cycles was stable across age groups. Chewing a very soft Castella cake or the slightly harder Marshmallow did not change the masticatory cycle in the time domain. On the other hand, linear and angular measurements of the jaw-opening movement showed a tendency for bigger movements at the latter stages of craniofacial growth. Qualitative analysis showed that marmosets had a small preference for Castella over Marshmallow, that they most often bit off pieces of food to chew with their posterior teeth, that they manipulated the food with their hands, and that they chewed the food continuously. CONCLUSION: We observed critical developmental events during the first 3 months of life in marmosets. Cineradiographic imaging in marmosets may provide valuable information on craniofacial form and function for basic and preclinical research models.

Assuntos

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as experiências na infância de ouvidores de vozes e religião quando adulto. Método: pesquisa transversal com ouvidores de vozes de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em 2019, por meio da utilização de questionários padronizados; para a variáveis sobre religião ,utilizou-se o questionário Duke Religious Index. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se frequências absolutas, proporções e análise bivariada. Resultados: participaram 112 pessoas, 66 referiram ouvir vozes, 65% relataram ter religião, com maior prevalência de evangélicos (n=31; 52%). Não ter uma infância prazerosa (78%), ter vivenciado uma infância estressante (76%) e não ter se sentido seguro na rua quando criança (83%) apresentaram relação com ter religião quando adulto. Conclusão: este estudo propõe uma mudança de produção de conhecimento e cuidado em saúde mental, que considere a experiência e a religiosidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between childhood experiences of voice hearers and religion as an adult. Method: cross-sectional research with voice hearers from a Psychosocial Care Center in a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data collection occurred in 2019 using standardized questionnaires; for the variables on religion, the Duke Religious Index questionnaire was used. For data analysis, absolute frequencies, proportions, and bivariate analysis were used. Results: 112 people participated, of these, 66 reported hearing voices, 65% reported having religion, with a higher prevalence of evangelicals (n=31; 52%). Not having a pleasant childhood (78%), having experienced a stressful childhood (76%) and not having felt safe on the streets as a child (83%) were related to having religion as an adult. Conclusion: this study proposes a change in knowledge production and care in mental health that considers experience and religiosity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre las experiencias infantiles de los escuchadores de voces y la religión en la edad adulta. Método: investigación transversal con escuchadores de voces de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial de un municipio del interior de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La recogida de datos se realizó en 2019 mediante el uso de cuestionarios estandarizados; para las variables sobre religión se utilizó el cuestionario Duke Religious Index. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas, las proporciones y el análisis bivariante. Resultados: Participaron 112 personas, 66 de ellas declararon oír voces, el 65% declaró tener religión, con una mayor prevalencia de evangélicos (n=31; 52%). No haber tenido una infancia agradable (78%), haber vivido una infancia estresante (76%) y no haberse sentido seguro en la calle cuando era niño (83%) estaban relacionados con tener religión como adulto. Conclusión: este estudio propone un cambio de producción de conocimiento y atención en salud mental, que considera la experiencia y la religiosidad.

RESUMO

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre a qualidade e o acesso aos serviços na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) na perspectiva de usuários, profissionais de saúde e gestores.Métodos: a análise foi realizada por meio da Bibliometria, um estudo quantitativo descritivo, utilizando o pacote R Bibliometrix, VOSviewer e Zotero, para avaliar os artigos de 2011 até 2020 na Scopus.Resultados: foram recuperados 791 documentos. O ano com mais publicações foi 2019 e o com mais citações,2015. Dos 461 periódicos, a BMC Health Services Research destacou-se com 28 artigos. Dos 4475 autores, Clare Liddy foi a autora de maior produção. Foram identificados 24 clusters, sendo que seis tinham participação destacada dos autores mais citados. A University of Californiafoi a instituição com mais autores filiados. Os países com mais publicações foram os Estados Unidos da América, Reino Unido e Canadá, respectivamente.Conclusões: essa análise permitiu mapear os centros de pesquisa e grupos de pesquisadores mais relevantes na temática e redes colaborativas, evidenciando potenciais parcerias para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa. Foram identificados poucos estudos em relação à perspectiva dos profissionais e, principalmente, dos gestores sobre o acesso e qualidade da APS.

