RESUMO

Waste oil from olive oil extraction industry was used, instead of soybean oil, in heavy roosters' diet in order to evaluate birds' reproductive parameters. A total of forty roosters were housed individually in boxes with 1.2 m². Two experimental diets were used: control diet, based on corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil; and test diet, where soybean oil was totally replaced by waste oil. In order to verify weight gain and feed intake, animals were individually weighed weekly. Seven semen collections were performed with fifteen-day interval. Reproductive variables analyzed sperm volume, motility, concentration, and morphology. No statistical difference (p > 0.05) was observed between treatments at the different collection periods for the variables sperm volume, motility, and concentration. There was a statistically significant difference between treatments for body weight in periods three (p = 0.04), and seven (p = 0.04). Statistical differences (p = 0.01) were also observed between treatments for abnormal sperm morphology. Among collection periods, statistical difference was observed for motility (p = 0.00), and sperm concentration (p = 0.01). Total replacement of soybean oil by waste oil from olive oil extraction in young heavy roosters' diets does not affect sperm volume, motility, and concentration; reduces defects in sperm tail, and promotes better weight gain control.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Waste oil from olive oil extraction industry was used, instead of soybean oil, in heavy roosters diet in order to evaluate birds reproductive parameters. Atotal of forty roosters were housed individually in boxes with 1.2 m². Two experimental diets were used: control diet, based on corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil; and test diet, where soybean oil was totally replaced by waste oil. In order to verify weight gain and feed intake, animals were individually weighed weekly. Seven semen collections were performed with fifteen-day interval. Reproductive variables analyzed sperm volume, motility, concentration, and morphology. No statistical difference (p >0.05) was observed between treatments at the different collection periods for the variables sperm volume, motility, and concentration. There was a statistically significant difference between treatments for body weight in periods three (p =0.04), and seven (p=0.04). Statistical differences (p =0.01) were also observed between treatments for abnormal sperm morphology. Among collection periods, statistical difference was observed for motility (p =0.00), and sperm concentration (p =0.01). Total replacement of soybean oil by waste oil from olive oil extraction in young heavy roosters diets does not affect sperm volume, motility, and concentration; reduces defects in sperm tail, and promotes better weight gain control.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Attempting to improve reproduction performance and ichthyo prophylaxis, this study evaluated the effects of maintaining silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) broodstock in different saline concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8‰) on gametes quality and reproductive viability. The results showed that sperm percent motility did not change between 0 and 4‰, but it was reduced at 6‰, and sperm became immotile at 8‰ salinity. Sperm motility time was increased (almost five fold) at 6‰. Salinities up to 4‰ prevented fertilization and hatching, proving their deleterious effects on oocytes and embryos. Therefore, media up to 4‰ salinity may be an alternative for icthyo prophylaxis, although fertilization and incubation must be done in freshwater medium.

Com o intuito de otimizar o desempenho reprodutivo do jundiá Rhamdia quelen em cativeiro e evitar a ictioftiríase na larvicultura, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da manutenção de reprodutores em diferentes concentrações salinas (0, 2, 4, 6 e 8‰) sobre a qualidade dos gametas e viabilidade da reprodução nestes meios. Os resultados demonstraram que o percentual de espermatozoides móveis permaneceu inalterado nas concentrações salinas entre 0 e 4‰, reduziu em 6‰ e não houve motilidade a 8‰, e que o tempo médio de motilidade aumentou aproximadamente 5 vezes em 6‰. Entretanto, a fertilização e eclosão foram inviáveis a partir de 4‰, demonstrando ação deletéria da salinidade sobre os ovócitos e também dos embriões. Assim, salinidade de até 4‰ pode ser empregada como método profilático ao ictio na manutenção de reprodutores de jundiá, embora a fertilização artificial e incubação tenham que ser realizadas em meio de água-doce.

RESUMO

Attempting to improve reproduction performance and ichthyo prophylaxis, this study evaluated the effects of maintaining silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) broodstock in different saline concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8‰) on gametes quality and reproductive viability. The results showed that sperm percent motility did not change between 0 and 4‰, but it was reduced at 6‰, and sperm became immotile at 8‰ salinity. Sperm motility time was increased (almost five fold) at 6‰. Salinities up to 4‰ prevented fertilization and hatching, proving their deleterious effects on oocytes and embryos. Therefore, media up to 4‰ salinity may be an alternative for icthyo prophylaxis, although fertilization and incubation must be done in freshwater medium.(AU)

