RESUMO
The hemolysate of Mastigodryas bifossatus shows two major hemoglobins with very close isoelectric points, and four different globin chains. The stripped hemolysate exhibits a low alkaline Bohr effect (delta log P50/delta pH = -0.30 between pH 7 and 8) and a decrease of the co-operativity from 2.3 to unity when the pH increases from 6.15 to 8.5. In the presence of ATP, large changes in the oxygen affinity and co-operativity are observed. The Bohr effect rises to -0.46 and the n50 values stay at around 3 in the pH range 6-9. An increase in temperature induces a large decrease in the oxygen affinity for the stripped hemolysate. In the pH range between 7.5 and 8.5, the values of delta H in kcal/M are around 10 fold larger for the stripped protein than for the protein in the presence of ATP. Measurements of rapid kinetics of oxygen dissociation and carbon monoxide binding reflect the ATP sensitivity observed in equilibrium experiments.
Assuntos
Hemoglobinas/fisiologia , Serpentes/sangue , Animais , Sedimentação Sanguínea , Cromatografia em Agarose , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Hemoglobinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemólise , Focalização Isoelétrica , Cinética , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Fosfatos/farmacologia , América do Sul , TemperaturaRESUMO
Spectrofluorometric techniques were used to quantify NADPH-hemoglobin interactions based on the quenching of NADPH fluorescence upon binding to hemoglobin. Fluorometric titrations were carried out with hemoglobin in varied states and with hemoglobins in which the beta-chain anion site is altered. At pH 6.5 in 0.05 M 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer, NADPH binds with high affinity, Kd = 1.03 microM, to deoxy human hemoglobin tetramers. Lower affinity binding of NADPH occurs as the beta-chain anion-binding site is discharged by increasing the pH. Moreover, the cofactor binds in a 1:1 ratio to deoxy tetramers, inositol hexaphosphate binds competitively, and binding is decreased in hemoglobins whose structural alterations result in decreased effects of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. The cofactor binds to oxidized (met) hemoglobin with an estimated Kd of 33.3 microM but has little or no affinity for the oxy form. These results indicate that NADPH binds at the beta-chain anion-binding site and can be considered as a fluorescent analog of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Fluorescence measurements gave no indication of NADPH binding to deoxygenated ferrous or ferric myoglobin. Reductive processes within the erythrocyte, such as reduction of met hemoglobin and hemoglobin-catalyzed enzymatic reactions, may be affected by the significant binding of the reduced cofactor to both deoxygenated and oxidized hemoglobin. Cofactor-hemoglobin interactions predict a shift in redox potential as red cells become oxygenated, which may account for unexplained oxygen-linked shifts in red cell metabolism.
Assuntos
Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , NADP/metabolismo , Animais , Sítios de Ligação , Ligação Competitiva , Hemoglobina A/metabolismo , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Substâncias Macromoleculares , Matemática , Metemoglobina/metabolismo , Mioglobina/metabolismo , NAD/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Ácido Fítico/metabolismo , Ovinos , Espectrometria de FluorescênciaRESUMO
The affinity constants for the binding of NADPH to human hemoglobin A were directly determined by fluorescence analysis since nucleotide fluorescence is quenched on binding to the protein. The binding constants 6.1 x 10(5), 5.02 x 10(5) and 1.2 x 10(5) were found for deoxyhemoglobin at pH 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5, respectively. Oxyhemoglobin does not bind NADPH significantly. These results are consistent with those found in oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium experiments. The human hemoglobin variant, Providence-Asp, which has a marked decrease in 2,3 DPG affinity was also investigated. NADPH does not bind to the variant suggesting that the Lys B 82 residue is of fundamental importance to nucleotide binding and showing that the binding site is the same as that of 2,3 DPG or other organic polyphosphate, allosteric modulators of hemoglobins. Experiments of inositol hexaphosphate (IHP)-NADPH site competition corroborate these results.
Assuntos
Hemoglobina A/metabolismo , Hemoglobina J/metabolismo , Hemoglobinas Anormais/metabolismo , NADP/metabolismo , Sítios de Ligação , Humanos , Espectrometria de FluorescênciaRESUMO
The affinity constants for the binding of NADPH to human hemoglobin A were directly determined by fluorescence analyssis since nucleotide fluorescence is quenched on binding to the protein. The binding constants 6.1 x 10**5, 5.02 x 10**5 and 1.2 x 10**5 were found for deosyhemoglobin at pH 6.5, 7.0,respectively. Oxyhemoglobin does not bind NADPH significantly. These results are consistent with those found in oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium experiments. The human hemoglobin variant, Providence-Asp, which has a marked decrease in 2,3 DPG affinity was also investigated. NADPH does not bind to the variant suggesting that the Lys B 82 residues is of fundamental importance to nucleotide binding and showing that the binding site is the same as that of 2,3 DPG or other organic polyphosphate, aloosteric modulators of hemoglobins. Experiments of inositol hexaphosphate (IHP)-NADPH site competition corroborate these results