Objectives: to analyze the scientific production about quality and access of Primary Health Care (PHC) services from the perspective of users, health professionals, and population health management. Methods: an analysis was performed using Bibliometrics, a descriptive qualitative study, using the R package Bibliometrix and VOSviewer and Zotero software, to evaluate articles retrieved from 2011 to 2020 in the Scopus database. Results: 791 documents were retrieved. The year with the most publications was 2019 and 2015 was the year with the most citations. BMC Health Services Research stood out with 28 articles from 461 journals. Of the 4475 authors, Clare Liddy was the highest-producing author. Twenty-four clusters were identified, six of which had the participation of the most cited authors. The University of California was the institution with the most affiliated authors. The countries with the most involvement in publications were the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Canada, respectively. Conclusions: this analysis of scientific production mapped the most relevant research centers and research groups on the subject and collaborative networks, potential partnerships for research development. Few studies were also identified in relation to the perspective of professionals and, especially, managers on the access and quality of PHC.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: conhecer a percepção dos trabalhadores sobre a atuação do redutor de danos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras drogas (CAPSad), assim colaborando com a problematização e transformação da realidade do cuidado aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas. MÉTODO: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, de caráter descritivo, realizada com profissionais de um CAPSad da cidade de Sant'Ana do Livramento por meio da técnica de Grupo Focal Narrativo (GFN). Para realizar a análise dos dados, o conteúdo foi transformado em narrativa de grupo. RESULTADOS: apontou-se a discussão frente à percepção da figura do redutor de danos e sua inter-relação no cotidiano da clínica em saúde mental, apresentando potências e desafios. CONCLUSÃO: evidencia-se a importância do papel que a redução de danos ocupa no âmbito da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira. A figura do redutor de danos no serviço é de que este profissional tem como capacidade a criação de vínculos, realização de um acolhimento efetivo e que pode auxiliar na desconstrução do estigma que o usuário de substâncias sofre perante a sociedade, sendo uma ferramenta potente para a construção e transmutação na vida das pessoas.

OBJECTIVE: to know the workers' perception about the performance of the damage reducer in a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other drugs (PSCCad), thus collaborating with the problematization and transformation of the reality of the care for users of alcohol and other drugs. METHOD: this is a qualitative and exploratory research, of a descriptive nature, carried out with professionals from a PSCCad in the city of Sant'Ana do Livramento using the Narrative Focus Group (NFG) technique. In order to perform the data analysis, the content was transformed into group narrative. RESULTS: the discussion was pointed out in the face of the perception of the figure of the damage reducer and its interrelation in the daily routine of the mental health clinic, presenting strengths and challenges. CONCLUSION: it is evident the importance of the role that damage reduction plays in the scope of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. The figure of the damage reducer in the service is that this professional has the capacity to create bonds, perform an effective welcoming and that can assist in deconstructing the stigma that the substance user suffers in society, being a powerful tool for construction and transmutation in people's lives.

OBJETIVO: comprender la percepción de los trabajadores sobre el papel de la reducción de daños en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial para el Alcohol y otras Drogas (CAPSad), colaborando con la problematización y transformación de la realidad de la atención a los consumidores de alcohol. y otras drogas. MÉTODO: investigación descriptiva, cualitativa y exploratoria, realizada con profesionales de un CAPSad en la ciudad de Sant'Ana do Livramento, utilizando la técnica del Narrative Focus Group (GFN). Para realizar análisis de datos, el contenido se transformó en una narración grupal. RESULTADOS: la discusión se señaló frente a la percepción de la figura del reductor de daños y su interrelación en la rutina diaria de la clínica de salud mental, presentando fortalezas y desafíos. CONCLUSIÓN: la importancia del papel que juega la reducción de daños en el contexto de la Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileña es evidente. La figura del reductor de daños en el servicio es que este profesional tiene la capacidad de crear vínculos, realizar una bienvenida efectiva y que puede ayudar a deconstruir el estigma que sufre el usuario de sustancias en la sociedad, siendo una herramienta poderosa para la construcción y transmutación en la vida de las personas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as práticas cotidianas de um serviço de saúde mental do norte da Itália. Método Pesquisa qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados foi proveniente do trabalho de campo etnográfico em um serviço de saúde no período entre 2015 e 2016. Foram observadas as atividades diárias e realizadas oito entrevistas em profundidade com os profissionais desse serviço. O material empírico foi submetido à técnica de análise de conteúdo de Cardano. Resultados Percebeu-se que essas práticas permitem a cada indivíduo desempenhar uma diversidade de papéis no drama social, quando inseridos em um território existencial e apoiados numa prática ética, estética e política. Conclusões e implicações para a prática Por meio dessa clínica territorializada, observou-se a substituição de conceitos orientadores do cuidado para uma "invenção de saúde" em ato, marcada pela ousadia de criar espaços de cena para a expressão das múltiplas versões do eu.