Com o intuito de otimizar o desempenho reprodutivo do jundiá Rhamdia quelen em cativeiro e evitar a ictioftiríase na larvicultura, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da manutenção de reprodutores em diferentes concentrações salinas (0, 2, 4, 6 e 8‰) sobre a qualidade dos gametas e viabilidade da reprodução nestes meios. Os resultados demonstraram que o percentual de espermatozoides móveis permaneceu inalterado nas concentrações salinas entre 0 e 4‰, reduziu em 6‰ e não houve motilidade a 8‰, e que o tempo médio de motilidade aumentou aproximadamente 5 vezes em 6‰. Entretanto, a fertilização e eclosão foram inviáveis a partir de 4‰, demonstrando ação deletéria da salinidade sobre os ovócitos e também dos embriões. Assim, salinidade de até 4‰ pode ser empregada como método profilático ao ictio na manutenção de reprodutores de jundiá, embora a fertilização artificial e incubação tenham que ser realizadas em meio de água-doce.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este estudo testou o efeito de diferentes concentrações de lactato de cálcio e tempos de incubação sobre a capacidade de adesão e a penetração dos espermatozoides suínos nas membranas perivitelinas (MP) de ovos de galinhas, na expectativa de desenvolver um teste para estimar o potencial de fertilidade de machos doadores de sêmen. No primeiro experimento, amostras de sêmen (n=12) foram incubadas em meio TCM com lactato de cálcio a 1,1 e 2,2µg mL-1. Posteriormente, após definida a concentração de 1,1µg mL-1 de lactato de cálcio, um segundo experimento comparou três períodos de incubação a 39°C: 10, 15 e 20min. As respostas testadas foram: a taxa de adesão (TA) e o número de espermatozoides aderidos (NA) na MP externa, e a taxa de penetração (TP) e o número de orifícios (NO) na MP interna. A TA na MP externa foi de 100 por cento, independentemente da concentração e dos períodos testados. Com a concentração de lactato de cálcio de 1,1µg mL-1, o NA na membrana perivitelina externa e TP e NO na membrana perivitelina interna foram superiores (P<0,05) aos com 2,2µg mL-1. O NA foi superior com incubação por 20min, em comparação aos períodos mais curtos (P<0,05). No período de incubação por 10min, não houve penetração na MP interna. Porém, com 20min de incubação, a TP na MP interna e o NO foram superiores aos obtidos com a incubação por 15min (P<0,05). A concentração de 1,1µg mL-1 de lactato de cálcio e o perídodo de incubação por 20min permitem a execução eficiente de testes in vitro usando MP para verificar etapas importantes do processo de fertilização.

This study tested the effect of different calcium lactate concentrations and incubation periods on the binding and penetration capacity of swine sperm to the perivitelline layers (PL) of chicken eggs, with the expectation of developing a test to estimate the potential fertility of boars used as sperm donors. In the first experiment, semen samples (n=12) were incubated with TCM medium ant two calcium lactate levels: 1.1 and 2.2µg mL-1. After the set up of fixed calcium lactate level (1.1µg mL-1), the second experiment compared three incubation periods: 10, 15 and 20min. The observed variables were binding rate (BR) and number of bound sperm (NB) in the outer PL, and penetration rate (PR) and number of holes (NH) in the inner PL. The BR to the outer MP was 100 percent, regardless of the tested concentrations and incubation periods. The NB to the outer perivitelline layer and the PR and the NH in the inner perivitelline layer were greater with 1.1µg mL-1 calcium lactate than 2.2µg mL-1. The NB in the outer PL was greater with 20min incubation than with shorter period (P<0.05). Using 10min incubation, there was no penetration in the inner PL, but, with incubation for 20min, the PR and the NH in the inner PL were greater than those with incubation for 15 min (P<0.05). Using 1.1µg mL-1 calcium lactate and incubation for 20min, the in vitro test using PL can be efficiently conducted to assess important steps of the fertilization process.

RESUMO

To obtain success in an artificial insemination (AI) program, it is essential that the AI centrals produce high quality insemination doses (ID); one important factor is to use the correct sperm concentration by ID. To determine sperm concentration, spectrophotometry could be used. This technique consists in the reading of sperm concentration through the measurement of light transmittance percent in the ejaculate sample. Usually, when executing this technique, cancerigenous solutions, as formalin, or neurotoxic solutions, as glutaraldehyde, are used. This work aimed to compare different diluent solutions to measure swine sperm concentration on the spectrophotometer. Fifty three swine male breeders from different strains and with proven fertility were used. Ejaculates were collected by the gloved hand method. A spectrophotometer (QUIMIS Q-798DMR), previously calibrated with the semen from the animals of the own farm, was used. In the cuvettes, 0.03 mL of the ejaculate sample was added to 2.97 mL of saline phormol (T1) or physiologic solution (T2). Data was analyzed by ANOVA using Statistix 2003 software. There was no difference between treatments (P > 0,05). Mean concentration of 5.52x106 ± 75.0 and 5.50x106 ± 68.0 sperm/mL, corresponding to 68.2 ± 2.5 and 67.1 ± 2.5 % transmittance were observed for T1 and T2, respectively. Replacing saline formalin with physiologic solut

Para obtenção de sucesso em um programa de inseminação artificial (IA) é fundamental que as centrais de IA produzam doses inseminantes (DI) de alta qualidade, um fator importante é a correta concentração de espermatozóides por DI. Para a determinação da concentração espermática pode se utilizar o espectrofotômetro. Esta técnica consiste na leitura da concentração espermática através do grau de transmitância da luz na amostra do ejaculado. Geralmente para a execução desta técnica são utilizadas soluções cancerígenas, como a formalina, ou neurotóxicas, como o glutaraldeído. Este trabalho objetivou comparar diferentes diluentes para a mensuração da concentração espermática de suínos no espectrofotômetro. Foram utilizados 53 machos reprodutores suínos de diferentes linhagens e com fertilidade conhecida. O ejaculado foi colhido através do método da mão enluvada. Foi utilizado um aparelho de espectrofotometria (QUIMIS Q-798DMR), previamente calibrado com o sêmen dos animais da própria granja. Nas cubetas foram adicionados 2,97 mL de formol salina (T1) ou soro fisiológico (T2) e acrescido de 0,03 mL da amostra do ejaculado, sendo a leitura efetuada no visor do aparelho. Os dados foram analisados utilizando ANOVA do software Statistix 2003. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (P > 0,05). Foi observada uma concentração média de 5,52x106 ± 75,0 e de 5,50x106 ± 68,0 espermatoz