RESUMO
Two canine haemoplasma species have been recognised to date; Mycoplasma haemocanis (Mhc), which has been associated with anaemia in splenectomised or immunocompromised dogs, and "Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum" (CMhp), recently described in an anaemic splenectomised dog undergoing chemotherapy. The study aim was to develop quantitative real-time PCR assays (qPCRs) incorporating an endogenous internal control to detect Mhc and CMhp and to apply these assays to DNA samples extracted from canine blood collected in Northern Tanzania (n=100) and from dogs presented to a Trinidadian veterinary hospital (n=185). QPCRs specific for Mhc and CMhp were designed using 16S rRNA gene sequence data, and each was duplexed with an assay specific for canine glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The assays detected < or =10 copies of a sequence-specific haemoplasma plasmid per reaction and neither assay showed cross-reactivity with 10(6) copies of the sequence-specific plasmid from the non-target canine haemoplasma species. Nineteen of the 100 Tanzanian samples (19%) were positive for Mhc alone and one (1%) was dually infected. One Trinidadian sample was negative for canine GAPDH DNA and was excluded from the study. Of the 184 remaining Trinidadian samples, nine (4.9%) were positive for Mhc alone, five (2.7%) for CMhp alone, and two (1.1%) dually infected. This is the first report of canine haemoplasma qPCR assays that use an internal control to confirm the presence of amplifiable sample DNA, and their application to prevalence studies. Mhc was the most commonly detected canine haemoplasma species.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma/fisiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Animais , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/sangue , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , Mycoplasma/genética , Mycoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tanzânia/epidemiologia , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Enfermedad del arañazo de gato es descrita como una linfadenitis, que puede progresar a una forma severa o recurrente, y ocasionalmente asociada a morbilidad; cuyas características eran desconocidas en nuestro país. Se incluyeron 43 pacientes, 46.51 por ciento fueron hombres y 53.49 por ciento mujeres. La media de la edad fue 14.09 años, 74.4 por ciento menores de 18 años. Durante el verano 53.33 por ciento fueron captados. Contacto con gatos presentaron el 93.02 por ciento de los pacientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas principales fueron fiebre y malestar general, y el hallazgo de linfoadenonegalia y la lesión de inoculación. Doce pacientes presentaron títulos entre 1/50 a 1/800 para B. henselae y B.Clarridgeae utilizando IFI. Tres muestras anatomopatológicos fueron características, otras seis fueron sugerentes. No se logró preservar colonias en los cultivos microbiológicos. El presente trabajo es el primer estudio prospectivo nacional de enfermedad del arañazo de gato, logrando identificar B. henselae y B. clarridgeae, principalmente en pacientes de edad pediátrica.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Bartonella , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/diagnóstico , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/microbiologia , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/patologia , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/terapia , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/transmissão , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/epidemiologia , Peru , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , Hospitais Estaduais , Epidemiologia DescritivaRESUMO
Typhus and other louse-transmitted bacterial infections in Peruvian sierra communities are known to occur but have not recently been assessed. In this study, 194 of 1,280 inhabitants of four villages in Calca Province in the Urubamba Valley were included. Thirty-nine (20%) of the 194 volunteers had antibodies to Rickettsia prowazekii, whereas 24 (12%) had antibodies to Bartonella quintana and 2 against Borrelia recurrentis. There was a significant correlation between the presence of infesting ectoparasites and antibodies to R. prowazekii, as well as between antibodies to R. prowazekii and ectoparasite infestation and fever in the previous 6 months. The proportion of inhabitants infested with ectoparasites was significantly higher in the highest-altitude village than in the other three villages. Two volunteers' antibody levels suggested a recent typhus infection, but only B. quintana DNA was amplified from lice. Epidemic typhus remains extant in the area, and B. quintana infections were encountered and documented for the first time in South America.
Assuntos
Infecções por Borrelia/epidemiologia , Insetos Vetores , Ftirápteros , Febre Recorrente/epidemiologia , Febre das Trincheiras/epidemiologia , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/epidemiologia , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Infecções por Borrelia/sangue , Infecções por Borrelia/imunologia , Infecções por Borrelia/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Peru/epidemiologia , Ftirápteros/microbiologia , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Febre Recorrente/sangue , Febre Recorrente/imunologia , Febre Recorrente/microbiologia , Febre das Trincheiras/sangue , Febre das Trincheiras/imunologia , Febre das Trincheiras/microbiologia , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/sangue , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/imunologia , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/microbiologiaRESUMO
The natural cycle of Bartonella bacilliformis remains uncertain, and the suspected existence of animal reservoirs for the bacterium has never been convincingly demonstrated. We conducted a survey of Bartonella species infecting intradomicillary animals in a bartonellosis-endemic region of Peru, obtaining blood from 50 animals living in the homes of 11 families whose children had recently had bartonellosis. Bartonella-like bacteria were recovered from four of nine small rodents included in the study, but from none of the 41 domesticated animals. Identification and comparison of these isolates, and two Bartonella-like isolates obtained from Phyllotis mice in a different endemic region of Peru using serologic and genotypic methods indicated that although none were strains of B. bacilliformis, five were probably representatives of three previously unrecognized Bartonella species and one was a likely strain of the pathogenic species B. elizabethae.