ABSTRACT Objective analyze the daily practices of a mental health service in northern Italy. Method Qualitative research whose data collection came from ethnographic field work in a health service between 2015 and 2016. The daily activities were observed, and eight in-depth interviews with the professionals of this service were performed. The empirical material was submitted to Cardano´s content analysis technique. Results it was noticed that these practices allow each individual to perform a diversity of roles in a social drama, when they are inserted in an existential territory and supported by an ethical, aesthetical and political practice. Conclusions and implications for practice through this territorialized clinic, it was observed the replacement of guiding concepts of care for a "health invention", which was marked by the boldness of creating spaces for the expression of multiple versions of the self.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze prevalence and the factors associated with locomotive syndrome in community-dwelling older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study, developed in a municipal center for the care of older adults in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The sample was for convenience and comprised 204 older adults aged 60 years or more, of both genders and with preserved cognitive capacity, according to parameters of the Mini Mental State Examination. Data collection occurred from March to November 2018, by applying a form for sociodemographic, clinical and falls occurrence characterization and the 25-item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. To measure the strength of the associations between the variables, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were adopted. The statistical significance level was set at 5% for the analyses. Results: the prevalence of locomotive syndrome found was 37.2%. The factors associated with the presence of locomotive syndrome were individual monthly income (p=0.005); existence of one of the following comorbidities: systemic arterial hypertension (p=0.039), osteoporosis (p=0.016), arthrosis (p<0.001) or obesity (p=0.014); and history of hospitalization in the last year (p=0.007). Conclusion: the prevalence of locomotive syndrome found in this study was low and presented higher levels in older adults, with an individual monthly income of two to three minimum wages; who reported having hypertension, osteoporosis, arthrosis or obesity; and with a history of hospitalization in the last year. The health condition investigated showed to be related to aging, with significant repercussions on functionality.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al síndrome locomotor en adultos mayores de la comunidad. Método: estudio de tipo transversal, desarrollado en un centro de atención para adultos mayores de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. La muestra fue por conveniencia y estuvo compuesta por 204 adultos mayores de 60 o más años de edad, de ambos sexos y con capacidad cognitiva preservada, según parámetros del Mini Examen de Estado Mental. Los datos se recolectaron entre marzo y noviembre de 2018 aplicando un formulario para la caracterización sociodemográfica, clínica y de caídas y la Escala Geriátrica de la Función Locomotora de 25 ítems. Para medir la fuerza de las asociaciones entre las variables, se adoptaron odds ratios e intervalos de confianza del 95%. El nivel de significancia estadística se estableció en 5% para los análisis. Resultados: la prevalencia del síndrome locomotor fue del 37,2%. Los factores asociados a la presencia del síndrome locomotor fueron los siguientes: ingreso mensual individual (p=0,005); presencia de una de las comorbilidades: hipertensión arterial sistémica (p=0,039), osteoporosis (p=0,016), artrosis (p<0,001) u obesidad (p=0,014); y antecedentes de internación en el último año (p=0,007). Conclusión: la prevalencia del síndrome locomotor que se encontró en este estudio fue baja y demostró ser superior en adultos mayores, con ingresos mensuales individuales de de dos a tres salarios mínimos; que indicaron sufrir hipertensión, osteoporosis, artrosis u obesidad; y con antecedentes de internación en el último año. La condición de salud investigada demostró estar relacionada con el envejecimiento, con repercusiones significativas sobre la funcionalidad.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à síndrome locomotora em idosos comunitários. Método: estudo do tipo transversal, desenvolvido em núcleo de atenção ao idoso, em Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. A amostra foi por conveniência e constituída por 204 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, com capacidade cognitiva preservada, segundo parâmetros do Mini Exame do Estado Mental. A coleta de dados ocorreu de março a novembro de 2018, por meio da aplicação de um formulário para caracterização sociodemográfica, clínica e de ocorrência de quedas e da Escala Geriátrica da Função Locomotora de 25 itens. Para aferição da força das associações entre as variáveis, adotaram-se razão de chances e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Nível de significância estatística estabelecido de 5% para as análises. Resultados: a prevalência da síndrome locomotora encontrada foi de 37,2%. Os fatores associados à presença da síndrome locomotora foram renda mensal individual (p=0,005); existência de uma das comorbidades: hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p=0,039), osteoporose (p=0,016), artrose (p<0,001) ou obesidade (p=0,014); e histórico de hospitalização, no último ano (p=0,007). Conclusão: a prevalência da síndrome locomotora encontrada no presente estudo foi baixa e apresentou-se maior em idosos, com renda mensal individual de dois a três salários mínimos; que referiram ter hipertensão, osteoporose, artrose ou obesidade; e com histórico de hospitalização, no último ano. A condição de saúde investigada se mostrou relacionada ao envelhecimento, com repercussões significativas sobre a funcionalidade.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar a figurabilidade como recurso à técnica psicanalítica. A análise da construção imagética do conto "A quinta história", de Clarice Lispector, possibilita uma analogia às imagens e sinestesias que ocorrem no consultório de psicanálise com uma paciente de quase 100 anos, aqui chamada de Dona Menina. Os recortes das sessões de análise, permeadas de figurabilidade, mostram como a analisanda diz de seu de-dentro, numa luta para vivificar-se, mesmo em idade avançada. Neste artigo, literatura e psicanálise se encontram na tentativa de palavrear sobre o inominável das angústias e das gentes. O escopo teórico utilizado foi Grotstein, Ogden e Gutfreind, entre outros autores.

