RESUMO
The objective of this study is to determine the correlation between proliferative diabetic and duration retinopathy and duration of diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted using a total of one hundred (100) diabetic patients from Trinidad Eye Hospital Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program (DESP). An efficient screening along with fundus photographs was done prior to collection of data. All data received from TEH database were entered into IBM SPSS statistical software (version 6). Tests such as One-Way ANOVA as well as Chi square test was used to determine the correlation between duration of diabetes and progression of diabetic retinopathy through grading of photographs. From the results obtained in this study, there was a correlation between duration of diabetic retinopathy and the grade obtained therefore the objective of the study was answered. In conclusion, it can be stated that a longer duration of diabetes mellitus relates to an increase in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, there was no associated correlation between ethnicity and the progression of diabetic retinopathy indicating that ethnicity is not a definite risk factor for the progression of the condition.
Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus , Retinopatia Diabética , Fatores de Tempo , Trinidad e Tobago , Progressão da Doença , Distribuição por EtniaRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the accuracy of Immersion A-Scan Biometry by comparing the relationship between the predicted refractive status from the biometric data with the achieved refractive status determined from objective/subjective refraction. Design and Methodology: Sixty patients were recruited from the Trinidad Eye Hospital (TEH) who was scheduled to undergo cataract surgery. The method of ocular biometry measurement used in this study was Immersion A-scan Biometry using the Aviso: The Ultrasound Platform. The biometric data was then recorded along with the expected refractive status based on the SRK-T formula used to calculate the power of the intra-occular lens (IOL) to be implanted. Results: Out of the 60 patients used, phacoemulsification surgery was performed on 33 right eyes and 27 left eyes. The goal of emmetropia after surgery was achieved in 32 patients among the 60 patients. The 28 patients that were unable to achieve emmetropia brought awareness to the assumptions of errors within the biometric data. The visual acuity was improved significantly in all patients after the phacoemulsification surgery. Conclusion: The study confirmed that there is no significant difference between the refractive status predicted from Immersion A-scan biometry with the refractive status achieved post cataract surgery.
Assuntos
Humanos , Biometria , Trinidad e Tobago , CatarataRESUMO
Objectives: Stargardt's disease is an autosomal recessive macular dystrophy caused by mutations in the photoreceptor cell-specific ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 4, transporter (ABCA4) gene. We studied (i) the predicted effects of mutations on the function of the ABCA4 transporter and (ii) the existence of four common mutations in local Stargardt patients. Design and Methodology: (i) The freeware PROVEAN (Protein VariationEffect Analyzer; J. Craig Venter Institute, CA,USA) was used to predict the deleterious effect257 mutations in the ABCA4 gene. PROVEANscores below -2.5 were considered deleterious.One-way ANOVAs were used to detect anysignificant differences in mean (±SE) PROVEANscores among mutation types or protein domains I,II, III or IV. (ii) Using saliva, DNA was isolated from three Stargardt patients. Chromosomal regions were amplified by PCR, sequenced (Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Korea) and sequence alignment (NCBI, MD, USA) used to detect the presence of four mutations; c.768G>T (p.Val256=), c.4469G>A (p.Cys1490Tyr), c.6079C>T (p.Leu2027Phe) and c.1804C>T (p.Arg602Trp). Results: (i) Sixty-three percent of mutations predicted deleterious effects. There were no significant (p<0.05) differences between mean PROVEAN scores among mutation types (substitutions, - 4.49±0.20; deletions/insertions, -6.35±0.67) or protein domains (domain I, -4.79 ± 0.39; domain II, -4.65 ± 0.36; domain III, -5.48 ± 0.51; domain IV, -4.39 ± 0.34). (ii) These mutations were not detected in Stargardt's patients. Conclusion: (i) Functionality of the ABCA4 protein is affected by multiple mutations. (ii) Novel mutations are present in local patients. Currently, we seek to profile novel mutations in six families using molecular inversion probes.