This work aims at presenting figurability as a resource to the psychoanalytic technique. The analysis of the imaginary construction of the story The fifth story, by Clarice Lispector, allows an analogy to the images and synesthesia that occur in the psychoanalysis office to a patient who is almost 100 years old, here called Dona Menina. The cuts of the analysis sessions, permeated by figurability, show how the analysand talks about her de-in, in a struggle to revive herself, even in old age. In this article, literature and psychoanalysis are joined in the attempt of talking about the unnamed anguishes and people. The theoretical scope used was Grotstein, Ogden and Gutfreind, among others.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la figurabilidad como recurso a la técnica psicoanalítica. La quinta historia, de Clarice Lispector, posibilita una analogía a las imágenes y sinestesias que ocurren en el consultorio de psicoanálisis junto a una paciente de casi 100 años, aquí llamada de Doña Niña. Los recortes de las sesiones de análisis, impregnadas de figurabilidad, muestran cómo la analista habla de su de-dentro, en una lucha para vivificarse, incluso en edad avanzada. En ese artículo, literatura y psicoanálisis se encuentran en el intento de conversar sobre lo innombrable de las angustias y de las gentes. El marco teórico utilizado fue Grotstein, Ogden y Gutfreind, entre otros autores.

Ce travail a pour but de présenter la figuralité en tant que ressource de la technique psychanalytique. L'analyse de la construction imagière du conte Le cinquième récit, de Clarice Lispector, permet une analogie avec les images et les synesthésies qui ont lieu dans un cabinet de psychanalyse, auprès d'une patiente d'environ cent ans, appelée ici Dona Menina. Les découpages des séances d'analyse, imprégnées de figuralité, montrent comment l'analysante dit de son dedans, dans une lutte pour se vivifier, même à un âge avancé. Dans cet article, la littérature et la psychanalyse se rencontrent pour essayer de parler à propos de ce qu'il y a d'innommable dans les angoisses et dans les gens. Le cadre théorique utilisé était, entre autres, Grotstein, Ogden et Gutfreind.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of quantitative feed restriction on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, efficiency and feeding behavior, and productive performance in F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of their lactation. METHODS: Sixty F1 Holstein/Zebu cows with 111.5 ± 11.75 days of lactation and an initial body weight (BW) of 499 ± 30 kg (mean ± SEM) were used. The experimental design was completely randomized with the following diet levels of feed restriction: 3.39%, 2.75%, 2.50%, 2.25% and 2.00% of BW, with 12 replications for each level.The experiment lasted for 63 days, of which each period lasted 21 days with the first 16 days for diet adaptation followed by 5 days for collection of data and samples. RESULTS: For each 1% of BW diet restriction, there was a decrease in dry matter intake of 5.26 kg/day (p &lt;0.01). There was no difference in daily milk production (p = 0.09) under the restriction levels of 3.39% to 2.0% of BW. When corrected for 3.5% fat, milk production declined (p = 0.05) 3.46 kg/day for each percentage unit of feed restriction. CONCLUSION: Restricting the feed supply for F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in the middle third of their lactation period altered nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and ingestive behavior but did not affect milk production or feed efficiency. However, considering the observed body weight loss and decrease in milk production corrected for 3.5% fat, restriction of no less than 2.5% BW is recommended.

RESUMO

Hypertension (HTN) remains a common complication after kidney transplantation among paediatric patients. Although low birth weight (LBW) has been implicated as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, its effect on transplantation patients has not yet been addressed. It is essential to determine whether children with LBW who undergo transplantation are more likely to develop post-transplantation HTN. For this study, the medical records of 96 kidney recipients were retrospectively examined. A total of 83 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, post-transplantation HTN was observed in 54% of the recipients. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that time from transplantation >14 months (odds ratio (OR) 3.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31-10.06; P = 0.013), current CKD (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.01-7.20; P = 0.045), presence of LBW (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.04-12.32; P = 0.044) and current overweight/obesity (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.02-13.91; P = 0.047) were associated with post-transplantation HTN. In conclusion, our data provide evidence for the first time that LBW is a significant predictive factor in the development of post-transplantation HTN. This finding has important clinical implications as it serves to alert clinicians about this additional risk factor in paediatric patients undergoing kidney transplant.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of quantitative feed restriction level on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, efficiency and feeding behavior, and productive performance of F1 Holstein × Zebu cows in late lactation. Sixty F1 Holstein × Zebu cows were used at the stage of late lactation (183.0±17.5 days of lactation) and with initial body weight (BW) of 499±30 kg. The experimental arrangement adopted was the completely randomized design, with five feed restriction levels (3.39, 2.75, 2.50, 2.25, and 2.00% of BW) and twelve cows as replicates for each treatment. The roughage:concentrate ratio was of 75:25 in the total dry matter of the diet. The restriction of dietary supply from 3.39 to 2.0% of BW linearly reduced dry matter intake by 51.74%. The restriction in diet supply linearly increased dry matter digestibility in 13.76%. For each 1% BW restriction in the diet supply for the animals, there was a linear reduction of 3 h in feeding time. Restriction in diet supply of crossbred cows from 3.39 to 2.0% of BW reduced milk production by 24.84%. For each 1% restriction on supply, 2.17 L of milk were not produced. Milk production corrected to 3.5% fat was not altered with the feed restriction. Final BW decreased 41 kg for each percentage unit of diet restriction. Feed efficiency increased 28.72% with feed restriction. For F1 Holstein × Zebu cows in the late lactation, the restriction of dietary supply up to 2.0% of body weight decreases nutrient intake, nitrogen balance, rumination time, and milk production; however, it improves nutrient digestibility and feed efficiency of the animals.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Colorectal bleeding is a warning sign that may be identified by fecal occult blood testing. A positive fecal occult blood test result requires a subsequent colonoscopy, a costly and invasive examination. Therefore, the use of diagnostic tests with optimal sensitivity and specificity is warranted. In this study, we evaluated four different fecal occult blood tests in 176 patients undergoing colonoscopy and compared their results. OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of chemical and immunochemical fecal occult blood tests in patients undergoing colonoscopy and to evaluate the degree of concordance between the tests and colonoscopy. METHODS: Patients with indications for colonoscopy also underwent fecal occult blood testing by chemical (toluidine test) and immunochemical methods, employing three commercially available kits. Based on the endoscopic findings, the colonoscopy was rated as positive or negative for colorectal bleeding. The degree of concordance between the fecal occult blood tests and the colonoscopy was evaluated by the kappa index. RESULTS: Forty-four (25%) colonoscopies were categorized as positive for colorectal bleeding. The toluidine test presented lower concordance than the immunochemical tests, which showed moderate concordance with the colonoscopy. The toluidine test had the least sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. CONCLUSION: The immunochemical fecal occult blood tests showed greater sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in detecting colorectal bleeding. The immunochemical tests had superior indexes of agreement with colonoscopy compared to the toluidine test.

Assuntos